New hormonal agents and integrated strategies for non-metastatic, hormone-sensitive prostate carcinoma: the orphan setting?-a narrative review.

Background And Objective: Most of newly diagnosed prostate carcinomas (PCas) present as non-metastatic disease, with approximately 15% of them presenting with characteristics predicting for a high-risk of relapse. Hence, specific focus has to be placed on patients affected by localised or locally advanced disease, whose chances of cure are notably higher than those of patients in advanced settings. With androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPIs) and docetaxel chemotherapy improving treatment efficacy outcomes when compared to traditional androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in the metastatic disease, clinical trials are currently investigating the activity of ARPI for clinical management of localised or locally advanced prostate patients, with the aim of preventing the cancer from spreading systemically.

Time tO last ChemotherApy and death in ovaRian cancEr patients: TO CARE/MITO 42 study, a retrospective analysis of italian MITO centers.

Introduction: The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) 2021 Guidelines contraindicate the administration of chemotherapy in the last month of patients' life. The main objective of this multicenter observational retrospective study was to calculate the time elapsed between the date of the last chemotherapy and the date of death of patients with ovarian cancer. The secondary objectives were to identify any factors associated with a greater probability of receiving chemotherapy in the end of life.

Hematological toxicity of parp inhibitors in solid tumors: a systematic review and safety meta-analysis.

Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPis) are effective agents in different tumor types. A typical class of adverse events (AEs) associated with these agents, often leading to treatment modifications and discontinuations of treatment, is hematological toxicity. In our systematic review and safety meta-analysis, we investigated the incidence and risk of all grades and ≥ grade (G) 3 hematological AEs, including anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and acute myeloid leukemia (AML)/myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) due to PARPis, used alone or in combination, in patients diagnosed with solid tumors.

Immunotherapy and Advanced Vulvar Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Survival and Safety Outcomes.

: Advanced and recurrent vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) presents a major therapeutic challenge with limited treatment options and poor outcomes. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown efficacy in other HPV-associated malignancies, but their role in VSCC remains poorly defined due to the rarity of the disease and limited clinical trial data. : We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251067565).

Vulvar Paget's disease: prognostic factors and survival outcomes from a retrospective cohort analysis.

Vulvar Paget's disease (VPD) is a rare intra-epithelial neoplasm with a high recurrence rate and uncertain prognostic factors. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in 27 patients diagnosed with VPD, assessing the impact of surgical type, disease extent, resection margins, lymphadenectomy, wound dehiscence and age. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to determine survival outcomes and prognostic factors.

Impact of Molecular Androgen and Estrogen Response Scores on Outcomes Following Neoadjuvant Pembrolizumab in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Purpose: Androgen and estrogen influence bladder cancer pathogenesis, but their role in modulating treatment response, especially immunotherapy, remains unclear. This post hoc analysis of the PURE-01 trial evaluated the impact of androgen and estrogen signatures on outcomes in patients with muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma treated with neoadjuvant pembrolizumab followed by radical cystectomy.

Experimental Design: Pretreatment transurethral resection of bladder tumor samples from 102 PURE-01 patients was analyzed using the Decipher Bladder whole-transcriptome assay to classify genomic subtypes.

Mucinous Ovarian Carcinoma: Integrating Molecular Stratification into Surgical and Therapeutic Management.

: Mucinous ovarian carcinoma (MOC) is a rare and biologically distinct subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer, typically presenting at an early stage in younger women. Unlike high-grade serous carcinoma, MOC is characterized by unique molecular features-including frequent KRAS mutations and HER2 amplifications-and exhibits limited sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy. These differences highlight the need for individualized treatment strategies guided by molecular and histological profiling.

Zelenectide pevedotin (BT-8009): a bicyclic peptide toxin conjugate targeting nectin-4 for the treatment of bladder cancer.

Introduction: Zelenectide pevedotin (BT8009) is a novel Bicycle Toxin Conjugate targeting nectin-4, designed to overcome the limitations of already existing anti-nectin-4 antibody-drug conjugates such as enfortumab vedotin (EV). Its innovative molecular design enhances tumor penetration, minimizes systemic toxicity, and achieves therapeutic efficacy independent from internalization.

Areas Covered: This review evaluates the preclinical rationale and clinical data for BT8009, focusing on its pharmacokinetic properties, safety, and efficacy compared to EV.

Tamoxifen and Fertility in Women with Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review on Reproductive Outcomes and Oncological Safety of Treatment Interruption.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent malignancy among women worldwide, with a rising incidence in young, premenopausal patients. For those diagnosed with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) BC, tamoxifen is a cornerstone of adjuvant endocrine therapy, significantly reducing recurrence risk and improving long-term survival. However, its prolonged use poses challenges for women desiring pregnancy, prompting interest in temporary treatment interruption as a strategy to achieve reproductive goals while maintaining oncological safety.

Incidence and Risk of Thromboembolic and Cardiovascular Adverse Events with PARP Inhibitor Treatment in Patients with Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Safety Meta-analysis.

Background And Objective: PARP inhibitor (PARPi) treatment is an effective option for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). There are few data on the cardiovascular and thromboembolic safety of these agents in mCRPC, as cardiovascular and thromboembolic adverse events (AEs) are uncommon. Our aim was to analyze the incidence and risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), thromboembolic events, and hypertension with PARPi therapy in mCRPC.

Haematological toxicity of PARP inhibitors in advanced ovarian cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis) are effective treatment options for patients with advanced ovarian cancer (OC). A typical adverse event (AE) of these agents is haematological toxicity, which represents the leading cause of treatment modification and discontinuation. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to analyse the risk of haematological AEs, including anaemia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia due to the use of PARPis in patients with OC.

Uterine Carcinosarcoma (UCS): A Literature Review and Survival Analysis from a Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background/objectives: Uterine carcinosarcomas (UCSs) are rare and aggressive malignancies with limited epidemiological data. This study aims to evaluate the clinical and pathological features and prognostic factors of UCS in a retrospective cohort of 80 patients, contributing to improved management strategies.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of UCS cases treated from 1995 to 2024 at three institutions.

Androgen receptor, PARP signaling, and tumor microenvironment: the 'perfect triad' in prostate cancer?

Aberrations in the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway in prostate cancer (PCa) provide a unique opportunity to develop therapeutic strategies that take advantage of the reduced tumor ability to repair DNA damage. Poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) have been shown to prolong the survival of PCa patients with HRR defects, particularly in those with Breast Cancer type 1 susceptibility protein/Breast Cancer type 2 susceptibility protein alterations. To expand the benefit of PARPi to patients without detectable HRR alterations, multiple preclinical and clinical studies are addressing potential synergies between PARPi and androgen receptor signaling inhibitors, and these strategies are also being evaluated in combination with other drugs such as immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Prognostic role of circulating cytokines and inflammation indexes for avelumab maintenance in metastatic urothelial carcinoma.

Background: Avelumab maintenance after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy represents a cornerstone for the treatment of metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC). However, identifying prognostic biomarkers is paramount for optimizing patients' benefits while minimizing toxicity. Cytokines represent circulating mediators of the complex interaction between cancer, the immune system, and inflammation.

Neutrophil-to-Eosinophil Ratio Predicts the Efficacy of Avelumab in Patients With Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma Enrolled in the MALVA Study (Meet-URO 25).

Background: Neutrophil-to-eosinophil ratio (NER) has been described to be associated with outcomes to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in several tumor types, but less is known about its role of in the response to avelumab in advanced urothelial cancer (aUC). Thus, we reported outcomes by NER of aUC patients treated with avelumab as maintenance after initial response to platinum-based chemotherapy and enrolled in the Maintenance with AVeLumAb ([MALVA] in advanced urothelial neoplasms in response to first-line chemotherapy: an observational retrospective study) study (Meet-URO 25).

Patients And Methods: Median NER at baseline and after 3 cycles of avelumab were calculated.

Real World Analysis of Peritoneal Metastasis From Renal Cell Carcinoma. Meet-Uro27.

Background: Peritoneal metastases (PM) have been reported in approximately 1% of patients with metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (mRCC). Outcome data are limited due to the rarity of this metastatic site. Therefore, the aim of our study is to describe renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients with PM treated as per clinical practice.

Clinical Outcomes and Prognostic Factors in Patients With Penile Carcinoma: A Sub-Analysis From Meet-URO 23 (I-RARE) Registry Study.

Introduction: Penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) is a rare tumor with an aggressive behavior. The Meet-URO 23/I-RARE registry includes rare genitourinary malignancies. We extracted patients with PSCC to conduct a retrospective study aimed at assessing clinical outcomes and prognostic factors.

Significance of PD-L1 in Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Importance: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have broadened the metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) therapeutic scenario. The association of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) with response and survival in patients treated with ICIs is still controversial.

Objectives: To evaluate the association of PD-L1 with response rate and overall survival among patients with mUC treated with ICIs.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors plus chemotherapy in first-line endometrial cancer treatment: Still the era of microsatellites?

Objective: The combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) plus chemotherapy is currently being tested as the first-line treatment of advanced endometrial. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this combination.

Design: We performed a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.