Polygenic risk score predicts risk of primary sclerosing cholangitis in inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: Forty distinct primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) genomic loci have been identified through multiancestry meta-analyses. The polygenic risk score (PRS) could serve as a promising tool to discover unique disease behaviour, like PSC, underlying inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Aim: To test whether PRS indicates PSC risk in patients with IBD.

Optimal Wireless Reflux Monitoring Metrics to Predict Discontinuation of Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy.

Introduction: Ambulatory reflux monitoring performed off proton pump inhibitor (PPI) is the gold standard diagnostic test for nonerosive gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). However, the diagnostic metrics and optimal duration of monitoring are not well defined. This study evaluated the performance of multiple metrics across distinct durations of wireless reflux monitoring off PPI against the ability to discontinue PPI therapy in patients with suboptimal PPI response.

Novel Genetic Variant Predicts Surgical Recurrence Risk in Crohn's Disease Patients.

Background: We aimed to identify a model of clinical and genetic risk factors through hypothesis-free search across genome that can predict the surgical recurrence risk after the first abdominal surgery in CD patients.

Materials And Methods: Two independent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) cohort studies were used to derive and validate the genetic risk profile. The study subjects were genotyped using Illumina Immunochip custom genotyping array.

Ambulatory Reflux Monitoring Guides Proton Pump Inhibitor Discontinuation in Patients With Gastroesophageal Reflux Symptoms: A Clinical Trial.

Background And Aims: Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy fails to provide adequate symptom control in up to 50% of patients with gastroesophageal reflux symptoms. Although a proportion do not require ongoing PPI therapy, a diagnostic approach to identify candidates appropriate for PPI cessation is not available. This study aimed to examine the clinical utility of prolonged wireless reflux monitoring to predict the ability to discontinue PPIs.

Unique Phenotypic Characteristics and Clinical Course in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis and Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis: A Multicenter US Experience.

Introduction: Ulcerative colitis (UC) associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a rare phenotype. We aimed to assess patients with UC-PSC or UC alone and describe differences in clinical and phenotypic characteristics, antitumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy, and long-term clinical outcomes.

Methods: This retrospective multicenter cohort study included patients who received a diagnosis of UC from 1962 through 2015.

Novel Genetic Risk Variants Can Predict Anti-TNF Agent Response in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: It is important to identify patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] refractory to anti-tumour necrosis factor [TNF] therapy, to avoid potential adverse effects and to adopt different treatment strategies. We aimed to identify and validate clinical and genetic factors to predict anti-TNF response in patients with IBD.

Materials And Methods: Mayo Clinic and Washington University IBD genetic association study cohorts were used as discovery and replicate datasets, respectively.

Beliefs about GI medications and adherence to pharmacotherapy in functional GI disorder outpatients.

Objectives: Pharmacotherapy is a mainstay in functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorder (FGID) management, but little is known about patient attitudes toward medication regimens. Understanding patient concerns and adherence to pharmacotherapy is particularly important for off-label medication use (e.g.

Treating prepartum depression to improve infant developmental outcomes: a study of diabetes in pregnancy.

Whether and how the co-occurrence of depression and diabetes in pregnancy may worsen infant development has not been reported. Pregnant women with diabetes and with (n = 34) or without (n = 34) major depressive disorder (MDD) were followed during pregnancy and 6-months postpartum. The MDD subset received randomly assigned treatment with cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) or supportive counseling (SC).

Improvement in sexual functioning in patients with type 2 diabetes and depression treated with bupropion.

Objective: Major depressive disorder (MDD) and type 2 diabetes have independent adverse effects on sexual functioning (SF). Bupropion (BU) reportedly has few sexual side effects, but its use in diabetes has not been studied.

Research Design And Methods: This article reports a planned secondary analysis of SF in 90 patients with type 2 diabetes treated with BU for MDD.

Efficacy of sertraline in prevention of depression recurrence in older versus younger adults with diabetes.

Objective: Sertraline maintenance therapy effectively delays recurrence of major depressive disorder in adult diabetic patients when data are examined across all age-groups. A secondary analysis was performed to assess this effect in younger and older subsets of patients.

Research Design And Methods: Younger (aged <55 years, n = 85) and older (aged > or =55 years, n = 67) subsets were identified from a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, maintenance treatment trial of sertraline in diabetic participants who achieved depression recovery with open-label sertraline treatment.

Factors influencing glycemic control in type 2 diabetes during acute- and maintenance-phase treatment of major depressive disorder with bupropion.

Objective: Depression management in both short- and longer-term treatment studies has been associated with improvement in glycemic control. We used bupropion hydrochloride (Wellbutrin XL) to determine whether this improvement could be attributed to changes in anthropometrics or diabetes self-care.

Research Design And Methods: Ninety-three patients with type 2 diabetes and major depressive disorder (MDD) received bupropion hydrochloride in a two-phase, open-label treatment trial.

Sertraline for prevention of depression recurrence in diabetes mellitus: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Context: In patients with diabetes mellitus, depression is a prevalent and recurrent problem that adversely affects the medical prognosis.

Objective: To determine whether maintenance therapy with sertraline hydrochloride prevents recurrence of major depression in patients with diabetes.

Design: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, maintenance treatment trial.