Intracellular Interleukin-1α in Peritumoral Monocytes Induces IL8 Production and Inhibits Mitophagy to Promote Stemness and Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

IL-1α is a potent inflammatory cytokine that is released by cell necrosis and activates IL-1R. More recently, IL-1α has been shown to have intracellular functions. In the current study, we investigated the expression and distinctive role of IL-1α in tumor progression.

Targeting CD93 on monocytes revitalizes antitumor immunity by enhancing the function and infiltration of CD8 T cells.

Background: Limited activation and infiltration of CD8 T cells are major challenges facing T cell-based immunotherapy for most solid tumors, of which the mechanism is multilayered and not yet fully understood.

Methods: Levels of CD93 expression on monocytes from paired non-tumor, peritumor and tumor tissues of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were evaluated. The underlying mechanisms mediating effects of CD93 monocytes on the inhibition and tumor exclusion of CD8 T cells were studied through both in vitro and in vivo experiments.