Large-Scale Dermatopathology Dataset for Lesion Segmentation: Model Development and Analysis.

Background: With the increasing incidence of skin cancer, the workload for pathologists has surged. The diagnosis of skin samples, especially for complex lesions such as malignant melanomas and melanocytic lesions, has shown higher diagnostic variability compared to other organ samples. Consequently, artificial intelligence (AI)-based diagnostic assistance programs are increasingly needed to support dermatopathologists in achieving more consistent diagnoses.

Open versus arthroscopic anterior latissimus dorsi transfer for irreparable subscapularis tear: a multicentre cohort study.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare clinical outcomes between open and arthroscopic anterior latissimus dorsi (LD) transfer techniques for treating irreparable subscapularis (SSC) tears.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent open or arthroscopic anterior LD transfer for irreparable SSC tears between February 2014 and August 2020. Patients were included if they had irreparable SSC tears with Lafosse Grade 4 or higher and Goutallier Grade 3 or higher, but without advanced arthritis (Hamada Grade < 3).

Liver Stiffness Measurements After Oral Antivirals Effectively Predict the Risk of HCC in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C.

Objective: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can still occur in patients with chronic hepatitis C after achieving a sustained virologic response (SVR) with direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy. Therefore, we aimed to identify and validate predictors and HCC risk models using longitudinal data.

Method: This retrospective cohort study included patients who achieved SVR after DAA therapy.

Polygenic scores for psychiatric traits mediate the impact of multigenerational history for depression on offspring psychopathology.

A family history of depression is a well-documented risk factor for offspring psychopathology. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying the intergenerational transmission of depression remain unclear. We used genetic, family history, and diagnostic data from 11,875 9-10 year-old children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study.

Ambient Air Pollution and the Severity of Alzheimer Disease Neuropathology.

Importance: Exposure to fine particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5) may increase risk for dementia. It is unknown whether this association is mediated by dementia-related neuropathologic change found at autopsy.