Evaluating the Effect of Hypoxia on Human Adult Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Chondrogenesis In Vitro A Systematic Review.

Human adult mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from a variety of sources may be used to repair defects in articular cartilage by inducing them into chondrogenic differentiation. The conditions in which optimal chondrogenic differentiation takes place are an area of interest in the field of tissue engineering. Chondrocytes exist in vivo in a normally hypoxic environment and thus it has been suggested that exposing MSCs to hypoxia may also contribute to a beneficial effect on their differentiation.

Quantitative analysis of the ACL and PCL using T1rho and T2 relaxation time mapping: an exploratory, cross-sectional comparison between OA and healthy control knees.

Background: Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods such as T1rho and T2 mapping are sensitive to changes in tissue composition, however their use in cruciate ligament assessment has been limited to studies of asymptomatic populations or patients with posterior cruciate ligament tears only. The aim of this preliminary study was to compare T1rho and T2 relaxation times of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) between subjects with mild-to-moderate knee osteoarthritis (OA) and healthy controls.

Methods: A single knee of 15 patients with mild-to-moderate knee OA (Kellgren-Lawrence grades 2-3) and of 6 age-matched controls was imaged using a 3.

Blood transfusion demands in a tertiary otolaryngology, head and neck centre: A 5-year retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: To retrospectively analyse and report the utilisation of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion in a tertiary otolaryngology, head and neck centre in the United Kingdom.

Background: Twenty-seven per cent of RBC transfusions were for surgical indications in a 2014 England and North Wales survey. Currently, there is limited literature on RBC transfusions in Otolaryngology.

Evaluating the Effect of Non-cellular Bioactive Glass-Containing Scaffolds on Osteogenesis and Angiogenesis in Animal Bone Defect Models.

The use of bone scaffolds to replace injured or diseased bone has many advantages over the currently used autologous and allogeneic options in clinical practice. This systematic review evaluates the current evidence for non-cellular scaffolds containing bioactive glass on osteogenesis and angiogenesis in animal bone defect models. Studies that reported results of osteogenesis via micro-CT and results of angiogenesis via Microfil perfusion or immunohistochemistry were included in the review.

Are the Biological and Biomechanical Properties of Meniscal Scaffolds Reflected in Clinical Practice? A Systematic Review of the Literature.

The aim of this PRISMA review was to assess whether the CMI and Actifit scaffolds, when used in clinical practice, improve clinical outcomes and demonstrate the ideal biological and biomechanical properties of scaffolds: being chondroprotective, porous, resorbable, able to mature and promote regeneration of tissue. This was done by only including studies that assessed clinical outcome and used a scale to assess both integrity of the scaffold and its effects on articular cartilage via MRI. A search was performed on PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and clinicaltrials.

Evaluating the Current Literature on Treatments Containing Adipose-Derived Stem Cells for Osteoarthritis: a Progress Update.

Purpose Of Review: Recent studies have investigated the effect of treatments containing adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) on human osteoarthritis. These have mostly used biologic adjuvants which may influence results. Thus, the purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the current literature on these treatments when used in isolation.