Tissue-Specific Distribution of Eggs in The Definitive Host Drives Transcriptomic and Behavioral Differences in Miracidia.

Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by human-infective schistosomes (Trematoda: ). Intestinal schistosomiasis in sub-Saharan Africa and the Neotropics is caused primarily by and is transmitted by several planorbid snail species. Adult male and female parasites in the definitive mammalian host pair and reside in the mesenteric vasculature; females lay eggs that traverse the intestinal wall to be excreted, but a significant proportion become trapped in host tissues, especially the liver, eliciting granulomatous immune responses that underlie most disease pathology.

Evaluating the Efficacy of Trapezius Transfer in the Management of Massive Rotator Cuff Tears: A Systematic Review of Clinical Outcomes.

Background: Massive irreparable rotator cuff tears are a significant challenge for shoulder function, with tendon transfers emerging as potential solutions.

Objective: This systematic review aims to comprehensively evaluate the current evidence on the outcomes of lower trapezius transfer for the treatment of massive rotator cuff tears.

Methods: This systematic review examines the use of trapezius transfer in managing these tears.

Quantitative ethology of schistosome miracidia characterizes a conserved snail peptide that inhibits penetration.

Over 700 million people are at risk of contracting schistosomiasis due to regular exposure to freshwater sources where infected snails, the obligate intermediate hosts of schistosomes, are endemic. Although mass drug administration of praziquantel effectively controls the disease in most regions, achieving elimination will require reducing populations of infected snails that shed the human-infective larval stage. Considerable effort has focused on parasite development and immunological responses after snail penetration, but comparatively little is known about the molecular and behavioral host seeking events that precede it, primarily due to technical and physical constraints.

Whole-genome sequencing of 1,083 HPV45 cases and controls identifies genetic variants associated with glandular cervical lesions.

Human papillomavirus type 45 (HPV45) causes ~6% of all cervical cancers and an even greater proportion of adenocarcinomas, the latter of which are challenging to detect using current cervical cancer screening. Little is known about how HPV45 genetic variation is related to the risk of cervical precancer/cancer. To investigate this, we whole-genome sequenced a total of 1,083 HPV45-positive samples from two large studies.

A GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE FOR WRMXPRESS 2.0 STREAMLINES HELMINTH PHENOTYPIC SCREENING.

Image-based phenotypic screening is a fundamental technique used to better understand the basic biology of helminths and advance discovery of new anthelmintics. Miniaturization of screening platforms and automated microscopy have led to a surge in imaging data and necessitated software to organize and analyze these data. Traditionally, these analyses are performed remotely on high-performance computers, often requiring an understanding of a command-line interface (CLI) and the ability to write scripts to control the software or job scheduler.

Mechanical Thrombectomy for the Management of Acute Branch Occlusions in Patients who Previously Underwent Fenestrated/Branched Endovascular Repair for Thoracoabdominal Aneurysm.

Background: Acute thrombosis of visceral artery branch stents represents a rare but potentially devastating complication among patients who have undergone fenestrated and branched endovascular repair (F/BEVAR) for the treatment of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA). There is limited data regarding the optimal management strategy in these patients. In this study, we describe the management and outcomes of patients who presented with this complication and were subsequently treated with the use of percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy.

A graphical user interface for wrmXpress 2.0 streamlines helminth phenotypic screening.

Image-based phenotypic screening is a fundamental technique used to better understand the basic biology of helminths and advance discovery of new anthelmintics. Miniaturization of screening platforms and automated microscopy have led to a surge in imaging data and necessitated software to organize and analyze these data. Traditionally, these analyses are performed remotely on high-performance computers, often requiring an understanding of a command line interface (CLI) and the ability to write scripts to control the software or job scheduler.

Acute complications after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty for treatment of cuff arthropathy versus fracture.

Background: Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) has become increasingly popular in recent years, and this trend is expected to continue. However, differences in outcomes of RTSA for fractures compared with other indications are poorly understood. This study aimed to identify the compare the incidences of adverse events during RTSA to treat cuff tear arthropathy (CTA) versus RTSA to treat fractures, as well as identify risk factors for any adverse event.

Total elbow and hip arthroplasties confer greater short-term risk of postoperative complications: a matched cohort analysis of the five major joint arthroplasties.

Background: Total joint arthroplasty (TJA) is a common orthopedic procedure.

Objective: The primary objective of this retrospective cohort study was to investigate 30-day postoperative complication rates following five major types of TJA (shoulder, elbow, hip, knee, ankle). Independent risk factors for adverse outcomes were also assessed.

Short-term Adverse Events Following Ankle Arthroplasty and Ankle Arthrodesis: A Matched Analysis of Recent Nationally Representative Data.

BackgroundSurgical management of ankle osteoarthritis (AOA) includes Ankle Arthrodesis (AA) or Total Ankle Arthroplasty (TAA). The purpose of this study was to analyze data from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Project (NSQIP) to elucidate differences in outcomes between TAA and AA.MethodsPatients who underwent TAA or AA from January 2010 to December 2020 were included in this analysis.

Effect of Aortic Thrombus on Outcomes Following Repair of Juxtarenal Aneurysms Using Physician Modified Endografts.

Objective: Studies have suggested that aortic thrombus may be associated with adverse outcomes following endovascular repair of aortic aneurysms, while other reports have suggested higher rates of sac regression and a reduced risk of endoleak. However, the effect of thrombus burden on outcomes following physician modified endografts (PMEGs) remains unknown. This study aimed to assess the volume and morphology of thrombus burden and the effect on outcomes following PMEG for juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Dual Plating of Distal Femoral Fractures.

Background: Dual plating of the distal femur is indicated for the treatment of complex intra-articular fractures, supracondylar femoral fractures, low periprosthetic fractures, and nonunions. The aim of this procedure is anatomical alignment of the articular surface, restoration of the articular block, and prevention of varus collapse.

Description: Following preoperative planning, the patient is positioned supine with the knee flexed at 30°.

Improved detection of low-frequency within-host variants from deep sequencing: A case study with human papillomavirus.

High-coverage sequencing allows the study of variants occurring at low frequencies within samples, but is susceptible to false-positives caused by sequencing error. Ion Torrent has a very low single nucleotide variant (SNV) error rate and has been employed for the majority of human papillomavirus (HPV) whole genome sequences. However, benchmarking of intrahost SNVs (iSNVs) has been challenging, partly due to limitations imposed by the HPV life cycle.

Femoral rotational osteotomy for femoroacetabular impingement: A systematic review.

Purpose: To synthesize existing literature regarding the indications and outcomes of femoral rotational osteotomies (FDO) for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) due to.

Methods: Medline, Cochrane, and Embase were searched using keywords "femoroacetabular impingement", "rotational osteotomy" and others to identify FAI patients undergoing FDO. Double-screened studies were reviewed by blinded authors according to inclusion criteria.

Posterior Approach for Open Reduction and Internal Fixation for Scapular Fractures.

Background: This technique utilizes a full-thickness flap to provide a posterior approach to the scapula for open reduction and internal fracture fixation. The present video article outlines the Judet approach along with an incision modification tip for the surgeon's consideration.

Description: Prior to making the incision, perform preoperative planning, patient and C-arm positioning, and identification of the primary fragments of the fracture that necessitate fixation on imaging.

Return to sport and active military duty after cervical disc arthroplasty: A systematic review.

Introduction: Cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) has been established as an effective treatment for cervical disc degeneration or herniation in the general population. Return to sport (RTS) outcomes in athletes remain unclear.

Objective: The purpose of this review was to evaluate RTS following single-level, multi-level, or hybrid CDA, with additional return to activity context provided by return to duty (RTD) outcomes in active-duty military.

Surgical Outcomes and Associated Injuries of Anterior Labroligamentous Periosteal Sleeve Avulsion (ALPSA) Lesions: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Anterior Labroligamentous Periosteal Sleeve Avulsion (ALPSA) lesions can lead to chronic shoulder instability and repetitive dislocations in active populations.

Objective: The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate associated injuries and postoperative outcomes following ALPSA lesion repairs.

Methods: Medline, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science were searched through May 2022 for studies that investigated management and surgical outcomes of ALPSA lesion repair.

Minimal Clinically Important Differences of Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Physical Function in Patients With Tibial Shaft Fracture.

Objective: To calculate the minimal clinically important differences (MCIDs) of patient-reported outcomes measurement information system physical function (PROMIS PF) scores for patients with operatively treated tibial shaft fractures.

Design: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Setting: A Level 1 trauma center.

Human papillomavirus genomics: Understanding carcinogenicity.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes virtually all cervical cancers and many cancers at other anatomical sites in both men and women. However, only 12 of 448 known HPV types are currently classified as carcinogens, and even the most carcinogenic type - HPV16 - only rarely leads to cancer. HPV is therefore necessary but insufficient for cervical cancer, with other contributing factors including host and viral genetics.

The Role of Cryotherapy After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review.

Background: Previous research shows conflicting evidence regarding the postoperative role of cryotherapy after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This systematic review aims to further investigate the effect of various methods of cryotherapy on the following: (1) pain; (2) swelling; (3) postoperative opioid use; and (4) range of motion (ROM).

Methods: A strategic keyword search of Medline, Cochrane, Embase, and CINAHL retrieved randomized controlled trials examining cryotherapy following TKA published between February 1, 2017, and February 24, 2022.

An Arthroscopic-assisted AC Joint Reconstruction and Hook Plate Fixation for the Treatment of AC Joint Dislocation: A Unique Surgical Technique.

Introduction: Acromioclavicular Joint (ACJ) dislocations can lead to increased pain and disability. On failure of conservative management, surgical intervention is often recommended. At present, there is no gold standard surgical technique to treat this pathology.

Indications, management, and outcomes of humeral avulsions of the glenohumeral ligament: a systematic review.

Purpose: To provide an updated overview of recent literature regarding the clinical indications, management, and outcomes of humeral avulsions of the glenohumeral ligament (HAGL) lesion.

Methods: Medline, Cochrane and Embase were systematically searched using keywords "humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament" and others to identify studies reporting on management of HAGL lesions. Studies were double-screened and reviewed by two blinded authors according to selection criteria.