An Ultrapotent, Ultraeconomical, Antifreeze Polypeptide.

The growth of large ice crystals during freeze and thaw events is a challenge in diverse settings from transportation and agriculture to foods and biomedicine. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of antifreeze polypeptides that inhibit ice crystal growth at µg concentrations are reported herein. The polypeptides, composed of Ala and Glu, are prepared using economical methodology, are stable after thermal events, are biodegradable, and are nontoxic to human cells.

Glycosylated Polyhydroxyproline Is a Potent Antifreeze Molecule.

Molecules that inhibit the growth of ice crystals are highly desirable for applications in building materials, foods, and agriculture. Antifreezes are particularly essential in biomedicine for tissue banking, yet molecules currently in use have known toxic effects. Antifreeze glycoproteins have evolved naturally in polar fish species living in subzero climates, but practical issues with collection and purification have limited their commercial use.

Integrating Wearable Sensors and Video to Determine Microlocation-Specific Physiologic and Motion Biometrics-Method Development for Competitive Climbing.

Competitive indoor climbing has increased in popularity at the youth, collegiate, and Olympic levels. A critical aspect for improving performance is characterizing the physiologic response to different climbing strategies (e.g.