The relationship between occupation and specific forms of idiopathic adult-onset dystonia.

Background: The development of idiopathic adult-onset dystonia (IAOD) in different body parts is associated with specific demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as with specific risk factors.

Objective: To investigate whether specific occupations are associated with specific forms of IAOD at onset, namely blepharospasm (BSP), cervical dystonia (CD), and task-specific upper limb dystonia (TS-ULD).

Methods: Data from 905 IAOD patients enrolled in the Italian Dystonia Registry were analysed.

Phenotypic comparison between combined dystonia-parkinsonism and idiopathic adult-onset dystonia.

The clinical characteristics of dystonia occurring in association with sporadic neurodegenerative parkinsonism have not been systematically explored or compared with those of idiopathic adult-onset dystonia. This study aims to compare demographic and clinical features, including the distribution of dystonia at onset, dystonia-associated features, and the propensity for spread between patients with combined dystonia-parkinsonism and those with idiopathic adult-onset dystonia. Patients were selected from the Italian Dystonia Registry.

Integrated management of atypical parkinsonism: a home-based patient-centered healthcare delivery based on telenursing-the IMPACT study protocol.

Background: People with atypical parkinsonism, such as multiple system atrophy and progressive supranuclear palsy, experience a wide range of motor and non-motor symptoms associated with the increasing complexity of care delivery and the increased risk of complications and hospital admissions.

Objectives: To investigate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a 12-month remote home-based integrated program aiming to improve healthcare delivery coordinated by a nurse specialized in the management of individuals with atypical parkinsonism (parkinsonism nurse specialist, PKNS) compared to the standard-of-care model.

Design: Multicenter, randomized, single-blind, controlled clinical trial involving 164 individuals with atypical parkinsonism.

Does sex influence the natural history of idiopathic adult-onset dystonia?

Background: Several earlier studies showed a female predominance in idiopathic adult-onset dystonia (IAOD) affecting the craniocervical area and a male preponderance in limb dystonia. However, sex-related differences may result from bias inherent to study design. Moreover, information is lacking on whether sex-related differences exist in expressing other dystonia-associated features and dystonia spread.

Do cerebrovascular risk factors impact the clinical expression of idiopathic isolated adult-onset dystonia?

Background: Although acquired dystonia may develop following ischaemic/haemorrhagic stroke, the relationship between cerebrovascular disease and idiopathic dystonia has been poorly investigated. This cross sectional study aimed at evaluating the impact of cerebrovascular risk factors on the clinical expression of idiopathic adult onset dystonia (IAOD), with reference to dystonia localization and dystonia-associated features.

Methods: Data were obtained from the Italian Dystonia Registry.

Clinical correlates of "pure" essential tremor: the TITAN study.

Background: To date, there are no large studies delineating the clinical correlates of "pure" essential tremor (ET) according to its new definition.

Methods: From the ITAlian tremor Network (TITAN) database, we extracted data from patients with a diagnosis of "pure" ET and excluded those with other tremor classifications, including ET-plus, focal, and task-specific tremor, which were formerly considered parts of the ET spectrum.

Results: Out of 653 subjects recruited in the TITAN study by January 2022, the data of 208 (31.

Phenotypic Variability in Acquired and Idiopathic Dystonia.

Background: To date, a few studies have systematically investigated differences in the clinical spectrum between acquired and idiopathic dystonias.

Objectives: To compare demographic data and clinical features in patients with adult-onset acquired and idiopathic dystonias.

Methods: Patients were identified from among those included in the Italian Dystonia Registry, a multicenter Italian dataset of patients with adult-onset dystonia.

The Italian tremor Network (TITAN): rationale, design and preliminary findings.

Introduction: The recently released classification has revised the nosology of tremor, defining essential tremor (ET) as a syndrome and fueling an enlightened debate about some newly conceptualized entities such as ET-plus. As a result, precise information of demographics, clinical features, and about the natural history of these conditions are lacking.

Methods: The ITAlian tremor Network (TITAN) is a multicenter data collection platform, the aim of which is to prospectively assess, according to a standardized protocol, the phenomenology and natural history of tremor syndromes.

Essential tremor and cognitive impairment: who, how, and why.

Background And Aims: Recent years have witnessed the switch from considering essential tremor (ET) a monosymptomatic disorder to consider it as part of a spectrum, including other neurological signs, such as mild cognitive impairment and dementia, thus defining it as "ET plus." There are few data on cognitive impairment in ET patients. The aim of this review is to analyze the clinical characteristics of ET patients developing cognitive impairment, their neuropsychological profile, the underpinning mechanisms, and the possible biomarkers.

Cortical Excitability and Connectivity in Patients With Brain Tumors.

Brain tumors can cause different changes in excitation and inhibition at the neuronal network level. These changes can be generated from mechanical and cellular alterations, often manifesting clinically as seizures. The effects of brain tumors on cortical excitability (CE) have not yet been well-evaluated.

Spread of segmental/multifocal idiopathic adult-onset dystonia to a third body site.

Background: Adult-onset focal dystonia can spread to involve one, or less frequently, two additional body regions. Spread of focal dystonia to a third body site is not fully characterized.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from the Italian Dystonia Registry, enrolling patients with segmental/multifocal dystonia involving at least two parts of the body or more.

Pimozide and pancreatic cancer in diabetic chorea: a case report.

Purpose/aim: Diabetic chorea is a rare movement disorder associated with diabetes mellitus. We report the case of a patient that benefited from pimozide and died of pancreatic cancer.

Case Report: A 70-year-old woman presented with pollakiuria and involuntary movements of left limbs since three months.

Diagnostic utility of Sudoscan for detecting bortezomib-induced painful neuropathy: a study on 18 patients with multiple myeloma.

Introduction: In the past few years, treatment of multiple myeloma has undergone a deep change for the employment of novel treatment comprising proteasome inhibitors. Bortezomib is a first-line drug in therapy of multiple myeloma. The onset of peripheral neuropathy is a dose-limiting collateral effect of the drug.

Multimodal Surgical Treatment of High-Grade Gliomas in the Motor Area: The Impact of the Combination of Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Fluorescein-Guided Resection.

Background: Fluorescein-guided surgery of high-grade gliomas (HGGs) increases the extent of tumor resection but its efficacy has been questioned, especially for tumors located close to functional networks. In these cases, navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) may be used to plan and guide a safe resection. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of these techniques combined with intraoperative neurophysiologic mapping (IONM) to achieve the maximal safe resection of tumors located in the motor area.

Endogenous orientation of visual attention in auditory space.

Visuospatial attention is asymmetrically distributed with a leftward bias (i.e. pseudoneglect), while evidence for asymmetries in auditory spatial attention is still controversial.

Is There a Future for Non-invasive Brain Stimulation as a Therapeutic Tool?

Several techniques and protocols of non-invasive transcranial brain stimulation (NIBS), including transcranial magnetic and electrical stimuli, have been developed in the past decades. These techniques can induce long lasting changes in cortical excitability by promoting synaptic plasticity and thus may represent a therapeutic option in neuropsychiatric disorders. On the other hand, despite these techniques have become popular, the fragility and variability of the after effects are the major challenges that non-invasive transcranial brain stimulation currentlyfaces.

Pain processing in functional and idiopathic dystonia: An exploratory study.

Background: Pain is often experienced by patients with functional dystonia and idiopathic cervical dystonia and is likely to be determined by different neural mechanisms.

Objective: In this exploratory study, we tested the sensory-discriminative and cognitive-emotional component of pain in patients with functional and idiopathic dystonia.

Methods: Ten patients with idiopathic cervical dystonia, 12 patients with functional dystonia, and 16 age- and sex-matched healthy controls underwent psychophysical testing of tactile and pain thresholds and pain tolerance.

Biased Visuospatial Attention in Cervical Dystonia.

Objectives: There is increasing evidence of non-motor, sensory symptoms, mainly involving the spatial domain, in cervical dystonia (CD). These manifestations are likely driven by dysfunctional overactivity of the parietal cortex during the execution of a sensory task. Few studies also suggest the possibility that visuospatial attention might be specifically affected in patients with CD.