Geometric Design of Interface Structures and Electrolyte Solvation Chemistry for Fast Charging Lithium-Ion Batteries.

The grain sizes of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and solvation structure of electrolytes can affect Li ion transport across SEI and control the desolvation kinetics of solvated Li ions during fast-charging of Li-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the impact of the geometric structure of SEI grains on the fast charging capability of LIBs is rarely examined. Here, the correlation between the SEI grain size and fast charging characteristics of cells is explored, and the desolvation kinetics is controlled by replacing the strongly binding ethylene carbonate (EC) solvent with a weakly binding nitrile-based solvent under fast charging conditions.

Electrolyte Design for High-Voltage Lithium-Metal Batteries with Synthetic Sulfonamide-Based Solvent and Electrochemically Active Additives.

Considering practical viability, Li-metal battery electrolytes should be formulated by tuning solvent composition similar to electrolyte systems for Li-ion batteries to enable the facile salt-dissociation, ion-conduction, and introduction of sacrificial additives for building stable electrode-electrolyte interfaces. Although 1,2-dimethoxyethane with a high-donor number enables the implementation of ionic compounds as effective interface modifiers, its ubiquitous usage is limited by its low-oxidation durability and high-volatility. Regulation of the solvation structure and construction of well-structured interfacial layers ensure the potential strength of electrolytes in both Li-metal and LiNiCoMnO (NCM811).

Acid- and Gas-Scavenging Electrolyte Additive Improving the Electrochemical Reversibility of Ni-Rich Cathodes in Li-Ion Batteries.

In view of their high theoretical capacities, nickel-rich layered oxides are promising cathode materials for high-energy Li-ion batteries. However, the practical applications of these oxides are hindered by transition metal dissolution, microcracking, and gas/reactive compound formation due to the undesired reactions of residual lithium species. Herein, we show that the interfacial degradation of the LiNiCoMnAlO (NCMA, + + = 0.

Paclitaxel-incorporated nanoparticles of hydrophobized polysaccharide and their antitumor activity.

The aim of this study was to characterize paclitaxel-incorporated polysaccharide nanoparticles and evaluate their antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo. Pullulan was hydrophobically modified using acetic anhydride to make the paclitaxel-incorporated nanoparticles. Pullulan acetate (PA) was used to encapsulate paclitaxel using the nanoprecipitation method.

Cytotoxicity of amphotericin B-incorporated polymeric micelles composed of poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide)/dextran graft copolymer.

In this study, we prepared amphotericin B (AmpB)-encapsulated polymeric micelle of poly(DL-lactideco-glycolide) (PLGA) grafted-dextran (DexLG) copolymer for the cytotoxicity test. The average particle size of AmpB-encapsulated DexLG polymeric micelles was around 30 approximately 70 nm and their morphology showed spherical shapes. Since aggregation states of AmpB are related to intrinsic cytotoxicity, prevention of AmpB aggregation in aqueous solution will provide low cytotoxicity and increased antimicrobial activity for the infectious disease.

Antitumor effect of adriamycin-encapsulated nanoparticles of poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide)-grafted dextran.

In this study, we prepared adriamycin (ADR)-encapsulated core-shell type nanoparticles of a poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) grafted-dextran (DexLG) copolymer and evaluated its antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo. The particle size of ADR-encapsulated DexLG nanoparticles was around 50-200 nm and the morphology was spherical shapes at transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation. Since reconstitution of lyophilized nanoparticles is essential to practical use in vivo, ADR-encapsulated DexLG nanoparticles were lyophilized and reconstituted them into deionized water.

Amphotericin B-incorporated polymeric micelles composed of poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide)/dextran graft copolymer.

In this study, we prepared amphotericin B (AmpB)-encapsulated polymeric micelle of poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) grafted-dextran (DexLG) copolymer and characterized its physicochemical properties in vitro. The average particle size of AmpB-encpasulated DexLG polymeric micelles was around 30-150nm while particle size of empty polymeric micelles was below 100nm according to the copolymer composition. The morphology of AmpB-encapsulated polymeric micelle of DexLG copolymer was spherical shapes at transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation.

Doxorubicin release from core-shell type nanoparticles of poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide)-grafted dextran.

In this study, we prepared core-shell type nanoparticles of a poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) grafted-dextran (DexLG) copolymer with varying graft ratio of PLGA. The synthesis of the DexLG copolymer was confirmed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The DexLG copolymer was able to form nanoparticles in water by self-aggregating process, and their particle size was around 50 nm approximately 300 nm according to the graft ratio of PLGA.

Adriamycin release from self-assembling nanospheres of poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide)-grafted pullulan.

Poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide)-graft pullulan (PuLG) was synthesized to produce a hydrophobically modified polysaccharide. Specific pullulan and poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) (abbreviated as PuLG) appeared in the peaks of the PuLG spectra on (1)H NMR spectroscopy, suggesting that PLGA was successively grafted to the pullulan backbone. PuLG nanospheres have a round shape with a particle size of about 75-150 nm.