Outcomes on Excision and Clinical Follow-up of Isolated Atypical Apocrine Adenosis Diagnosed on Core Needle Biopsy: A Multi-institutional Study.

Context.—: Atypical apocrine adenosis (AAA) is a rare breast lesion defined as presence of cytologic atypia in apocrine adenosis. World Health Organization Classification of Tumours, 5th edition, defines cytologic atypia as at least 3-fold variation in nuclear size and prominent nucleoli.

Strontium isoscapes for provenance, mobility and migration: the way forward.

Strontium isotopes (Sr/Sr) are increasingly used as a provenance tool in multiple disciplines. Application to biological materials requires knowledge of the variation in bioavailable Sr/Sr across the landscape, potentially in the form of an isoscape (a quantitative model of spatial isotopic variability). This paper summarizes and provides advice on our current understanding of the main concerns in creating and interpreting isoscapes of bioavailable Sr/Sr.

CalliCog is an open-source cognitive neuroscience toolkit for freely behaving nonhuman primates.

Nonhuman primates (NHPs) are pivotal for unlocking the complexities of human cognition, yet traditional cognitive studies remain constrained to specialized laboratories. To address this gap, we present CalliCog: an open-source, scalable in-cage platform tailored for experiments in small freely behaving primate species such as the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). CalliCog includes modular operant chambers that operate autonomously and integrate seamlessly with home cages, eliminating human intervention.

an open-source cognitive neuroscience toolkit for freely behaving nonhuman primates.

Unlabelled: Nonhuman primates (NHPs) are pivotal for unlocking the complexities of human cognition, yet traditional cognitive studies remain constrained to specialized laboratories. To revolutionize this paradigm, we present : an open-source, scalable in-cage platform tailored for freely behaving experiments in small primate species such as the common marmoset ( ). includes modular operant chambers that operate autonomously and integrate seamlessly with home cages, eliminating human intervention.

Pathological features of connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease in transbronchial cryobiopsies.

Aim: Transbronchial cryobiopsies are increasingly used for the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD), but there is a lack of published information on the features of specific ILD in cryobiopsies. Here we attempt to provide pathological guidelines for separating usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (FHP) and connective tissue disease-associated ILD (CTD-ILD) in cryobiopsies.

Methods: We examined 120 cryobiopsies from patients with multidisciplinary discussion (MDD)-established CTD-ILD and compared them to a prior series of 121 biopsies from patients with MDD-established IPF or FHP.

Controls on the Barium and Strontium Isotopic Records of Water Chemistry Preserved in Freshwater Bivalve Shells.

Biogenic carbonates, including bivalve shells, record past environmental conditions, but their interpretation requires understanding environmental and biological factors that affect trace metal uptake. We examined stable barium (δBa) and radiogenic strontium (Sr/Sr) isotope ratios in the aragonite shells of four native freshwater mussel species and two invasive species in five streams and assessed the effects of species identity, growth rate, and river water chemistry on shell isotopic composition. Shells were robust proxies for Sr, accurately reflecting Sr/Sr ratios of river water, regardless of species or growth rate.

Utica/Point Pleasant brine isotopic compositions (δLi, δB, δBa) elucidate mechanisms of lithium enrichment in the Appalachian Basin.

Global Li production will require a ∼500 % increase to meet 2050 projected energy storage demands. One potential source is oil and gas wastewater (i.e.

Recurrent Cardiac Sarcoidosis and Giant Cell Myocarditis After Heart Transplant: A Case Report and Systematic Literature Review.

Recurrence of cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) and giant cell myocarditis (GCM) after heart transplant is rare, with rates of 5% in CS and 8% in GCM. We aim to identify all reported cases of recurrence in the literature and to assess clinical course, treatments, and outcomes to improve understanding of the conditions. A systematic review, utilizing Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, was conducted by searching MEDLINE/PubMed and Embase of all available literature describing post-transplant recurrent granulomatous myocarditis, CS, or GCM.

Pathologic Criteria for the Diagnosis of Usual Interstitial Pneumonia vs Fibrotic Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis in Transbronchial Cryobiopsies.

Transbronchial cryobiopsy (TBCB) is increasingly used for the diagnosis of fibrosing interstitial pneumonias, but there are few detailed descriptions of the pathologic findings in such cases. It has been proposed that a combination of patchy fibrosis and fibroblast foci with an absence of alternative features is diagnostic of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP; ie, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis [IPF]) in TBCB. In this study, we reviewed 121 TBCB in which a diagnosis of fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (FHP; n = 83) or IPF (n = 38) was made by multidisciplinary discussion and evaluated a range of pathologic features.

Paleolakes and socioecological implications of last glacial "greening" of the South African interior.

Determining the timing and drivers of Pleistocene hydrological change in the interior of South Africa is critical for testing hypotheses regarding the presence, dynamics, and resilience of human populations. Combining geological data and physically based distributed hydrological modeling, we demonstrate the presence of large paleolakes in South Africa's central interior during the last glacial period, and infer a regional-scale invigoration of hydrological networks, particularly during marine isotope stages 3 and 2, most notably 55 to 39 ka and 34 to 31 ka. The resulting hydrological reconstructions further permit investigation of regional floral and fauna responses using a modern analog approach.

Goiter and Abdominal Mass: A Rare Presentation of Riedel's Thyroiditis.

Riedel's thyroiditis (RT) is a rare inflammatory autoimmune disease, often associated with various forms of systemic fibrosis such as sclerosing mesenteritis (SM). A woman in her late 30s presented with a diffusely enlarged firm goiter and a mesenteric mass complicated by biliary obstruction and hydronephrosis. Labs and thyroid ultrasound were consistent with autoimmune thyroiditis.

Leiomyosarcoma of the Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses: A Case Report and Comprehensive Review of the Literature.

Sinonasal leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a rare and aggressive mesenchymal tumor with smooth muscle differentiation. The sinonasal tract is an unusual primary site for LMS, as scant smooth muscle exists in this location, with only 75 cases reported in the English literature including the case presented herein. Sinonasal LMS is considered an aggressive head and neck tumor with significant potential for recurrence and metastasis.

Palmar and plantar fibromatosis: a review.

Palmar fibromatosis (Dupuytren disease/contracture) is the most common type of fibromatosis, defined as a benign proliferation of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. The disease process is most common in white, middle-aged and older men occurring at the distal palmar crease leading to nodules and contracture, which in many cases recur after surgical treatment. In a similar process, plantar fibromatosis (Ledderhose disease) is a proliferation of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts on the plantar aponeurosis of mostly middle-aged patients that may lead to painful nodules but usually does not lead to contracture.

Cardiac sarcoidosis in the donor heart without extracardiac manifestations.

A middle-aged woman who received heart transplantation for end-stage sarcoid cardiomyopathy developed recurrent cardiac sarcoidosis in the donor heart. She presented 5 years post-transplantation with heart block and systolic dysfunction, without extracardiac involvement. Her disease was unresponsive to corticosteroids.

Primary cardiac low-grade neuroendocrine tumor: a case report and review of the literature.

Primary tumors of the heart are uncommon; even rarer are primary cardiac neuroendocrine tumors. To our knowledge, only two cases have been described to date, both being high-grade tumors. We report a solitary low-grade neuroendocrine tumor of the heart, unexpectedly discovered during aortic valve repair for infectious bacterial endocarditis on the wall of the right ventricle in a 44-year-old man with a history of balloon valvulotomy as a child.

Emergency ventilator for COVID-19.

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the world in 2020 by spreading at unprecedented rates and causing tens of thousands of fatalities within a few months. The number of deaths dramatically increased in regions where the number of patients in need of hospital care exceeded the availability of care. Many COVID-19 patients experience Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), a condition that can be treated with mechanical ventilation.

Tiludronic acid can be detected in blood and urine samples from Thoroughbred racehorses over 3 years after last administration.

Background: Administration of bisphosphonates, including tiludronic acid, to Thoroughbred racehorses below 3 and a half years of age is prohibited in most racing jurisdictions.

Objectives: To determine if evidence of administration of tiludronic acid could be obtained from analysis of blood and urine samples beyond 40 days after administration.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort.

Metabolic studies of selective androgen receptor modulators RAD140 and S-23 in horses.

This paper describes the studies of the in vitro biotransformation of two selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs), namely, RAD140 and S-23, and the in vivo metabolism of RAD140 in horses using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. in vitro metabolic studies of RAD140 and S-23 were performed using homogenised horse liver. The more prominent in vitro biotransformation pathways for RAD140 included hydrolysis, hydroxylation, glucuronidation and sulfation.

Rotational Energy Transfer in Highly Excited States of Lithium Dimer: Experiment and Modeling.

We report level-resolved rate coefficients for collision-induced rotational energy transfer in the Li-Ne system, with Li in the highly electronically excited E(3)Σ( = 4, = 31) and F(4)Σ( = 10, = 31) states. The distributions of rate coefficients are strikingly different from those previously measured for the A(1)Σ( = 2-24, = 30) state of the same molecule, falling off much more rapidly with increasing rotational quantum number change |Δ|. The reason for the difference was explored by means of an inverse Monte Carlo approach employing classical trajectories and a model potential, which was adjusted to give agreement with experiment.

Benign lesions of the mediastinum: A review with emphasis on cytology and small biopsy specimens.

This review focuses on the diagnosis of select benign processes, ranging from reactive entities to heterotopic tissues to neoplasms, which may occur in the mediastinum. Currently, the mediastinum can be evaluated and biopsied with endoscopic procedures. Therefore, cytopathology specimens, fine needle aspirations, and small biopsies play an important role in the diagnosis of these lesions.

Ostrich eggshell bead strontium isotopes reveal persistent macroscale social networking across late Quaternary southern Africa.

Hunter-gatherer exchange networks dampen subsistence and reproductive risks by building relationships of mutual support outside local groups that are underwritten by symbolic gift exchange. , the system of delayed reciprocity between Ju/'hoãn individuals in southern Africa's Kalahari Desert, is the best-known such example and the basis for most analogies and models of hunter-gatherer exchange in prehistory. However, its antiquity, drivers, and development remain unclear, as they do for long-distance exchanges among African foragers more broadly.

Barium Isotopes Track the Source of Dissolved Solids in Produced Water from the Unconventional Marcellus Shale Gas Play.

Waters coproduced with hydrocarbons from unconventional oil and gas reservoirs such as the hydraulically fractured Middle Devonian Marcellus Shale in the Appalachian Basin, USA, contain high levels of total dissolved solids (TDS), including Ba, which has been variously ascribed to drilling mud dissolution, interaction with pore fluids or shale exchangeable sites, or fluid migration through fractures. Here, we show that Marcellus Shale produced waters contain some of the heaviest Ba (high Ba/Ba) measured to date (δBa = +0.36‰ to +1.