Bougie versus endotracheal tube alone on first-attempt intubation success in prehospital emergency intubation in patients without predictors of difficult intubation: protocol for the BETA randomized controlled trial.

Background: Prehospital airway management is a critical and high-risk procedure in emergency medicine. First-pass intubation success is essential to reduce complications such as hypoxemia, aspiration, and hemodynamic instability. Although the bougie is commonly used in inhospital settings for difficult intubations, its routine use in first-attempt prehospital intubation in patients without difficult airway predictors has not been evaluated in randomized controlled trials.

Optimal brain perfusion pressure derived from the continuous monitoring of cerebral autoregulation status during neonatal heart surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass in relation to brain injury: An observational study.

Background: Understanding cerebral blood flow regulation and later optimizing brain perfusion is part of neuroprotection during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in neonates.

Methods: A total of 38 neonates undergoing CPB were monitored using near-infrared spectrometry and mean arterial pressure (MAP). Cerebral autoregulation (CAR) was assessed through the continuous measurement of the Cerebral Oxygenation Index (COx), and CAR-derived metrics were determined by plotting averaged COx values by MAP: Optimal MAP (MAPopt), lower limit of CAR (LLA), upper limit of CAR (ULA).

Patient experience and primary care teams: a cross-sectional survey of French elderly patients.

Objective: To assess whether patient experience is better for patients followed in a primary care team (PCT) than for patients with traditional follow-up in usual care.

Design: A cross-sectional survey based on a self-administered questionnaire.

Setting: Pays de la Loire geographical area (located on the French west coast).

Effect of a Feedback Visit and a Clinical Decision Support System Based on Antibiotic Prescription Audit in Primary Care: Multiarm Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: While numerous antimicrobial stewardship programs aim to decrease inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions, evidence of their positive impact is needed to optimize future interventions.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate 2 multifaceted antibiotic stewardship interventions for inappropriate systemic antibiotic prescription in primary care.

Methods: An open-label, cluster-randomized controlled trial of 2501 general practitioners (GPs) working in western France was conducted from July 2019 to January 2021.

Effects of preoperative treatment on healthcare utilization and return to work for anterior cruciate ligament injuries: a real-world study using the French healthcare database.

Objective: To compare healthcare use and the number of days of sickness benefits between people with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury who received physiotherapy before and after ACL reconstruction (ACLR) and those who received physiotherapy after ACLR only. Secondary aim: to measure the association between the volume of preoperative healthcare and post-ACLR recovery.

Methods: Each individual's care pathway was extracted from a section of the French National Health Data System (SNDS) database (province: Pays de La Loire).

Organized cervical cancer screening: A randomized controlled trial assessing the effect of sending invitation letters.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of implementing two modalities of organized Cervical Cancer Screening (CCS) program on screening uptake after a six-month delay.

Methods: A three-armed cluster randomized control trial was conducted in France between January 8 and July 2, 2021, involving148 510 women aged 40 to 65 and 1070 general practitioners. In the Optimized screening group, an invitation letter was posted to non-adherent women, and general practitioners were sent a list of their non-adherent patients.

Haemodynamic effect of dexmedetomidine during paediatric kidney transplantation.

Background: Dexmedetomidine is increasingly used for its ability to stabilise haemodynamic status during general anaesthesia. However, there is currently no data on paediatric kidney transplant recipients (pKTR). This study investigates the haemodynamic impact of dexmedetomidine administered perioperatively in pKTR.

Pa o2 and Mortality in Neonatal Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Retrospective Analysis of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry, 2015-2020.

Objectives: Extracorporeal life support can lead to rapid reversal of hypoxemia but the benefits and harms of different oxygenation targets in severely ill patients are unclear. Our primary objective was to investigate the association between the Pa o2 after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) initiation and mortality in neonates treated for respiratory failure.

Design: Retrospective analysis of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) Registry data, 2015-2020.

Identification of factors associated with non-adherence to recommended COVID-19 preventive behaviours: a cross-sectional study based on a survey among 1004 French primary care professionals.

Objectives: Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, adherence to preventive behaviours to limit virus spread has been a major issue. The study objective was to identify factors associated with non-adherence to preventive behaviours among general practitioners (GPs) during the COVID-19 pandemic using data from a questionnaire completed during the French National Congress of General Medicine in June 2021.

Design: This descriptive study relied on data collected with a questionnaire during the national congress on general medicine in Bordeaux, France, from 16-18 June 2021.

Breast cancer: a randomized controlled trial assessing the effect of a decision aid on mammography screening uptake: study protocol.

Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) is the primary cancer among women. The World Health Organization recommends a bilateral screening mammogram every 2 years for women aged 50 to 74 years. However, it has been shown that there is an absence of information about the benefits and risks of screening.

Cervical cancer screening uptake: A randomized controlled trial assessing the effect of sending invitation letters to non-adherent women combined with sending their general practitioners a list of their non-adherent patients (study protocol).

Introduction: Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common cancer among women. It can be cured if diagnosed at an early stage and treated promptly. The World Health Organization suggests that 70% of women should be screened with a high-performance test by the age of 35.

A face-to-face national congress experience during the COVID-19 pandemic: A report focussing on the risk of COVID-19 contamination.

Background: The Congress of the National College of Academic General Practitioners took place in France in June 2021. In total, 1300 participants were registered, provoking concerns about the risk of COVID-19 contamination.

Objectives: The study objective was to report participation in the first French face-to-face medical congress after restrictions due to COVID-19 and whether it resulted in COVID-19 contamination.

Does a rabbit have feathers or fur? Development of a 42-item semantic memory test (SMT-42).

Objective: We present the preliminary study of the 42-item Semantic Memory Test (SMT-42), a test developed to distinguish semantic variant primary progressive aphasia (svPPA) from the other variants: logopenic (lPPA) and nonfluent/agrammatic (naPPA). The test requires the patient to retrieve the conceptual features of items belonging to different lexical categories.

Methods: In the first study, we administered the French version of the SMT-42 to a population of healthy subjects and to patients with svPPA matched to a subgroup of the healthy subjects.

Impact of Inflammation on Midazolam Metabolism in Severe COVID-19 Patients.

Midazolam is a benzodiazepine frequently used for sedation in patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This drug is primarily metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) isoenzymes. Several studies have suggested that inflammation, frequently observed in these patients, could modulate CYP3A activity.

Effectiveness of a multi-faceted intervention to deprescribe proton pump inhibitors in primary care: protocol for a population-based, pragmatic, cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Background: Inappropriately using proton pump inhibitors (PPI) is associated with severe adverse drug reactions and may have major consequences on healthcare costs. Deprescribing (the process by which a healthcare professional supervises the withdrawal of an inappropriate medication, to manage polypharmacy and improve outcomes) should be considered when an inappropriate PPI prescription is identified. Deprescribing interventions directed solely to prescribers have limited efficacy and are rarely targeted to patients.

Raltegravir 1200 mg once daily as maintenance therapy in virologically suppressed HIV-1 infected adults: QDISS open-label trial.

Background: Raltegravir (RAL) has favorable tolerability and safety profile, with few and manageable drug interactions. The use of RAL 1200 mg once daily (qd) for first-line therapy is well established. We assessed efficacy and safety of RAL 1200 mg qd, as part of triple combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), for maintenance strategy.

Identifying Clinical Phenotypes in Moderate to Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Related to COVID-19: The COVADIS Study.

Different phenotypes have been identified in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Existence of several phenotypes in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) related acute respiratory distress syndrome is unknown. We sought to identify different phenotypes of patients with moderate to severe ARDS related to COVID-19.

First French study relative to preconception genetic testing: 1500 general population participants' opinion.

Background: Until very recently, preconception genetic testing was only conducted in particular communities, ethnic groups or families for which an increased risk of genetic disease was identified. To detect in general population a risk for a couple to have a child affected by a rare, recessive or X-linked, genetic disease, carrier screening is proposed in several countries. We aimed to determine the current public opinion relative to this approach in France, using either a printed or web-based questionnaire.

Diuretics decrease fluid balance in patients on invasive mechanical ventilation: the randomized-controlled single blind, IRIHS study.

Background: Fluid overload has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. The goal of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of a diuretic strategy to overcome positive fluid balance in patients on invasive mechanical ventilation.

Methods: Design: Multicenter, single-blind, randomized-controlled study.

Random forest of perfect trees: concept, performance, applications and perspectives.

Motivation: The principle of Breiman's random forest (RF) is to build and assemble complementary classification trees in a way that maximizes their variability. We propose a new type of random forest that disobeys Breiman's principles and involves building trees with no classification errors in very large quantities. We used a new type of decision tree that uses a neuron at each node as well as an in-innovative half Christmas tree structure.

Local characteristics associated with higher prevalence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in community-acquired urinary tract infections: an observational, cross-sectional study.

Objectives: The prevalence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-E. coli) in community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTI) has been increasing worldwide since 2000, but with large geographical variations. The aim of this study was to determine whether the ESBL-E.