Maintaining physical activity in older adults: The importance of health-specific control strategies.

The Lines-of-Defense model postulates that older adults should engage in important health goals and behaviors for as long as possible and adjust them downwardly only when they become impossible to pursue. This process is thought to be supported by goal engagement and self-protective control strategies. We tested this model in a 4-year longitudinal study of 236 older adults by predicting the maintenance of physical activity using accelerometers.

Improving adherence to physical activity in treatment-resistant depression: Protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial of a remotely delivered program.

Background: At least 30% of individuals with major depressive disorder do not respond to conventional treatments (i.e., they meet the criteria for treatment-resistant depression [TRD]).

One-on-one and group-based physical activity intervention compared to a waitlist control for post-secondary student mental health and social well-being: A 3-arm parallel randomized controlled trial protocol.

Introduction: Physical activity (PA) service provision in the post-secondary context is recognized as important for promoting student mental health. Nonetheless, most evidence is of poor quality and lacks critical information regarding how the PA programs are designed, delivered, and made accessible to students. This study will examine PA program effectiveness for student mental health and social well-being, as well as implementation processes to offer insight for future research and program scale-up.

Reflections and projections: 25 considerations for body image research in sport and exercise psychology.

This paper presents 25 key considerations for advancing research and practice on body image within sport and exercise psychology. Drawing from foundational work and emerging trends, we identify five core areas for progress: conceptualization, measurement, theory, intervention, and policy. First, clarity of key concepts is emphasized, particularly in distinguishing body image from related constructs such as eating disorders, and in advancing our understanding of identity and intersectionality.

Implementing exercise and self-management for women with breast cancer during treatment: results of the NEXT-BRCA randomized controlled trial.

The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility (recruitment, retention, and adherence rates) and effectiveness of institution-based exercise and self-management (SM) on physical activity (PA) level, exercise knowledge and intention, health status, functional capacity, patient engagement, and lower extremity strength for individuals with breast cancer receiving treatment. We conducted a hybrid implementation-effectiveness trial (type 1), including female participants with a current diagnosis of breast cancer undergoing treatment. Participants were randomized to (1) exercise and SM (EXSM; 8 in person exercise sessions and SM education), (2) SM only (8 sessions of SM), or (3) usual care (UC; no intervention).

Body-Related Emotions, Physical Activity, and Flourishing Among Males and Females: A Moderated Mediation Analysis.

This study tested direct and indirect associations between body-related self-conscious emotions (authentic pride, hubristic pride, shame, guilt), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and flourishing. Sex was tested as a moderator. Participants (N = 523; Mage = 35.

A single yoga session for anxiety and stress in adults with or without mental illnesses: A scoping review.

Introduction: While brief physical activity may be appealing to patients with mental illnesses who avoid multiple sessions, a comprehensive systematic evaluation of single yoga sessions remains unavailable. This scoping review aims to map the existing evidence on single yoga sessions for anxiety and stress in adults with and without mental illnesses.

Method: A systematic search of multiple electronic databases was conducted using keywords; "yoga," "single session," "anxiety," and "stress.

The associations between current and anticipatory weight-related shame and flourishing in adolescent girls in sport.

Flourishing (i.e., positive mental health reflecting positive social relationships and sense of purpose and optimism) is important for experiencing growth, resilience, and functioning - especially in sport.

Perfectionism and disordered eating in exercise and nutrition professionals: The role of self-compassion.

Disordered eating (DE) is more prevalent among exercise and nutrition professionals (ENPs) which may be partially due to heightened levels of perfectionism. Self-actualizing strategies such as self-compassion may offer protection against DE but are not well-understood among health and wellness professionals. This cross-sectional study investigated the associations between multidimensional perfectionism (self-oriented, socially prescribed, and other-oriented perfectionism) and a two-factor model of DE: (i) weight and shape concerns and (ii) food preoccupation, among ENPs (N = 93; mean age = 33.

Comparing the associations between body appearance and fitness self-conscious emotions across physical activity modalities: A multi-part study.

Body appearance and fitness self-conscious emotions have been identified as antecedents to aerobic physical activity. Including resistance training and statistically accounting for the co-occurrence of appearance and fitness emotions is essential for identifying which emotion facet may be more beneficial to target to facilitate different physical activities. This two-part study compared the associations among appearance and fitness self-conscious emotions (shame, guilt, envy, embarrassment, authentic pride, hubristic pride) and physical activity (strenuous, moderate, mild, resistance) among young adults.

The prospective associations between internalized weight bias and physical activity among adolescents.

This study examined the associations between internalized weight bias and physical activity (resistance training, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; MVPA) across weight perceptions over one year among Canadian adolescents. Participants in Years 10 (T1; 2021-2022) and 11 (T2; 2022-2023) of the COMPASS study completed a cross-sectional self-report survey each year (N = 23,574, M = 14.3 (SD = 1.

Connecting women who are diagnosed and treated for breast cancer to engage in physical activity: a two-arm randomized controlled trial.

Background: Women who are diagnosed and treated for breast cancer (WBC) encounter barriers engaging in adequate physical activity (PA). Pairing WBC with PA partners is a feasible approach to promote social support, potentially increasing PA levels. However, WBC may not perceive to have the expertise required to facilitate PA behavior.

Coaches Say Lighter Is Better, but at What Cost? A Qualitative Exploration of the Lingering Impact of Body Image on Disordered Eating in Retired Elite Women Athletes.

Women athletes often experience body dissatisfaction and disordered eating, contributing to a heightened risk of developing an eating disorder throughout their athletic career. Yet, the experiences of body image and disordered eating are not understood in retirement from sport. A qualitative description study with semi-structured interviews was used to describe body image and disordered eating in eight retired elite women athletes from various sports.

Daily Bursts of Body-Related Self-Conscious Emotions Relate to Attention and Reaction Time in Adolescents.

Body-related self-conscious emotions (e.g., shame, guilt, envy, and embarrassment), which are particularly salient in sport, are foundational to adolescents' attention and performance.

Modeling associations between physical recreation engagement and correlates of post-secondary student psychosocial well-being: Exploring differences among students living with and without a mental health condition.

The purpose of the study was to examine on-campus physical recreation engagement as a student-life activity for supporting post-secondary student psychosocial well-being, physical activity (PA) guideline adherence, and academic achievement among post-secondary students. The study aimed to: (1) test a comprehensive model examining associations between engagement in on-campus physical recreation, psychosocial well-being outcomes (campus climate, social support, loneliness, psychological distress), PA guideline adherence, and academic achievement; and (2) explore model differences in the associations among students living with and without a mental health condition. Cross-sectional data from the national spring 2023 Canadian Campus Well-Being Survey were used.

Implementing physical activity for individuals with cancer during treatment: protocol for the IMPACT implementation-effectiveness trial.

Introduction: The prevalence of cancer in Canada is growing, leading to multiple lasting side effects in survivors. The physical and psychosocial benefits of regular physical activity (PA) during and after treatment for individuals with cancer are well established, however, not well implemented in a clinical setting. The overall aim of this project is to build on previous work and conduct a multicentred randomised controlled trial (RCT) and evaluate the effectiveness of a novel implementation strategy using PA and self-management versus usual care during cancer treatment.

A body image training program for health professionals: A single group pre-post evaluation.

Health professionals (HPs) often overlook the complexity of body image. The Body Image Fundamentals program was designed to enhance HPs' knowledge and skills in managing body image concerns. The online program was evaluated over 16 weeks using a single-group pre-post design based on Kirkpatrick's Four-Level Training Model.

Weight-Inclusive Physical Activity: A Systematic Evaluation of Virtual Resources.

Background: Higher-weight individuals report lower rates of physical activity behavior and poorer physical activity experiences compared with their normative-weight counterparts, likely owing to the pervasiveness of weight stigma in physical activity contexts. Employing weight-inclusive strategies may improve physical activity outcomes, though little is known about the practical application of weight-inclusive principles in physical activity contexts. Furthermore, given the prominence of virtual methods of information dissemination, exploring online weight-inclusive resources is valuable.

The Relationships Between Body-Related Emotion Intolerance and Restrictive Eating as a Function of Multidimensional Perfectionism.

Objective: Emotion intolerance and perfectionism are two maintaining mechanisms to eating disorder symptomology. However, it is unclear how these mechanisms relate to one another. This study explored whether perfectionism is a vulnerability factor for facets of restrictive eating in the context of body-related emotions.

Associations among negative weight-related experiences, weight bias internalization, and body-related self-conscious emotions in adolescents: A daily diary study.

Introduction: The present study examined the between- and within-person associations among negative weight-related experiences, weight bias internalization, and body shame, embarrassment, and pride in adolescents.

Methods: Participants were 93 Canadian students (M = 15.54, 59.

A pilot randomized controlled trial of a virtual peer-support exercise intervention for female older adults with cancer.

Background: Regular exercise can mitigate side effects of cancer treatment. However, only a small proportion of adults with cancer meet exercise guidelines, and older adults (> 65 years) are underrepresented in cancer rehabilitation research. Peer support facilitates health-promoting behaviours in general populations, but interventions merging exercise and peer support for older adults with cancer are not examined.

Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction as Correlates of Physical Activity Trajectories During Adolescence.

This analysis aimed to (1) identify longitudinal joint trajectories of participation in organized and unorganized physical activity contexts, and level of daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and (2) assess whether basic psychological need satisfaction during adolescence differentiates between membership in different physical activity trajectories. Participants (n = 888; 56% girls) reported their involvement in 36 different physical activities, level of MVPA, and their perceived satisfaction of competence, autonomy, and relatedness satisfaction in physical activity up to three times per year, over 8 years (from ages 10 to 17 years). Group-based multi-trajectory models were used to identify longitudinal joint trajectories of physical activity participation.