Modeling the Impact of Antimicrobial Resistance on Medical Preparedness and Response for a Nuclear or Radiological Public Health Emergency.

Objective: Antimicrobial resistant infections are expected to increase the rate of antibiotic treatment failure in patients during a mass casualty incident. We aim to examine the potential impact of rising antimicrobial resistance (AMR) on medical preparedness and response to a nuclear detonation in the United States (U.S.

Effects of age, hemoglobin type and parasite strain on IgG recognition of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes in Malian children.

Background: Naturally-acquired antibody responses to antigens on the surface of Plasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cells (iRBCs) have been implicated in antimalarial immunity. To profile the development of this immunity, we have been studying a cohort of Malian children living in an area with intense seasonal malaria transmission.

Methodology/principal Findings: We collected plasma from a sub-cohort of 176 Malian children aged 3-11 years, before (May) and after (December) the 2009 transmission season.

Abnormal PfEMP1/knob display on Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes containing hemoglobin variants: fresh insights into malaria pathogenesis and protection.

Hemoglobin (Hb) variants are associated with reduced risk of life-threatening Plasmodium falciparum malaria syndromes, including cerebral malaria and severe malarial anemia. Despite decades of research, the mechanisms by which common Hb variants - sickle HbS, HbC, α-thalassemia, fetal HbF - protect African children against severe and fatal malaria have not been fully elucidated. In vitro experimental and epidemiological data have long suggested that Hb variants do not confer malaria protection by restricting the growth of parasites in red blood cells (RBCs).