Assessing and comparing patient engagement in clinical cancer research: A cross-regional analysis between Europe and Japan using a structured evaluation tool.

Background: Meaningful patient engagement (PE) is increasingly recognized as a critical element of clinical cancer research. Policy frameworks in Europe and Japan reflect growing support for involving patients in research and policymaking. However, tools to assess the actual implementation of PE in clinical trials remain limited.

Prognostic Stratification of pN1 Prostate Cancer After Radical Prostatectomy: A Competing Risk Analysis from a Multi-institutional Cohort.

Background And Objective: Lymph node-positive (pN1) prostate cancer (PCa) is a heterogeneous disease, and a clear definition of prognostic groups is urgently needed. We aimed to assess cancer-related mortality (CRM) in different prognostic groups of pN1 patients, created based on the pathological PCa characteristics and number of positive lymph nodes (LN+).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, multicentre cohort study including 894 patients with pN1 disease treated at 15 European high-volume centres.

Radiation Therapy in the Management of Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer with Carcinoma in Situ: Still a No Go?

Background And Objective: This narrative review explores the impact of carcinoma in situ (CIS) on outcomes in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) after trimodal therapy (TMT) comprising transurethral resection of bladder tumor, a radiosensitizing agent and radiation therapy (RT). There is limited and inconsistent evidence on the effect of CIS, often considered a contraindication to TMT, on treatment efficacy.

Methods: We reviewed studies evaluating the influence of TMT and RT alone on clinical outcomes in CIS-associated MIBC.

Postprogression Survival of Patients with Metastatic Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer who Received Darolutamide or Placebo in Combination with Docetaxel and Androgen Deprivation Therapy: Post Hoc Analysis of the Phase 3 ARASENS Trial.

Background And Objective: Darolutamide + docetaxel + androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) significantly improved overall survival (OS) and delayed time to disease progression versus docetaxel + ADT in ARASENS (NCT02799602). We report data on subsequent antineoplastic therapies received and associated OS after discontinuation of the study treatment.

Methods: Patients were randomized 1:1 to darolutamide 600 mg orally twice daily or placebo, both with docetaxel + ADT.

Challenges in Defining Clinical Complete Response to Systemic Therapy in Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer: Insights from the EORTC STARBURST Project.

The standard of care (SOC) for treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer is neoadjuvant systemic treatment (NAT) with chemotherapy ± immunotherapy (pending durvalumab approval for this indication) followed by cystectomy or radiochemotherapy, regardless of the extent of any tumor response. Studies have recently begun to question the pertinence of local treatment in cases with a complete clinical response after NAT. However, such a de-escalation strategy is hampered by the poor correlation between clinical evaluation of the tumor response and final pathology results for radical cystectomy specimens.

Fast (< 30 min) "All-in-One" whole-body MRI for TNM staging in high-risk prostate cancer (PCa): Feasibility and comparison to Ga-Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA)-PET/CT.

Purpose: Next-generation imaging techniques, including PSMA-PET/CT and whole-body MRI (WB-MRI), are disrupting the management of prostate cancer (PCa). This study aimed to build a fast "All-In-One" WB-MRI protocol and to compare it to Ga-PSMA-PET/CT for local (T), nodal (N), and distant staging (M1a, M1b, M1c).

Methods: Fifty-two PCa patients at high-risk for metastases underwent a fast "All-in-One" WB-MRI (combining biparametric prostate assessment based on rapid T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) following the PI-RADS v2.

Combination Therapies in Locally Advanced and Metastatic Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer.

Background And Objective: The treatment landscape for advanced prostate cancer has evolved significantly over the past decade. The introduction of docetaxel, androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPIs), poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors, and targeted radionuclides has redefined the treatment paradigm, with a focus now on early treatment intensification through combination therapies. This narrative collaborative review summarises the current evidence of combination therapies in locally advanced and metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC).

Assessment of bone mineral density in men with de novo metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer treated with or without abiraterone acetate plus prednisone in the PEACE-1 phase 3 trial.

Aim: Addition of abiraterone acetate plus prednisone (AAP) to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with or without docetaxel (D) improved overall survival in patients with de novo metastatic castration sensitive prostate cancer in the PEACE-1 trial. The protocol was amended during the course of the study to assess whether addition of AAP increases bone loss.

Methods: Patients were randomized to receive either ADT + D with or without AAP.

Definition of a European pre-vasectomy scoring system to identify patients at risk of vasectomy regret.

Introduction: Vasectomy is a widely used, safe, effective method of permanent contraception and contributes to healthy sexuality.

Aims: We have conducted a 3-step observational clinical study to develop a vasectomy regret risk score and guide patients and clinicians when discussing a vasectomy.

Methods: A 3-step approach has been followed.

Decrease in Fracture Rate with Mandatory Bone-protecting Agents in the EORTC 1333/PEACE-3 Trial Comparing Radium-223 Combined with Enzalutamide Versus Enzalutamide Alone: A Safety Analysis.

Bone health is central to the management of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). International guidelines recommend giving a bone-protecting agent (BPA) to patients with mCRPC and bone metastases. However, the data supporting these recommendations were generated before androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPIs) were available.

Alkaline phosphatase decline and pain response as predictors of overall survival benefit in patients treated with radium-223: a post hoc analysis of the REASSURE study.

Background: Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) declines and pain responses can occur during radium-223 (Ra) treatment, but their association with treatment outcomes is unclear.

Methods: For patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with Ra in the REASSURE study, we investigated whether ALP decline (Week 12) and/or pain response (during treatment) are associated with improved overall survival (OS). The Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form (BPI-SF) was used to assess pain at baseline and pain response (in patients with baseline BPI-SF score ≥2).

Efficacy and safety of prostate radiotherapy in de novo metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (PEACE-1): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 study with a 2 × 2 factorial design.

Background: The 2 × 2 PEACE-1 study showed that combining androgen-deprivation therapy with docetaxel and abiraterone improved overall and radiographic progression-free survival in patients with de novo metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer. We aimed to examine the efficacy and safety of adding radiotherapy in this population.

Methods: We conducted an open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial with a 2 × 2 factorial design (PEACE-1) at 77 hospitals across Europe.

Penile Metastasis-Induced Priapism as the First Sign of Lung Cancer: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

The penis is a relatively uncommon organ for metastases. Secondary lesions often originate from the bladder, prostate, or rectosigmoid cancers. Only a few cases have described penile lesions secondary to lung cancers, mostly as a later complication.

Treatment intensification with radium-223 plus enzalutamide in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Several life-prolonging therapies with diverse mechanisms of action (MoA) are available for the treatment of metastatic hormone-sensitive/castration-resistant prostate cancer, with many patients requiring multiple lines of therapy. Nevertheless, treatment optimization to further delay disease progression and improve overall survival remains an unmet need. Despite the number of agents with differing MoAs approved for advanced prostate cancer, many patients receive only one or two life-prolonging therapies.

Value of Whole-body Magnetic Resonance Imaging Using the MET-RADS-P Criteria for Assessing the Response to Intensified Androgen Deprivation Therapy in Metastatic Hormone-naïve and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer.

Background And Objectives: We assessed the agreement between prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and imaging responses using whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (wbMRI). Our aim was to explore the potential prognostic value of PSA and wbMRI responses in metastatic hormone-naïve prostate cancer (mHNPC) and castration-resistant PC (mCRPC).

Methods: wbMRI was prospectively performed in 37 patients with mHNPC and 51 with mCRPC before and after 6-12 mo of androgen deprivation therapy and an androgen receptor pathway inhibitor (ARPI).

How Can Participant Experience of Quality-of-Life Research Be Improved in Cancer Research: Views of the Patient and Public Involvement Representatives from the STAMPEDE2 Prostate Cancer Trial.

Enhancement of the participant experience in quality of life (QOL) research is imperative to improve recruitment and ongoing engagement in QOL studies. Implementation of recommendations made by the patient and public involvement representatives for STAMPEDE2 could optimise the impact of QOL studies, with a benefit for participants and collection of invaluable data for cancer care research.