Anatomical Variables of the Superior Thyroid Artery on Computed Tomography Angiograms.

: The superior thyroid artery (STA) typically has its origin inferiorly to the greater hyoid horn (GHHB) either from the external carotid artery (ECA) or from the carotid bifurcation (CB) or the common carotid artery (CCA). We aimed to determine the topographic variants of the STA related to the GHHB and the artery of origin and to check their bilateral symmetry. Determinations were performed in a sample of 85 archived angio CT adult cases, comprising 53 men and 32 women.

Aberrant courses of the occipital artery.

Purpose: The occipital artery (OA), typically arising from the external carotid artery (ECA), usually courses deep to the posterior belly of the digastric muscle as it ascends toward the skull base. While variations in the height of origin from the ECA are known, aberrant courses of the OA have not been previously documented.

Methods: This study presents a four-case series identified through retrospective analysis of archived CT angiograms involving three female and one male patient, aged between 57 and 66.

Retropharyngeal course of the superior thyroid artery - a novel finding.

Purpose: The anatomical variables of the superior thyroid artery (STA) are well-studied. It typically leaves the external carotid artery (ECA) and descends on the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle to reach the thyroid lobe. We serendipitously found a novel possibility: the bilateral retropharyngeal course of the STA, which we report here.

Jugular bulb anatomical variations and pneumatization patterns: a comprehensive CBCT analysis.

Purpose: This study aims to assess the anatomical possibilities of the jugular bulb (JB).

Methods: Fifty archived CBCT scans were analyzed.

Results: The average distance between the internal acoustic canal (IAC) and the JB was 7.

Superior laryngeal artery originating from the lingual artery.

In most cases, the superior laryngeal artery (SLA) branches from the superior thyroid artery, which, in turn, leaves the external carotid artery. Few dissection studies found previously that the SLA could originate from the lingual artery. We report here probably the first evidence of such a rare anatomical variation found unilaterally in a retrospectively evaluated by computed tomography angiography adult male case.

The Diversity of the Linguofacial Trunk.

: Typically, the external carotid artery (ECA) sends off separate anterior branches: the superior thyroid, lingual, and facial arteries. These could, however, form common trunks: thyrolinguofacial, linguofacial (LFT), or thyrolingual. Although known, the LFT variant was poorly detailed previously, and most authors just counted the variant.

The retromandibular loop of the external carotid artery.

Background: The external carotid artery (ECA) is a major artery of the head and neck. Although numerous studies describe the variability of ECA branches, the course variation of the ECA was seemingly overlooked. It was aimed to study the morphological possibilities of the retromandibular segment of the ECA.

The Maxillary Artery Loops Dangerously Approaching the Mandible's Lingula and Inferior Orbital Fissure.

The maxillary artery (MA) leaves from the external carotid artery and further courses through the infratemporal fossa to reach the pterygopalatine fossa. It typically has an ascending course either on the lateral or on the medial side of the inferior bundle of the lateral pterygoid muscle. While studying retrospectively, the computed tomography angiogram of an adult male case with peculiar tortuosities of the MA was documented.