AI-enabled electrocardiography alert intervention and all-cause mortality: a pragmatic randomized clinical trial.

The early identification of vulnerable patients has the potential to improve outcomes but poses a substantial challenge in clinical practice. This study evaluated the ability of an artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled electrocardiogram (ECG) to identify hospitalized patients with a high risk of mortality in a multisite randomized controlled trial involving 39 physicians and 15,965 patients. The AI-ECG alert intervention included an AI report and warning messages delivered to the physicians, flagging patients predicted to be at high risk of mortality.

The Best Strategy for the Black Hole Phenomenon between Intravascular Ultrasound and Optical Coherence Tomography.

The black hole (BH) phenomenon is an intraluminal restenotic lesion. It was identified by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) after intracoronary brachytherapy and drug-eluting stent implantation. Despite the similarity in the mode of action of brachytherapy and drug-eluting stent implantation, the BH phenomenon appears to be uncommon after drug-eluting stent implantation.

The Angiotensin II Receptor Neprilysin Inhibitor LCZ696 Inhibits the NLRP3 Inflammasome By Reducing Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Macrophages and Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-induced Colitis in a Mouse Model.

The intracellular sensor protein complex known as the NACHT, LRR, and PYD domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome plays a crucial role in regulating inflammatory diseases by overseeing the production of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. Targeting its abnormal activation with drugs holds significant promise for inflammation treatment. This study highlights LCZ696, an angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor, as an effective suppressor of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages stimulated by ATP, nigericin, and monosodium urate.

2024 TSOC/TSPS Joint Consensus: Strategies for Advanced Vascular Wound Management in Arterial and Venous Diseases.

The Taiwan Society of Cardiology (TSOC) and Taiwan Society of Plastic Surgery (TSPS) have collaborated to develop a joint consensus for the management of patients with advanced vascular wounds. The taskforce comprises experts including preventive cardiologists, interventionists, and cardiovascular and plastic surgeons. The consensus focuses on addressing the challenges in diagnosing, treating, and managing complex wounds; incorporates the perfusion evaluation and the advanced vascular wound care team; and highlights the importance of cross-disciplinary teamwork.

Takotsubo Syndrome Occurring after mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination in a Patient with Graves' Disease.

Cardiovascular events such as myocarditis following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination are increasing. We present a 67-year-old postmenopausal woman with Takotsubo Syndrome and Graves' disease after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. She developed chest pain and shortness of breath one week after vaccination.

The safety and efficacy of the Mo.Ma system device for carotid artery stenting: A single-center experience from Taiwan.

Background: Proximal protection devices, such as the Mo.Ma system provides better neurological outcomes than the distal filter system in the carotid artery stenting (CAS) procedure. This study first evaluated the safety and efficacy of the Mo.

A Deep Learning Algorithm for Detecting Acute Pericarditis by Electrocardiogram.

(1) Background: Acute pericarditis is often confused with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) among patients presenting with acute chest pain in the emergency department (ED). Since a deep learning model (DLM) has been validated to accurately identify STEMI cases via 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), this study aimed to develop another DLM for the detection of acute pericarditis in the ED. (2) Methods: This study included 128 ECGs from patients with acute pericarditis and 66,633 ECGs from patients visiting the ED between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2020.

Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Electrocardiography Predicts Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Future Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Retrospective Analysis.

BACKGROUND: The ejection fraction (EF) provides critical information about heart failure (HF) and its management. Electrocardiography (ECG) is a noninvasive screening tool for cardiac electrophysiological activities that has been used to detect patients with low EF based on a deep learning model (DLM) trained via large amounts of data. However, no studies have widely investigated its clinical impacts.

A deep learning-based system capable of detecting pneumothorax via electrocardiogram.

Purpose: To determine if an electrocardiogram-based artificial intelligence system can identify pneumothorax prior to radiological examination.

Methods: This is a single-center, retrospective, electrocardiogram-based artificial intelligence (AI) system study that included 107 ECGs from 98 pneumothorax patients. Seven patients received needle decompression due to tension pneumothorax, and the others received thoracostomy due to instability (respiratory rate ≥ 24 breaths/min; heart rate, < 60 beats/min or > 120 beats/min; hypotension; room air O saturation, < 90%; and patient could not speak in whole sentences between breaths).

An Artificial Intelligence-Based Alarm Strategy Facilitates Management of Acute Myocardial Infarction.

(1) Background: While an artificial intelligence (AI)-based, cardiologist-level, deep-learning model for detecting acute myocardial infarction (AMI), based on a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), has been established to have extraordinary capabilities, its real-world performance and clinical applications are currently unknown. (2) Methods and Results: To set up an artificial intelligence-based alarm strategy (AI-S) for detecting AMI, we assembled a strategy development cohort including 25,002 visits from August 2019 to April 2020 and a prospective validation cohort including 14,296 visits from May to August 2020 at an emergency department. The components of AI-S consisted of chest pain symptoms, a 12-lead ECG, and high-sensitivity troponin I.

Generation of Functional Cardiomyocytes from Human Gastric Fibroblast-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.

Coronary artery diseases are major problems of the world. Coronary artery disease patients frequently suffer from peptic ulcers when they receive aspirin treatment. For diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, the implementation of panendoscopy (PES) with biopsy is necessary.

Prognostic Analysis of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Implantation of Different Stents for the First Time.

For patients with acute myocardial infarction scheduled to undergo percutaneous coronary stent implantation, in most cases a drug-eluting stent is recommended as the first choice for treatment. However, there is a lack of research on the effectiveness of bare-metal stents and drug-eluting stents on patients with different types of myocardial infarction. Our objective was to explore the effects of bare-metal stents and drug-eluting stents on patients with different types of myocardial infarction in terms of major cardiovascular incidents.

Cilostazol Induces eNOS and TM Expression via Activation with Sirtuin 1/Krüppel-like Factor 2 Pathway in Endothelial Cells.

Cilostazol was suggested to be beneficial to retard in-stent atherosclerosis and prevent stent thrombosis. However, the mechanisms responsible for the beneficial effects of cilostazol are not fully understood. In this study, we attempted to verify the mechanism of the antithrombotic effect of cilostazol.

A Deep-Learning Algorithm-Enhanced System Integrating Electrocardiograms and Chest X-rays for Diagnosing Aortic Dissection.

Background: Chest pain is the most common symptom of aortic dissection (AD), but it is often confused with other prevalent cardiopulmonary diseases. We aimed to develop deep-learning models (DLMs) with electrocardiography (ECG) and chest x-ray (CXR) features to detect AD and evaluate their performance.

Methods: This study included 43,473 patients in the emergency department (ED) between July 2012 and December 2019 for retrospective DLM development.

Profiles of Hospitalized Patients with Angiographic Coronary Heart Disease in Taiwan during 2014-2016: Report of a Tertiary Hospital.

Background: The Taiwan Society of Cardiology (TSOC) has established multicenter registries for coronary artery disease (CAD) to investigate clinical characteristics, management and risks for mortality. However, the impacts of newly-emerged evidence-based therapies, including the use of drug-eluting stents (DESs), on patients with CAD in Taiwan remain unclear.

Methods: The Tri-Service General Hospital-Coronary Heart Disease (TSGH-CHD) registry is a single-center, prospective, longitudinal registry in Taiwan containing data from 2014-2016.

A deep learning algorithm for detecting acute myocardial infarction.

Background: Delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is not unusual in daily practice. Since a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is crucial for the detection of AMI, a systematic algorithm to strengthen ECG interpretation may have important implications for improving diagnosis.

Aims: We aimed to develop a deep learning model (DLM) as a diagnostic support tool based on a 12-lead electrocardiogram.

Effects of Pitavastatin, Atorvastatin, and Rosuvastatin on the Risk of New-Onset Diabetes Mellitus: A Single-Center Cohort Study.

Statins constitute the mainstay treatment for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, which is associated with the risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM). However, the effects of individual statins on the risk of NODM remain unclear. We recruited 48,941 patients taking one of the three interested statins in a tertiary hospital between 2006 and 2018.

miR-548aq-3p is a novel target of Far infrared radiation which predicts coronary artery disease endothelial colony forming cell responsiveness.

Non-invasive far infrared radiation (FIR) has been observed to improve the health of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) contribute to vascular repair and CAD. The goal of this study was to uncover the role of FIR in ECFCs function and to reveal potential biomarkers for indication of FIR therapy in CAD patients.

Induces Thrombomodulin Expression and Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator Secretion via the Activation of Krüppel-Like Factor 2 within Endothelial Cells.

The effects of thrombo-prevention, such as antiplatelet and anticoagulant activity, have been reported with the usage of Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE); however, the detailed mechanism has not yet been fully investigated, especially the role of Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2). This study aimed to investigate whether GbE can activate KLF2 and then induce thrombomodulin (TM) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) secretion to enhance the effects of thrombo-prevention. Different concentrations of GbE were incubated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to evaluate its effect on endothelial cells.

The association of ischaemic stroke in patients with heart failure without atrial flutter/fibrillation.

Purpose: This study evaluated the association between ischaemic stroke (IS) and heart failure (HF) in the absence of atrial fibrillation (AF) or atrial flutter (AFL) using a population-based nation-wide cohort database.

Method: Newly diagnosed patients with HF without previous stroke and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were enrolled. Based on the propensity scores matching age, sex and all comorbidities, our studies comprised 12 179 patients with HF and 12 179 patients without HF.

Repositioning of the β-Blocker Carvedilol as a Novel Autophagy Inducer That Inhibits the NLRP3 Inflammasome.

The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multiprotein complex that plays a key role in the innate immune system, and aberrant activation of this complex is involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. Carvedilol (CVL) is an α-, β-blocker used to treat high blood pressure and congestive heart failure; however, some benefits beyond decreased blood pressure were observed clinically, suggesting the potential anti-inflammatory activity of CVL. In this report, the inhibitory potential of CVL toward the NLRP3 inflammasome and the possible underlying molecular mechanisms were studied.