International reporting guidelines for tear fluid research: A Delphi consensus.

Purpose: Tear fluid is a valuable biomarker source for diagnostics, monitoring, and screening thanks to its minimally invasive, inexpensive, and rapid collection. However, the lack of standardized reporting has hindered reproducibility in the field. To address these challenges, this study aimed to establish international consensus-based reporting guidelines tailored to tear fluid research.

A pilot study on SMILE-derived lenticule patch implantation: stromal augmentation for various corneal pathologies.

Objective: To evaluate the initial clinical outcomes of a small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE)-derived lenticule patch graft for the management of corneal defects.

Methods: Patients who underwent SMILE-derived lenticule patch graft implantation with sutures between 2016 and 2020 at 2 different tertiary-care referral hospitals were evaluated retrospectively. The etiology, logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR)-equivalent best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and globe integrity were evaluated.

Improvement of Clinical Findings, Meibography and Tear Film Parameters in Pediatric Ocular Rosacea Patients After a Standard Treatment Protocol.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to illustrate the changes in ocular findings, meibography, and tear break-up time (TBUT) values in pediatric patients with ocular rosacea following a standardized treatment.

Methods: The study included consecutive patients diagnosed with ocular rosacea, referred to a tertiary hospital between 2021 and 2023. Each patient underwent biomicroscopic examinations, non-invasive TBUT assessments, corneal fluorescein staining (evaluated using the Oxford scoring system), and meibography.

Altered Corneal Biomechanics According to the Biomechanical E-Staging in Pellucid Marginal Degeneration.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate corneal biomechanics in pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD) compared with healthy controls using Corvis ST (Oculus, Germany) by using the new biomechanical E-staging (based on the Corvis Biomechanical Factor, the linearized Corvis Biomechanical Index) together with tomographic parameters.

Methods: Corneal biomechanical and topographic data of 75 eyes of 75 patients with PMD and 75 eyes of 75 age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls were investigated. Topographic parameters (K1, K2, Kmax, central corneal thickness (CCT), and Belin/Ambrósio Deviation Index (BAD-D) were evaluated in dependence of and correlated with the biomechanically defined E-stages.

Effect of Ptosis Surgery on Tear Oxidative Stress Levels in Patients with Blepharoptosis and Pseudoptosis.

Objectives: Investigation of the surgical correction effect on tear film functions and tear oxidative stress levels in patients with blepharoptosis and pseudoptosis.

Methods: Sixty patients with blepharoptosis or pseudoptosis due to dermatochalasis and 30 healthy controls were included in the study. Forty eyes underwent upper blepharoplasty and 20 eyes underwent levator surgery.

Anterior chamber intraocular lens removal combined with triple DMEK: Quadruple DMEK for bullous keratopathy.

Purpose: To present the outcomes of a patient with anterior chamber intraocular lens (ACIOL) related endothelial decompensation who underwent Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) and cataract surgery with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in the capsular bag (so-called DMEK) combined with ACIOL removal ( DMEK) in both eyes.

Methods: Case report.

Results: A 58-year-old female patient was referred due to decreased visual acuity within the last 18 months.

Conjunctival Microbiota and Blepharitis Symptom Scores in Patients With Ocular Rosacea.

Purpose: Investigation of the relationship between blepharitis-related symptom scores, tear film functions, and conjunctival microbiota in patients with ocular rosacea (OR) compared with healthy controls was aimed.

Methods: Consecutive 33 eyes of 33 patients with OR who were admitted from the dermatology clinic and age-matched and gender-matched 30 healthy controls were included in the study. Tear breakup time (TBUT), Schirmer score, and blepharitis symptom score (BLISS) were recorded for each patient.

Endoscopic Endonasal Optic Nerve Decompression in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: When to Implement Optic Nerve Sheath Fenestration.

Background And Objective: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a syndrome characterized with increased intracranial pressure and normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) composition. Treatment is mainly conservative, whereas CSF diversion surgery is the most frequently used surgical intervention. Endoscopic endonasal optic nerve decompression (EOND) is a newer surgical treatment of this patient group.

Detecting the corneal neovascularisation area using artificial intelligence.

Aims: To create and assess the performance of an artificial intelligence-based image analysis tool for the measurement and quantification of the corneal neovascularisation (CoNV) area.

Methods: Slit lamp images of patients with CoNV were exported from the electronic medical records and included in the study. An experienced ophthalmologist made manual annotations of the CoNV areas, which were then used to create, train and evaluate an automated image analysis tool that uses deep learning to segment and detect CoNV areas.

The Effect of Prolactinoma on Tear Film Function.

Objectives: To compare dry eye parameters in prolactinoma patients and healthy controls and evaluate their correlation with prolactin (PRL) levels and the duration of hyperprolactinemia.

Materials And Methods: Consecutive patients with prolactinoma and healthy controls were included in the study. Schirmer, tear break-up time (TBUT), tear osmolarity values, and ocular surface disease index (OSDI) scores were evaluated for each patient.

Interobserver and Intraobserver Agreements of the Detection of Infestation by Confocal Microscopy.

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to determine interobserver and intraobserver agreement, repeatability, and intrasubject variation of the detection of Demodex infestation in eyelids of blepharitis patients using in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM).

Methods: Eighty-three eyes of 42 blepharitis patients were included in the study. All eyelids were evaluated from temporal to nasal with IVCM using section mode and 10 lashes with their follicles were imagined, and every image with suspicion of Demodex infestation was recorded.

Orbital compartment syndrome secondary to retrobulbar hematoma after infratrochlear nerve block for nasolacrimal probing.

After infratrochlear nerve block for nasolacrimal probing, sudden vision loss, proptosis, pain, loss of light reflexes, and a total limitation of ocular movement was observed in a 71-year-old female patient. She was diagnosed with retrobulbar hemorrhage and orbital compartment syndrome (OCS). Lateral canthotomy, cantholysis, and medial orbitotomy were performed on the patient.

Comparison of Endoscopically Assisted Primary Probing and Bicanalicular Silicone Intubation for Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction in Children Aged 4 to 7 Years.

Purpose: To compare the clinical outcomes of primary nasolacrimal duct probing and primary bicanalicular intubations with endoscopic assistance for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) in children aged 4 to 7 years.

Methods: Forty-three eyes of 43 children (25 boys and 18 girls) with congenital epiphora who underwent primary unilateral probing and bicanalicular intubation were evaluated retrospectively. The tubes were removed 3 to 4 months after their placement, and the children were followed up for another 6 months after their removal.

Central Corneal Thickness Measurements with Different Imaging Devices: Ultrasound Pachymetry, Noncontact Specular Microscopy, and Tono-Pachymetry.

Objectives: Investigation of the compatibility between central corneal thickness (CCT) measurements in healthy eyes by comparing standard ultrasound pachymetry (USP) with noncontact tono-pachymetry (NCT) and specular microscopy (SM) devices was aimed.

Methods: Forty-five eyes of 45 healthy volunteers aged between 18 and 60 years were included in this study. CCT of all cases was evaluated with USP, NCT, and SM devices.

Diffuse Corneal Edema after Uneventful Pterygium Surgery: Toxic Anterior Segment Syndrome or Toxic Keratopathy?

A 29-year-old woman was referred to our department for corneal edema after uneventful pterygium excision surgery with conjunctival autografting. She was prescribed topical dexamethasone and showed a complete response within 2 weeks of treatment. Specular microscopic examination revealed severe endothelial cell loss in the operated eye.

Evaluation of the impact of subepithelial corneal infiltrates on corneal biomechanics after epidemic keratoconjunctivitis.

Purpose: To examine the effect of subepithelial corneal infiltrates on corneal biomechanical properties after epidemic keratoconjunctivitis compared to that in healthy controls.

Methods: The cross-sectional study included consecutive patients with bilateral subepithelial corneal infiltrates after epidemic keratoconjunctivitis and healthy controls. Best corrected visual acuity corneal subepithelial infiltrate scoring Fantes grading scale, and central corneal thickness were measured.

Swabs Containing Tea Tree Oil and Chamomile Oil Versus Baby Shampoo in Patients With Seborrheic Blepharitis: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.

Purpose: The comparison of the efficacy of swabs containing tea tree oil and chamomile oil and baby shampoo (BS) in the treatment of seborrheic blepharitis was aimed.

Methods: This randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, active control, multicenter clinical trial included patients with seborrheic blepharitis using block randomization (BS, n=23; swabs, n=26). Patients were treated with BS or swabs for 8 weeks followed by 4 weeks of treatment withdrawal.

Corneal Endothelial Changes in Patients With Primary Congenital Glaucoma.

Prcis: Specular microscopic parameters were found to be decreased in patients with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG). Patients with PCG and Haab striae had lower endothelial cell density (ECD) and central corneal thickness (CCT) than those without Haab striae did. The type of surgery (viscogoniotomy, viscotrabeculotomy, or combined viscotrabeculotomy and trabeculectomy) did not affect specular microscopic parameters.

Randomized double-blind trial of wipes containing terpinen-4-ol and hyaluronate versus baby shampoo in seborrheic blepharitis patients.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of lid wipes (LWs) containing terpinen-4-ol and sodium hyaluronate (Hy-ter) for the treatment of seborrheic blepharitis compared to baby shampoo (BS).

Methods: This randomized, double-blind, active control, parallel group, multicentre clinical trial included 48 eyes of 48 patients with seborrheic blepharitis who were randomly divided into two treatment arms (1:1, n = 24) using block randomization. LWs or BS were prescribed twice a day for 8 weeks followed by a discontinuation period of 4 weeks.

Lacrimal gland enlargement and tear film changes in acromegaly patients: A controlled study.

Purpose: Evaluation of the lacrimal gland volume (LGV) and its correlation with tear film functions, serum growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels in acromegaly patients compared to a control group was aimed.

Methods: This prospective case-control study included the eyes of 38 patients with uncontrolled (UA) and 48 patients with controlled acromegaly (CA) and 44 patients with nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma. LGV of the patients was evaluated at the baseline, 3rd, and 6th-month visits with magnetic resonance imaging.

In Vivo Confocal Microscopy in Blepharitis Patients with Ocular Demodex Infestation.

Purpose: To compare corneal in-vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) findings in patients with seborrheic blepharitis with healthy controls and to evaluate the correlation with the load.

Methods: Sixty-two positive seborrheic blepharitis patients and 24 controls were included. Four eyelashes from each eye were examined.

Investigation of the Lid Infestation with in Vivo Confocal Microscopy versus Light Microscopy in Patients with Seborrheic Blepharitis.

Aim: The comparison of the diagnostic efficiency of a reference method (light microscopy [LM] using 10% potassium hydroxide [KOH]) with the use of 100% alcohol to confocal microscopy (IVCM) for the detection of eyelid infestation in seborrheic blepharitis patients.

Methods: Eyelashes were epilated from the right eyes for the reference method and the left eyes for the alcohol group in 58 eyes of 29 patients. IVCM was used on the left eyes.