Laryngeal ultrasound for the prediction of severe laryngomalacia.

Background: Laryngeal ultrasound (LUS) is a noninvasive, painless, and radiation-free imaging method that presents a promising alternative, especially for the dynamic assessment of laryngeal structures. It can also be utilized by general practitioners. This study assesses the diagnostic accuracy, patient comfort, and cost-effectiveness of LUS compared to flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy (FFL) for diagnosing laryngomalacia in infants aged ≤ 2 years with stridor-specific airway issues.

Using the modified OSA-questionnaire to determine the prevalence of a high risk of severe obstructive sleep apnea in children with Down syndrome.

Children with Down syndrome often experience obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), which can be severe and, if untreated, leads to serious complications. Polysomnography, the gold standard for diagnosing OSA, has long waiting lists and poses challenges for these children. The modified OSA-18 questionnaire may help determine the severity of OSA in this population, facilitating the study of its prevalence and risk factors.

Efficacy of Pneumococcal Vaccine on Otitis Media: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To assess the effect of the pneumococcal vaccine (PCV) toward the surgical management and complications of otitis media.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, and clinicaltrial.gov.

Pediatric respiratory tract foreign bodies in children: A systematic review.

Objective: Pediatric respiratory emergencies of airway foreign body (FB) are a common cause of visits to the emergency department (ED) and respiratory failure is a major cause of cardiopulmonary arrest. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the literature and update our current understanding of pediatric respiratory tract FBs in children by clearly considering the aspect of the complications and related factors.

Methods: A systematic search of PubMed and Embase yielded a total of 2035 studies related to the respiratory tract FB in children.

Prevalence of high-risk for obstructive sleep apnea in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder children referred to psychiatry clinic and impact on quality of life.

Objectives: To study the prevalence of high-risk obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children in a child and adolescent psychiatry clinic using the Thai version of the Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea Screening Tool (POSAST) questionnaire. The secondary objective was to evaluate the quality of life and identify associated factors for high-risk OSA in ADHD children.

Study Design: Prospective cross-sectional study.

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Rapid Eye Movement-Related Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children.

Objectives: Different pathophysiological mechanisms and the distribution of respiratory events among rapid eye movement (REM) and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep modulate the effect of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We aimed to study the prevalence and risk factors for REM-related OSA in children.

Study Design: Retrospective, cross-sectional study.

Adenoid measurement accuracy: A comparison of lateral skull film, flexible endoscopy, and intraoperative rigid endoscopy (gold standard).

Objective: To compare the accuracy of lateral skull film, flexible endoscopy, and intraoperative rigid endoscopy in assessment of adenoid size.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 43 pediatric patients undergoing ENT surgery from July 2017 to December 2018. All patients underwent preoperative lateral skull film, flexible endoscopy, and intraoperative rigid endoscopy.

Validity and reliability of the Thai version of the pediatric obstructive sleep apnea screening tool.

Objective: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is highly prevalent in children and requires an expensive and relatively unavailable sleep study for diagnosis. This study was undertaken to translate the previously validated pediatric OSA screening tool (POSAST) to the Thai language and assess its accuracy and test-retest reliability in at-risk symptomatic children.

Study Design: Prospective cross-sectional cohort study.

Association between adenoid bacteriology and clinical characteristics of adenoid-related diseases in children.

Introduction: The aim of this research is to find the association between the pathogenic bacteria obtained from the adenoid culture and clinical characteristics of adenoid-related diseases in children.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we reviewed the medical records of children who had adenoidectomy for adenoid-related diseases. Demographic data, diagnoses, indications for adenoidectomy and bacterial culture results were collected.

Supplemental Oxygen for Treatment of Infants With Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Study Objectives: Supplemental oxygen has been shown to decrease the frequency of obstructive respiratory events during sleep, but may result in alveolar hypoventilation. Limited information exists on the effect of supplemental oxygen on sleep and respiratory events in infants with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of infants with OSA who had sleep studies performed from 2007-2012.

Watch Peripheral Arterial Tonometry in the Diagnosis of Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Objective To assess the accuracy and clinical reliability of watch peripheral arterial tonometry (PAT) compared with polysomnography (PSG) for the diagnosis of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Study Design Prospective, diagnostic test study. Setting National tertiary referral hospital.

Surveillance of Otitis Media With Effusion in Thai Children With Cleft Palate: Cumulative Incidence and Outcome of the Management.

Objective: To study the incidence and outcome of management of otitis media with effusion in Thai children with cleft palate.

Design: Retrospective cohort study in the tertiary care center.

Patients: Ninety-five children with cleft palate were referred for ear evaluation, from June 1997 to January 2015.

Incidence of ototoxicity in pediatric patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia who are less well-chelated by mono- and combined therapy of iron chelating agents.

Ototoxicity due to iron chelation therapy, especially deferoxamine (DFO), is frequently observed in patients who have a higher chelation index (>0.025). However, there is limited data on patients who are less well-chelated and on other chelating regimens, including deferiprone (L1), deferasirox (DFX), and a combination of DFO and L1.

Prevalence and risk factors for central sleep apnea in infants with laryngomalacia.

Objective: To identify the prevalence of and risk factors for central sleep apnea (CSA) in infants who are diagnosed with laryngomalacia.

Study Design: Case series with chart review.

Setting: Quaternary care pediatric hospital.

Ultrasonography in the treatment of a pediatric midline neck mass.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of ultrasonography for determining which pediatric midline neck masses should be treated surgically.

Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: Tertiary care pediatric hospital.