Healthcare providers' awareness and management of cardiovascular risks in women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and gestational diabetes.

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and the mortality rate and prognosis of CVD in women are worse compared to men. Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes (APOs) are frequently overlooked sex-specific risk factors for CVD and affect up to one in five pregnant women. This study evaluated healthcare providers'(HCPs) awareness of the long-term cardiovascular risk associated with gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

Knowledge and care regarding long-term cardiovascular risk after hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and gestational diabetes.

Background: Adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO), such as preeclampsia (PE) and gestational diabetes (GDM) are substantial risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) later in life. Identifying these high-risk female individuals during pregnancy offers the possibility of preventing long-term CVD and chronic kidney disease via a structured therapeutic and surveillance plan. We aimed to evaluate the current practice of postpartum care in women after APO and the impact on the women's awareness about their future risk for CVD.

Outcomes of Pregnancy in Women With Bioprosthetic Heart Valves With or Without Valve Dysfunction.

Background: Although pregnancy outcomes in women with normally functioning bioprosthetic valves (BPVs) are often good, structural valve dysfunction (SVD) may adversely affect pregnancy outcomes, but this has not been studied.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine outcomes in pregnant women with BPVs and the association with SVD.

Methods: Pregnancy outcomes in women with BPVs were prospectively collected.

Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy in three consecutive pregnancies.

Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy is rare during pregnancy and is reversible when the underlying arrhythmia is effectively treated. Management can be complex due to the risks of antiarrhythmic medications and cardiac interventions on the developing fetus. The care requires a well-coordinated multidisciplinary team of cardiologists, electrophysiologists, and maternal-fetal specialists.

Cardiovascular Deaths in Pregnancy: Growing Concerns and Preventive Strategies.

There has been an increase in maternal deaths from cardiovascular disease in many countries. In high-income countries, cardiovascular deaths secondary to cardiomyopathies, ischemic heart disease, sudden arrhythmic deaths, aortic dissection, and valve disease are responsible for up to one-third of all pregnancy-related maternal deaths. In low- and middle-income countries, rheumatic heart disease is a much more common cause of cardiac death during pregnancy.

Cardiac Complications in Pregnant Women With Isolated Mitral Stenosis and Their Association With Echocardiographic Changes During Pregnancy.

In women with mitral stenosis (MS), mitral valve gradients and right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) can increase in response to the physiologic stress of pregnancy. The prognostic significance of these echocardiographic changes has not been well studied. Pregnancy outcomes and serial echocardiograms were collected in women with MS prospectively recruited as part of a larger study on pregnancy outcomes.

Management of allergic diseases in pregnancy.

Allergic diseases like asthma, allergic rhinitis, food allergy, hymenoptera allergy, or atopic dermatitis are highly prevalent in women of childbearing age and may affect up to 30% of this age group. This review focuses on the management of allergic diseases during pregnancy. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges of counseling women with allergic diseases in the reproductive age, including considerations relevant to the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Pregnancy in a woman with a chronic descending thoracic aortic dissection.

Pregnancy increases aortic wall stress and, for a woman with a chronic dissection, this can lead to extension of the dissection, aortic rupture, and death. We report a pregnancy in a woman with a history of a chronic type B aortic dissection. As a child, she had repeat balloon dilation of aortic coarctation, and one of the procedures was complicated by an iatrogenic dissection at the dilation site.

Immunologically relevant aspects of the new COVID-19 vaccines-an ÖGAI (Austrian Society for Allergology and Immunology) and AeDA (German Society for Applied Allergology) position paper.

Background: The vaccines against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) approved in the European Union represent a decisive step in the fight against the pandemic. The application of these available vaccines to patients with pre-existing immunological conditions leads to a multitude of questions regarding efficacy, side effects and the necessary patient information.

Results: This review article provides insight into mechanisms of action of the currently available severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines and summarises the current state of science as well as expert recommendations regarding tolerability of the vaccines.

Risk Associated With Valvular Regurgitation During Pregnancy.

Background: Pregnancies in women with regurgitant valve lesions are generally considered low risk, but this has not been well studied.

Objectives: This study determined the frequency of adverse cardiac events (CEs) in pregnant women with moderate or severe regurgitant valve lesions.

Methods: Maternal and fetal outcomes in women with moderate or severe chronic valve regurgitation enrolled in a prospective multicenter study on pregnancy outcomes were examined.

Impact of Obesity on Outcomes of Pregnancy in Women With Heart Disease.

Background: Women with heart disease are at risk for complications during pregnancy. This study sought to examine the effect of maternal obesity on pregnancy complications in women with heart disease.

Objectives: The objective was to determine the incidence of adverse cardiac events (CE) in pregnant women with heart disease and obesity.

Preventing Complications in Pregnant Women With Cardiac Disease.

Background: Pregnancy can lead to complications in women with heart disease, and these complications can be life threatening. Understanding serious complications and how they can be prevented is important.

Objectives: The primary objectives were to determine the incidence of serious cardiac events (SCEs) in pregnant women with heart disease, whether they were preventable, and their impact on fetal and neonatal outcomes.

Biologicals in atopic disease in pregnancy: An EAACI position paper.

Biologicals have transformed the management of severe disease phenotypes in asthma, atopic dermatitis, and chronic spontaneous urticaria. As a result, the number of approved biologicals for the treatment of atopic diseases is continuously increasing. Although atopic diseases are among the most common diseases in the reproductive age, investigations, and information on half-life, pharmacokinetics defining the neonatal Fc receptors (FcRn) and most important safety of biologicals in pregnancy are lacking.

A critical review of the reproductive safety of Leflunomide.

Leflunomide, an inhibitor of pyrimidine synthesis, is used for the treatment of rheumatic diseases, which are prevalent in women of childbearing age. Due to the very long half-life of the active metabolite, its mechanism of action and the teratogenicity observed in animal studies at doses similar to or lower than human therapeutic doses on a weight basis, it is recommended that women stop the treatment before conception and a drug elimination procedure be performed. However, unintended gestational exposures may occur, posing challenges in risk assessment.

The risk of venous thromboembolism in women with inflammatory bowel disease during pregnancy and the postpartum period: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Pregnancy and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are independent risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Nevertheless, the optimal VTE prevention strategy for women with IBD in pregnancy and postpartum period has not been established yet. We assessed VTE risks during pregnancy and the postpartum period in women with IBD through systematic review and meta-analysis.

-specific immunoglobulin levels in BALF of CF patients.

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