Dietary Patterns in Prostate Cancer Prevention and Management: A Systematic Review of Prospective Cohort Studies and Randomized Clinical Trials.

Background And Objective: Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most common cancer and a leading cause of death among males. In this systematic review we evaluated cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the relationship between dietary patterns and PC risk, progression, mortality, and biomarkers.

Methods: A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Central was conducted through June 2024 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

A narrative review of psychological safety in the surgical learning environment.

Psychological safety is a critical component of the medical learning environment. While multiple synthesis studies exist for psychological safety within broader medical education, few have focused specifically on surgical training paradigms. This narrative review evaluates psychological safety for surgical trainees.

Impact of neighborhood-level deprivation on glaucoma prevalence and treatment: A review of the literature.

We summarize the existing literature describing the associations between neighborhood-level socioeconomic indices and various glaucoma-related health outcomes. Glaucoma remains one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide, and while risk factors have been identified, there remains an incomplete understanding of the relationship between glaucoma and social determinants of health, especially at the neighborhood-level. This is particularly clinically relevant for the treatment of glaucoma due to the importance of early detection, access to specialty care, and long-term medication adherence in slowing disease progression.

Experiences of Nurses Speaking Up in Healthcare Settings: A Qualitative Metasynthesis.

Aim: To systematically review and synthesise qualitative research on nurses' experiences of speaking up in various contexts and to identify factors facilitating or impeding such a behaviour.

Design: This review was conducted as a qualitative metasynthesis, utilising the qualitative meta-ethnography approach.

Methods: A total of 6250 articles were screened.

Use of Impedance Cardiography to Guide Blood Pressure Lowering Medication Selection: Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Blood pressure (BP) control can be difficult to attain due to multiple factors, including choosing and titrating antihypertensive medications. Measurement of hemodynamic parameters using impedance cardiography (ICG) at the point of care may allow better alignment of medication with the mechanism(s) underlying an individual's hypertension. We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials of ICG compared to usual care for attainment of BP control.

Nurse practitioner and physician assistant transition to practice: A scoping review of fellowships and onboarding programs.

Background: Newly graduated nurse practitioners (NPs) and physician assistants (PAs) benefit from transition-to-practice (TTP) support to move successfully into practice. Transition-to-practice programs (i.e.

NP and PA transition to practice: A scoping review of fellowships and onboarding programs.

Objectives: Newly graduated NPs and physician associates/assistants (PAs) benefit from transition to practice (TTP) support to move successfully into practice. TTP programs (such as onboarding programs, fellowships, and residencies) hold promise for improving workforce outcomes. The purpose of this scoping review was to describe the literature regarding NP/PA TTP programs.

Transition-to-practice programs for newly graduated advanced practice registered nurses and physician assistants: a scoping review protocol.

Objective: The objective of this scoping review is to map the evidence on transition-to-practice programs for newly graduated advanced practice registered nurses and physician assistants, and describe how they differ. Additional objectives include summarizing what outcomes are evaluated and what gaps remain within the literature. By consolidating this information, health care administrators may more easily reference transition-to-practice methods to enhance their own programs for advanced practice registered nurses and physician assistants.

Risk factors associated with physical therapist burnout: a systematic review.

Background: Studies consistently suggest that work as a physical therapist is associated with burnout, yet no review of the contributing factors has been conducted.

Objective: To identify and examine the risk factors associated with physical therapist burnout.

Data Sources: PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to May 2020.

Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Symptomatic, Non-Limb-Threatening Peripheral Artery Disease: A State-of-the-Art Review.

Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are health outcomes directly reported by the patient that can be used to measure the effect of disease and treatments on patient perceived well-being. This review summarizes current evidence regarding the validation of PROMs in people with symptomatic, nonlimb-threatening peripheral artery disease. A literature search was conducted to identify studies of symptomatic peripheral artery disease without limb-threatening ischemia that included PROMs and had sample sizes ≥25.

Predicting Patient-Centered Outcomes from Spine Surgery Using Risk Assessment Tools: a Systematic Review.

Purpose Of Review: The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the current literature in patients undergoing spine surgery in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine to determine the available risk assessment tools to predict the patient-centered outcomes of pain, disability, physical function, quality of life, psychological disposition, and return to work after surgery.

Recent Findings: Risk assessment tools can assist surgeons and other healthcare providers in identifying the benefit-risk ratio of surgical candidates. These tools gather demographic, medical history, and other pertinent patient-reported measures to calculate a probability utilizing regression or machine learning statistical foundations.

Are You SURE You Want to Send That? A Model for Email Professionalism in Medical Education.

Email is an essential method of communication within academic medical environments and elsewhere. There is a growing body of literature that focuses on provider-to-patient communication in addition to studies examining the intersection of social networking and professionalism. Relatively little research exists, however, regarding the components of professional email interactions or "best practices" for electronic correspondence among colleagues, faculty, and trainees.

American Thoracic Society documents: an official American Thoracic Society/Society of Thoracic Radiology Clinical Practice Guideline--Evaluation of Suspected Pulmonary Embolism in Pregnancy.

Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a leading cause of maternal mortality in the developed world. Along with appropriate prophylaxis and therapy, prevention of death from PE in pregnancy requires a high index of clinical suspicion followed by a timely and accurate diagnostic approach.

Methods: To provide guidance on this important health issue, a multidisciplinary panel of major medical stakeholders was convened to develop evidence-based guidelines for evaluation of suspected pulmonary embolism in pregnancy using the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system.

An official American Thoracic Society/Society of Thoracic Radiology clinical practice guideline: evaluation of suspected pulmonary embolism in pregnancy.

Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a leading cause of maternal mortality in the developed world. Along with appropriate prophylaxis and therapy, prevention of death from PE in pregnancy requires a high index of clinical suspicion followed by a timely and accurate diagnostic approach.

Methods: To provide guidance on this important health issue, a multidisciplinary panel of major medical stakeholders was convened to develop evidence-based guidelines for evaluation of suspected pulmonary embolism in pregnancy using the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system.

PubMed instruction for medical students: searching for a better way.

In 2007, Duke University Medical Center Library instituted an interactive, online PubMed tutorial and quiz for medical students to replace an in-person lecture. This article describes the events leading to this educational paradigm shift and how the tutorial was implemented. Important concerns in the switch to an online approach to PubMed training were student satisfaction and the extent to which searching skills would improve.