miR-6089 Alleviates Inflammation and Cell Apoptosis Through Modulating the TLR4 Pathway in Mite-Sensitized Allergic Rhinitis.

Purpose: Allergic rhinitis (AR), a chronic inflammatory disease of nasal mucosa, is considered as a classic Th2-mediated disease. We aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential of microRNAs (miRNAs) in AR.

Methods: Nasal mucosa was collected from patients with mite-sensitized AR and non-allergic controls for miRNA and mRNA sequencing.

Genetic variants in PD-1 and its ligands, gene-gene and gene-environment interactions in allergic rhinitis.

Background: The etiology of allergic rhinitis (AR), in which genetic and environmental factors are closely intertwined, has not yet been completely clarified. Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and its ligands (PD-L1 and PD-L2) regulate the immune and inflammatory responses during the development of immune-related and atopic diseases. To clarify the associations of genetic variants in PD-1, PD-L1 and PD-L2 with susceptibility to AR, gene-gene and gene-environment interactions were investigated.

Integrated machine learning and bioinformatic analysis of mitochondrial-related signature in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a prevalent inflammatory disorder affecting the upper respiratory tract. Recent studies have indicated an association between CRSwNP and mitochondrial metabolic disorder characterized by impaired metabolic pathways; however, the precise mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the mitochondrial-related signature in individuals diagnosed with CRSwNP.

Epigenetic modifications in chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps.

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has brought a huge socioeconomic burden. However, its mechanism is still elusive, which may involve genetic, environmental and some other factors. Epigenetic analyses have been conducted to explore the mechanisms underlying CRS.

A pilot study of viscoelastic agent to prevent recurrent vitreous hemorrhage after vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Background: To evaluate the possibilty of preventing recurrent vitreous hemorrhage (RVH) after vitrectomy in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) patients with unabsorbed vitreous hemorrhage (VH) by intravitreal injection of viscoelastic agent (VA) at the end of the surgery and compared its effect with triamcinolone acetonide (TA).

Methods: This was a pilot prospective, observational study. PDR patients with VH who underwent vitrectomy were assigned to 3 groups according to the tamponade applicated at the end of the surgery, including VA group (intravitreally injected 1 ml VA if the retina was prone to bleed during the operation), TA group (intravitreally injected 2 mg TA when there was much exudates), or balanced salt solution (BSS) group (no tamponade).

CircRNA expression profiles and circRNA-miRNA-mRNA crosstalk in allergic rhinitis.

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in inflammation; however, their role in allergic rhinitis (AR) remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed circRNA expression and identified a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network through which circRNAs regulate AR pathogenesis.

Methods: We analyzed circRNA, miRNA, and mRNA expression profiles in the nasal mucosa by high-throughput sequencing (HTS), using a fold-change >1.

Management of allergic rhinitis with leukotriene receptor antagonists versus selective H1-antihistamines: a meta-analysis of current evidence.

Background: Inconsistencies remain regarding the effectiveness and safety of leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs) and selective H1-antihistamines (SAHs) for allergic rhinitis (AR). A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to compare the medications.

Methods: Relevant head-to-head comparative RCTs were retrieved by searching the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane's Library databases from inception to April 20, 2020.

Ultrastructural study of closed macular hole- preliminary application of a novel high magnification module combining with OCT.

Background: As a novel high magnification module (HMM) combining with OCT (OCT-HMM) is able to detect the microstructure of retina, we apply it to explore the ultrastructure of the macula after closure of the idiopathic macular hole (IMH) by surgery.

Methods: This is an observational case series study in which patients with full-thickness IMHs who had undergone successful macular closure by vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane peeling and healthy subjects were recruited. After comprehensive ophthalmic examinations, the images of macular area were obtained and collected by professional operators using OCT-HMM.

Effect of long-term weightlessness on retina and optic nerve in tail-suspension rats.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of long-term weightlessness on retina and optic nerve in tail-suspension (TS) rats.

Methods: A stimulated weightlessness model was established by suspending rats' tail. After 12wk, the ultrastructure and the number of optic nerve axons were observed by transmission electron microscope.

[The experimental histopathologic changes of applying perfluoropropane to filtering surgery in rabbits].

Objective: To study the histopathologic changes of filtering blebs by subconjunctival application of perfluoropropane (C(3)F(8)) after trabeculectomy in rabbit eyes.

Methods: Twenty rabbits were randomly divided into two groups, each group consisting of 10 rabbits. Trabeculectomy with topical application of C(3)F(8) was performed on one eye and trabeculectomy alone on the other eye in first group.