The skeletal muscle fiber periphery: A nexus of mTOR-related anabolism.

Skeletal muscle anabolism is driven by numerous stimuli such as growth factors, nutrients (i.e., amino acids, glucose), and mechanical stress.

Trained Integrated Postexercise Myofibrillar Protein Synthesis Rates Correlate with Hypertrophy in Young Males and Females.

Purpose: Resistance training induces skeletal muscle hypertrophy via the summated effects of postexercise elevations in myofibrillar protein synthesis (MyoPS) that persist for up to 48 h, although research in females is currently lacking. MyoPS is regulated by mTOR translocation and colocalization; however, the effects of resistance training on these intracellular processes are unknown. We hypothesized that MyoPS would correlate with hypertrophy only after training in both sexes and would be associated with intracellular redistribution of mTOR.

Incorporation of Dietary Amino Acids Into Myofibrillar and Sarcoplasmic Proteins in Free-Living Adults Is Influenced by Sex, Resistance Exercise, and Training Status.

Background: Acute exercise increases the incorporation of dietary amino acids into de novo myofibrillar proteins after a single meal in controlled laboratory studies in males. It is unclear whether this extends to free-living settings or is influenced by training or sex.

Objectives: We determined the effects of exercise, training status, and sex on 24-hour free-living dietary phenylalanine incorporation into skeletal muscle proteins.

An Acute Reduction in Habitual Protein Intake Attenuates Post Exercise Anabolism and May Bias Oxidation-Derived Protein Requirements in Resistance Trained Men.

Protein recommendations for resistance-trained athletes are generally lower than their habitual intakes. Excess protein consumption increases the capacity to oxidize amino acids, which can attenuate post-exercise anabolism and may impact protein requirements determined by stable isotope techniques predicated on amino acid tracer oxidation. We aimed to determine the impact of an acute (5d) reduction in dietary protein intake on post-exercise anabolism in high habitual consumers using the indicator amino acid oxidation (IAAO) technique.