Semiconductor Cluster with High Reduction Potential and Efficient Charge Transfer Enables Visible-Light-Driven Activation of Inert Organic Substrates.

Photoredox catalysis is an essential component of modern organic synthesis. However, current photocatalysts face the challenge of simultaneously requiring strong redox potentials and efficient charge transfer to meet the thermodynamic and kinetic demands of photoinduced electron transfer processes. Herein, we present an excellent reactivity mode for photocatalysis based on semiconductor clusters, exploiting the ideal Marcus parabola to couple potential and kinetic requirements.

[Arthroscopic treatment of tibial intercondylar ridge avulsion fracture with double-root line double tunnel fixation technique].

Objective: To discuss arthroscopic technique of double-root line double tunnel fixation for tibial intercondylar ridge avulsion fracture and its short-term followvup observational results.

Methods: From May 2012 to June 2017, 21 cases of tibial intercondylar ridge avulsion fractures were treated with arthroscope double line double tunnel. Among the patients, 16 males and 5 females were ranging in age from 17 to 45 years old, with an average of 29.