Sex differences in the acute effects of cannabis on human cognition: A systematic review.

Acute cannabis exposure can transiently impair cognitive performance, increasing the risk of accidental injury and potentially disrupting activities of daily living. Although sex differences in responses to cannabis have been reported, no systematic review has examined whether these extend to acute cognitive effects. Our primary aim was to examine sex differences in the acute effects of cannabis (including isolated delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol [THC]) on cognition in humans.

Effects of naturalistic doses of cannabis edibles on cognition and association with blood THC.

Background: Smoked cannabis is known to have effects on cognitive function. The use of edibles is on the rise yet there are few studies of the effects of edibles on cognitive function. Further, most studies of cannabis used fixed laboratory doses which may not capture some of the nuances of more naturalistic doses.

Association of driving with blood delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol: a systematic review.

Importance: Driving under the influence of cannabis increases the risk of motor vehicle collisions. In some jurisdictions, deterrence rests on the ability to detect delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in blood. Recent evidence suggests that there may be a nuanced relationship of blood THC to driving.

Exploring perceived gender norms about cannabis among treatment-seeking adults in the era of cannabis legalization in Canada: A qualitative analysis.

Introduction: Prevalence of cannabis use has historically been higher among men than among women, yet the past few decades have seen a significant narrowing of this gender gap. The narrowing gender gap is likely attributable to multiple factors, including global and regional shifts in gender norms related to cannabis, which may be influenced by legalization of recreational cannabis use in many countries, including in Canada where the present study took place. The goal of this study was to explore perceived gender norms about cannabis use and how these norms might influence behavior.

Participant Fraud in Virtual Qualitative Substance Use Research: Recommendations and Considerations for Detection and Prevention Based on a Case Study.

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated and amplified the use of virtual research methods. While online research has several advantages, it also provides greater opportunity for individuals to misrepresent their identities to fraudulently participate in research for financial gain. Participant deception and fraud have become a growing concern for virtual research.

Cannabis and Driving in Older Adults.

Importance: Epidemiological studies have found that cannabis increases the risk of a motor vehicle collision. Cannabis use is increasing in older adults, but laboratory studies of the association between cannabis and driving in people aged older than 65 years are lacking.

Objective: To investigate the association between cannabis, simulated driving, and concurrent blood tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) levels in older adults.

Risk Perception of Traffic Accidents Due to Alcohol and Marijuana Use in Mexican College Students.

Driving under the influence (DUI) of alcohol and other drugs is a common occurrence in Western societies. Alcohol consumption is related to 15% of fatal injuries in traffic accidents worldwide, with those DUI of alcohol being up to 18 times more likely to be involved in a fatal accident. Evidence for DUI of alcohol or marijuana among the college population in Mexico is scarce.

Association between rs2235048 Polymorphism and THC Pharmacokinetics and Subjective Effects following Smoked Cannabis in Young Adults.

Genetic influences on acute responses to psychoactive drugs may contribute to individual variability in addiction risk. is a human gene that encodes P-glycoprotein, an ATP-dependent efflux pump that may influence the pharmacokinetics of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary psychoactive component of cannabis. Using data from 48 young adults (aged 19-25 years) reporting 1-4 days of cannabis use per week who completed a placebo-controlled human laboratory experiment, we tested the hypothesis that the rs2235048 polymorphism of would influence acute responses to smoked cannabis.

Separate and combined effects of alcohol and cannabis on mood, subjective experience, cognition and psychomotor performance: A randomized trial.

Co-use of alcohol and cannabis is associated with increased frequency and intensity of use and related problems. This study examined acute effects of alcohol and cannabis on mood, subjective experience, cognition, and psychomotor performance. Twenty-eight healthy cannabis users aged 19-29 years with recent history of binge drinking completed this within-subjects, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial.

Mu opioid receptor gene variant modulates subjective response to smoked cannabis.

The mu-opioid receptor (MOR) mediates the rewarding properties of many psychoactive drugs and is an important target in the treatment of addictions. Functional interactions between the opioid and endocannabinoid systems are established and have been hypothesized to contribute to the effects of cannabis. We investigated associations between three single nucleotide polymorphisms in the MOR gene (rs1799971, rs2281617, and rs510769) and subjective responses to smoked cannabis.

Cannabis, Impaired Driving, and Road Safety: An Overview of Key Questions and Issues.

The road safety impact of cannabis has been a topic of much discussion and debate over the years. These discussions have been revitalized in recent years by initiatives in several jurisdictions to legalize non-medical cannabis. Canada became the second country to legalize non-medical cannabis use in October, 2018, preceded by Uruguay in December 2013.

Influence of Cannabinoid Receptor 1 Genetic Variants on the Subjective Effects of Smoked Cannabis.

As many jurisdictions consider relaxing cannabis legislation and usage is increasing in North America and other parts of the world, there is a need to explore the possible genetic differences underlying the subjective effects of cannabis. This pilot study investigated specific genetic variations within the cannabinoid receptor 1 () gene for association with the subjective effects of smoked cannabis. Data were obtained from a double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial studying the impact of cannabis intoxication on driving performance.

Influence of personality on acute smoked cannabis effects on simulated driving.

A recent study of the impact of smoked cannabis on simulated driver behavior demonstrated a reduction in mean speed after smoked cannabis. Previous research identified an association between personality and individual differences and acute drug effects. The present study examined the impact of personality on the reduction in mean speed after smoking cannabis under single- and dual-task driving conditions originally reported by Brands et al.

Sex differences in the acute pharmacological and subjective effects of smoked cannabis combined with alcohol in young adults.

The prevalence of co-use of alcohol and cannabis is increasing, particularly among young adults. Sex differences in the effects of alcohol alone and cannabis alone have been observed in animals and humans. However, sex differences in the acute pharmacological effects of cannabis combined with alcohol have not yet been studied.

Use of Cannabidiol for the Treatment of Anxiety: A Short Synthesis of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Evidence.

Anxiety disorders have the highest lifetime prevalence of any mental illness worldwide, leading to high societal costs and economic burden. Current pharmacotherapies for anxiety disorders are associated with adverse effects and low efficacy. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a constituent of the plant, which has potential therapeutic properties for various indications.

Acute and residual mood and cognitive performance of young adults following smoked cannabis.

Objectives: To examine acute and residual mood and cognitive performance in young adult regular cannabis users following smoked cannabis.

Methods: Ninety-one healthy young adults completed this double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-groups study. Participants were randomized to receive active (12.

Individual differences in human opioid abuse potential as observed in a human laboratory study.

Background: Opioids have high abuse potential and pose a major public health concern. Yet, a large percentage of individuals exposed to opioids do not develop problematic use. Individual differences in opioid abuse potential are not well understood.

Acute and residual effects of smoked cannabis: Impact on driving speed and lateral control, heart rate, and self-reported drug effects.

Background: Although driving under the influence of cannabis is increasingly common among young adults, little is known about residual effects on driver behavior. This study examined acute and residual effects of smoked cannabis on simulated driving performance of young cannabis users.

Methods: In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group randomized clinical trial, cannabis users (1-4 days/week) aged 19-25 years were randomized with a 2:1 allocation ratio to receive active (12.

Sex differences in the acute effects of smoked cannabis: evidence from a human laboratory study of young adults.

Rationale: Animal studies have found robust sex differences in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). However, the human evidence remains equivocal, despite findings that women may experience more severe consequences of cannabis use than men.

Objectives: The objective of this secondary analysis was to examine sex differences in THC pharmacokinetics and in acute subjective, physiological, and cognitive effects of smoked cannabis in a sample of regular cannabis users (use 1-4 days per week) aged 19-25 years.

Exploring perceptions among people who drive after cannabis use: Collision risk, comparative optimism and normative influence.

Introduction And Aims: While the perceived risks of driving under the influence of cannabis (DUIC) have been a focus of recent drug-driving research, relevant concepts from the social cognition literature have rarely been applied to inform understanding of DUIC. This study aims to expand knowledge of perceived collision risk and social influences associated with DUIC and driving after other substance use.

Design And Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 participants of a remedial program for impaired drivers.