Odor Reduction Drives Transition to Heat-Not-Burn Tobacco Products in Poland.

BACKGROUND The World Health Organization has identified tobacco smoking as a major global health crisis, responsible for over 8 million deaths annually and posing significant public health, social, and economic challenges. In response, harm reduction strategies, including the use of heated tobacco products (HnB), have gained attention as potential tools to mitigate the adverse health effects of smoking by offering less harmful alternatives to conventional cigarettes. The aim of this study was to identify the most important decision-making factors for using heat-not-burn (HnB) products among the adult smoker population in Poland.

Daily digital biomarkers in the follow-up and clustering of patients with asthma.

Background And Research Question: We aimed to assess whether levels of digital biomarkers can reflect monthly patterns of asthma control.

Study Design And Methods: We performed a longitudinal study on patients with asthma and comorbid rhinitis who filled ≥26 days of data in a month in the MASK-air® app and who reported at least 1 day of treatment with an inhaled corticosteroid with or without a long-acting β-agonist (ICS ± LABA). We applied k-means cluster analysis to define clusters of months according to daily asthma control and medication use.

Demographic and Physical Determinants of Unhealthy Food Consumption in Polish Long-Term Care Facilities.

Unhealthy food consumption in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) contributes to poor health outcomes among residents. This study aimed to assess its prevalence, identify demographic and physical risk factors, and propose targeted interventions. A mixed-methods study (2017-2021) analyzed data from 1000 Polish LTCF residents (aged 35-105 years).