Evaluation of a validated questionnaire to assess the need for prevention or rehabilitation by preventive health examinations: a cross-sectional study of German employees aged 45 to 59 years (Ü45-check).

Objective: A longer life expectancy can lead to a longer working life and is therefore important for the individual and the healthcare system. Therefore, a study group established a Risk-Index Disability-Pension (RI-DP), which assesses the risk of work disability. However, a standardized and well-founded preventive health examination does not yet exist in Germany.

Cardiac involvement in female elite athletes with carrier status of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a muscle-wasting, progressive, X-linked inherited disease in young male individuals, who-aside from peripheral muscular impairment-may also suffer from severe cardiac complications. In women who are muscular dystrophy carriers (MDCs), muscular symptoms and cardiac complications are less severe or even absent. While male individuals with muscular dystrophy are not usually able to perform strenuous exercise, women who are MDCs can exercise at mild, or even high, intensity.

Dynamic valgus after ACL reconstruction: quadriceps- vs. semitendinosus tendon grafts.

Background: Dynamic valgus is a well-known risk factor for ACL injury. To date, there are no studies on the question of whether patients after harvesting of a semitendinosus tendon for reconstruction of the ACL are more likely to have a valgus knee movement than patients after harvesting of a quadriceps tendon graft.

Hypothesis/purpose: Hypothesis of the present study is that patients with a semitendinosus tendon graft land a drop jump with more in valgus than patients with a quadriceps tendon graft.

Sports Preparticipation Evaluation for Healthy Adults: A Consensus-Based German Guideline.

The benefits of physical activity are undisputed. However, adverse events can occur in rare cases, particularly during high-intensity or prolonged exercise. During physical activity, at-risk patients can experience major cardiac events, whereas adverse events affecting the musculoskeletal system are more common but less severe.

Temporomandibular disorders and the use of oral splints among elite sport athletes: a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study in Germany.

Objective: This retrospective, monocentric, questionnaire-based cross-sectional study investigated self-reported symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and oral splint use among elite German athletes.

Materials And Methods: Elite athletes (all sports except disability sports, 18–35 years old) who completed a questionnaire on oral health in sports between May 2020 and April 2021 were included. The assessed parameters included anamnestic TMD symptoms (3Q/TMD), oral splint use (presence, reason, wearing habits), current stress levels (scale 1–10), current training load (hours/week), and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL; OHIP-G5).

Health and Performance Challenges in the Era of Human Enhancement: Insights from Sport Medicine Professionals.

Background: In the pursuit of sporting success, some elite athletes prioritise peak performance over long-term health, frequently resulting in significant and enduring health consequences. The Enhanced Games (TEG) position themselves as a bold experiment in transhumanism, advocating for the use of performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs), including methods banned by World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), to push the boundaries of human athletic potential.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to explore the perspectives of sport physicians, sport scientists, physiotherapists and other allied healthcare professionals on treating and supporting "enhanced athletes", with the view of informing future guidelines.

Epidemiology of injuries in racket sports: a cross-sectional study of specific injuries within one olympic cycle.

Objective: Despite the growing interest in racket sports, injury prevalence, circumstances and severity as a function of gender, performance level and return to play have not been investigated to date. The aim was therefore to evaluate the occurrence of sport-specific injuries from a quantitative and qualitative perspective in the Olympic disciplines Tennis, Badminton and Table Tennis.

Methods: Injury characteristics were recorded using a three-part questionnaire with 139 items, which was distributed through an online link.

Injuries and illnesses during the 54th FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2023 in Planica: a prospective cohort study.

Objective: To describe the incidence and characteristics of injuries and illnesses that occurred during the 54th Nordic World Ski Championships in Planica (Slovenia) 2023, including the disciplines of cross-country skiing, Nordic combined and ski jumping.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, national medical teams and the medical team of the local organiser collected data on a daily basis on all new, exacerbated or recurrent injuries and illnesses of the registered athletes using the IOC consensus recommendations.

Results: There were 596 registered athletes (250 women, 346 men), all with access to medical services.

Health-related risk factors for subsequent work disability: A systematic literature review.

BackgroundWork disability is a major public health challenge, with various health conditions leading to long-term sickness and early retirement, placing a substantial burden on individuals and society.ObjectiveThis systematic review aimed to identify key health-related risk factors for work disabilities, highlighting the importance of early prevention strategies.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted in 06/2023 using MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE via OVID, and CINAHL via Cochrane Library Trials.

Telemedicine-supported lifestyle intervention for glycemic control in patients with CHD and T2DM: multicenter, randomized controlled trial.

Patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a substantially increased risk for major cardiovascular events and mortality. Increasing physical activity and improving a healthy diet may effectively reduce cardiovascular risk factors; however, the effects are often transient. In a multicenter, 1:1 randomized controlled trial including 502 patients with combined CHD and T2DM (68 ± 8 years; 84% men), we assessed the effects of a home-based telemedicine-supported lifestyle intervention (exercise training, nutritional recommendations and health literacy training) with regular individualized feedback versus usual care.

Improvements in Walking During Subacute Stroke Rehabilitation Translate to Physical Activity at the Chronic Stage: A Sub-Analysis From the Phys Stroke Trial.

Unlabelled: Stroke frequently results in mobility impairments, contributing to an increased cardiovascular risk. Despite efforts to promote physical activity, stroke survivors fail to meet recommended levels. This secondary analysis of the 'Physical Fitness in Patients with Subacute Stroke' (Phys-Stroke) trial analyzes physical activity at 6 months post-stroke, and examines the effect of gains in walking capacity during the subacute phase on physical activity in the chronic stage.

Effects of aerobic exercise on hippocampal formation volume in people with schizophrenia - a systematic review and meta-analysis with original data from a randomized-controlled trial.

Background: The hippocampal formation represents a key region in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Aerobic exercise poses a promising add-on treatment to potentially counteract structural impairments of the hippocampal formation and associated symptomatic burden. However, current evidence regarding exercise effects on the hippocampal formation in schizophrenia is largely heterogeneous.

Effects of high intensity interval training on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor in individuals with PTSD.

Background: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a protein important for synaptic plasticity and formation of memory. It is suggested to play an important role in the development of psychiatric disorders like post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Individuals with PTSD usually show decreased BDNF levels in serum.

Effects of high-intensity interval training on sleep disturbances associated with posttraumatic stress disorder.

Sleep disturbances are common in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder. Exercise interventions are a promising approach in the treatment of sleep disorders, but little is known about the efficacy of exercise interventions for sleep disturbances associated with posttraumatic stress disorder. A total of 40 individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder were randomized to six sessions of either high-intensity interval training or low-to-moderate-intensity training, administered within 12 days.

The Myometric Assessment of Achilles Tendon and Soleus Muscle Stiffness before and after a Standardized Exercise Test in Elite Female Volleyball and Handball Athletes-A Quasi-Experimental Study.

The high prevalence of injuries in female athletes necessitates a course of action that not only enhances research in this field but also incorporates improved prevention programs and regular health monitoring of highly stressed structures such as tendons and muscles. Since myometry is already used by coaches and physiotherapists, it is important to investigate whether tissue stiffness varies in different types of sports, and whether such measures are affected by an acute training session. Myometric measurements of the Achilles tendon (AT) and soleus muscle (SM) were performed in the longitudinal plane and relaxed tendon position.

Rating of Perceived Exertion: A Large Cross-Sectional Study Defining Intensity Levels for Individual Physical Activity Recommendations.

Background: Physical inactivity is a growing risk factor worldwide, therefore getting people into sports is necessary. When prescribing physical activity, it is essential to recommend the correct training intensities. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) enables precise determination of individuals' training intensities but is unavailable for a broad population.

Exercise-Induced Troponin Elevation in High-Performance Cross-Country Skiers.

Troponin I and T are biomarkers to diagnose myocardial infarction and damage. Studies indicate that strenuous physical activity can cause transient increases in these troponin levels, typically considered physiological. However, current data show differences in the exercise-induced increase in troponin I and T in elite athletes.

Predictors of adherence to exercise interventions in people with schizophrenia.

Exercise interventions are nowadays considered as effective add-on treatments in people with schizophrenia but are usually associated with high dropout rates. Therefore, the present study investigated potential predictors of adherence from a large multicenter study, encompassing two types of exercise training, conducted over a 6-month period with individuals with schizophrenia. First, we examined the role of multiple participants' characteristics, including levels of functioning, symptom severity, cognitive performance, quality of life, and physical fitness.

Epidemiology of Injuries in Olympic Sports.

Injuries effect the performance of athletes. Severity of injuries is determined by time loss and sporting performance reduction. To treat injuries adequately, it is necessary to get an overview of varied injuries types in different sports disciplines.

Differences in Troponin I and Troponin T Release in High-Performance Athletes Outside of Competition.

Troponin I and troponin T are critical biomarkers for myocardial infarction and damage and are pivotal in cardiological and laboratory diagnostics, including emergency settings. Rapid testing protocols have been developed for urgent care, particularly in emergency outpatient clinics. Studies indicate that strenuous physical activity can cause transient increases in these troponin levels, which are typically considered benign.

Determining Physiological and Energetic Demands during High-Level Pommel Horse Routines Using a Modified Method Based on Heart Rate-Oxygen Uptake Functions.

This study aimed (1) to assess the validity of a modified method (M) based on heart rate (HR)-oxygen uptake (VO) regression functions to calculate total energy costs (W) and aerobic (W) and anaerobic alactic energy contribution (W) and (2) to analyse the physiological and energetic demands of high-level pommel horse routines (PH routines). The M was developed because VO measurements are limited during high-level PH routines. Answering Part 1, nine male artistic gymnasts performed a PH routine where energy costs were calculated from VO measurements and then compared with energy costs determined from the HR- VO regressions of M's two additional tests.