Static and in-situ synchrotron X-ray microtomography analysis of pharmaceutical tablets.

Pharmaceutical solid dosage forms are designed to control drug release timing and location in the body, ranging from immediate-release to delayed-release formulations such as enteric-coated tablets. Ensuring content uniformity, consistent dissolution, and intact excipients is vital for their efficacy and safety. Manufacturing flaws - like defective coatings, cracks, or porosity - can compromise performance, making precise quality control essential.

Drought legacy in mature spruce alleviates physiological stress during recurrent drought.

Forest ecosystems are facing severe and prolonged droughts with delayed recovery, known as "drought legacy". This study presents positive legacy effects following a long-term, experimental drought and subsequent recovery in a mature mixed Norway spruce and European beech forest. Approximately 50 mature trees were exposed to five consecutive years of summer drought by completely excluding growing season precipitation from May 2014 to June 2019.

Push-out Bond Strength of Bulk-Fill Composites Used as Intracanal Anchorage Material.

Purpose: Evaluation of different composites with varying viscosity for their suitability as intracanal anchorage (ICA) materials using push-out bond strength testing.

Materials And Methods: 48 human maxillary incisors were root filled, crowns partially removed except one residual wall, and distributed into four groups (n = 12), according to one of the following ICA composites: Ormocer (AFx), preheated composite (VB), core build-up (RDC) or flowable (SDR). A 4 mm deep root canal enlargement was prepared using Gates Glidden burrs, and hard tissues were conditioned using a universal adhesive in etch-and-rinse mode.

Calibration of a new transient thermal dissipation-based Internet of Things (IoT)-sensor for xylem sap flow density measurements for three different temperate tree species.

Measuring xylem sap flow is crucial for calculating water use in trees and forests, but remote measurements are challenging, especially regarding power supply. The transient thermal dissipation (TTD) system addresses these challenges by being power-efficient and robust. This study assesses the TreeTalker© system (version TT+), a newly developed battery-powered, Internet of Things (IoT)-based measurement system with new probes in terms of structure and material compared with previous versions.

Redistribution of soil water by mature trees towards dry surface soils and uptake by seedlings in a temperate forest.

Hydraulic redistribution is considered a crucial dryland mechanism that may be important in temperate environments facing increased soil drying-wetting cycles. We investigated redistribution of soil water from deeper, moist to surface, dry soils in a mature mixed European beech forest and whether redistributed water was used by neighbouring native seedlings. In two experiments, we tracked hydraulic redistribution via (1) H labeling and (2) O natural abundance.