Diagnostic Accuracy of the Madras Head Injury Prognostication Scale (MHIPS) in Predicting Mortality among Traumatic Brain Injury Patients.

Background: Accurate prediction of outcomes in traumatic brain injury (TBI) is crucial for optimizing therapeutic interventions and improving patient survival rates.

Objectives: This article determines the diagnostic accuracy of Madras Head Injury Prognostication Scale (MHIPS) in predicting mortality among patients with TBI, and compares the performance of MHIPS scores with that of Corticosteroid Randomisation after Significant Head Injury (CRASH) and International Mission for Prognosis and Analysis of Clinical Trials (IMPACT) scores.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted among patients (  = 100) with clinical evidence of TBI presenting to the Department of Emergency Medicine, R.

Unveiling the multifunctionality of deep eutectic solvents: Their role as solvents, extracting, and curing agents in β-chitin nanowhisker/DGEBA epoxy composites-A comparative study with α-chitin.

Chitin, a highly valuable mucopolysaccharide, has revolutionized the biomedical industry due to its exceptional properties and versatile applications. With a focus on green chemistry and sustainable development, this study extracted α-chitin from Metapenaeus monoceros and β-chitin from Uroteuthis duvaucelli using an eco-friendly Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) system, consisting of choline chloride (hydrogen bond acceptor) and malonic acid (hydrogen bond donor). Chitin nanowhiskers (CNWs) were synthesized via DES and uniformly incorporated into DGEBA epoxy resin using a modified slurry compounding technique.

A report on outbreak of infestation in broodstock of Java rabbitfish, , ).

Unlabelled: Fish trade and aquaculture activities are considered the major causes of fish and shellfish disease spread and transfer. An outbreak of infectious nature in captive stock of Java rabbitfish () in brackish water tanks was investigated. Microscopic examination revealed different stages of the parasitic dinoflagellate m in the gill filaments of moribund fish.

Pandemic potential of the Nipah virus and public health strategies adopted during outbreaks: Lessons from Kerala, India.

Kerala, a south Indian state witnessed several outbreaks of Nipah encephalitis since 2018, a zoonotic viral disease with significant pandemic potential. This review highlights the relevance of surveillance and health system preparedness, infection control, early diagnosis and treatment with broad-spectrum antivirals, environmental conservation, and community engagement in mitigating Nipah outbreaks. Additionally, it emphasises the importance of developing new biologicals and anti-viral drugs to combat the disease.

Linear prediction on Cent scale for fundamental frequency analysis.

Understanding the fundamental frequency and harmonic content of audio signals is crucial for many applications in music analysis, including music transcription, audio synthesis, and genre identification. This study formulates a signal processing approach combining Linear Prediction (LP) analysis and the Cent scale to accurately characterize the pitch and harmonic structure of the audio signals. Pitch tracking on the LP spectrum in the Cent scale provides more accurate and reliable pitch estimation, especially in the presence of noise or overlapping harmonics.

Evaluation of the Staff Educational Components of the PROMOTE Program to Improve Resident Hydration.

Background/objectives: Inadequate fluid intake is prevalent among older adults living in care settings and can lead to dehydration-related events such as falls and hospitalization. Staff knowledge and confidence using diverse strategies is needed to provide adequate hydration to residents. PROMOTE is a multicomponent intervention designed to support staff to increase resident fluid intake between meals.

An Exploratory-Descriptive Analysis of Training Programs for Leadership in Health Research and Services in India.

Background: There are several leadership training programs for health researchers in India. However, there is a need to develop context-tailored leadership and mentoring approaches.

Objective: The objective of the study is to critically analyze the available leadership training programs in India for health researchers and service providers, for the leadership domains incorporated and overall training approaches.

The burden of dengue and force of infection among children in Kerala, India; seroprevalence estimates from Government of Kerala-WHO Dengue study.

Background: Dengue shows high geographic heterogeneity within and across endemic countries. In the context of increasing burden and predicted outbreaks due to climate change, understanding the heterogeneity will enable us to develop region specific targeted interventions, including vaccination. World Health Organisation (WHO) suggests standard methodologies to study the burden and heterogeneity at national and subnational levels.

Vertical transmission and prevalence of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in the wild spawning population of the Indian white shrimp, Penaeus indicus.

White spot disease, caused by white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), has historically been the most devastating disease in shrimp aquaculture industry across the world. The mode of virus transmission is the most crucial stage in the dynamics and management of virus infection. This study explored the mechanism of vertical transmission of WSSV in Indian white shrimp, Penaeus indicus, potential native species for domestication and genetic improvement, using quantitative real time PCR (q RT PCR), light and electron microscopy, and in situ hybridization.

Fever of Unknown Origin and Cluster Headache: A COVID-19 Conundrum.

We present a young girl with a family history of GPA who presented with fever of unknown origin and subsequently developed a secondary cluster headache. We hypothesize that the clinical manifestations are likely associated with hypothalamic dysregulation as a consequence of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19. Notably, the patient showed clinical improvement following the commencement of corticosteroid treatment.

A multivariate and quantitative assessment of medicinal plants used by the indigenous Malayali tribes in the Javadhu hills of Tiruvannamalai district, Tamil Nadu, India.

The study of medicinal plants with their traditional uses and related pharmacological studies has received more attention during the past several decades around the world. The Malayali tribes of the Javadhu Hills in the Eastern Ghats rely heavily on a system of traditional medicine for healthcare. A qualitative ethnographic method with a semi-structured questionnaire was used to interview 52 people across 11 localities in the Javadhu Hills.

The mucormycosis and stroke: The learning curve during the second COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The Angio-invasive Rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) producing strokes is a less explored entity. Our hospital, a stroke-ready one, had an opportunity to manage mucormycosis when it was identified as the nodal center for mucormycosis management. We are sharing our experiences and mistakes in managing the cerebrovascular manifestations of ROCM.

COVID-19 and Stroke Trends in A Tertiary Care Center from South India -Our Monsoon Experience.

Introduction: The unprecedented challenges during the COVID pandemic and the subsequent lockdown had resulted in a delay in treatment metrics for acute stroke. There is a rising concern that COVID-19 co-infection can adversely affect stroke outcome. We aim to investigate the impact of COVID-19 in the management of stroke patients.

Intravenous cannula induced phlebitis in a tertiary care referral hospital: A prospective observational study with implication from patient's feedback system.

Background: Medicines delivered directly to systemic circulation have saved many lives from life-threatening conditions, but also can impart undesirable effects.

Materials And Methods: A prospective observational study was performed for 10 months in the tertiary care hospital to identify and evaluate cannula induced phlebitis in our study population. The data collection form retrieved demographic details, diseases and cannulation particulars of each patient.

Microbial community composition associated with early developmental stages of the Indian white shrimp, Penaeus indicus.

Gut microbiota is known to influence the physiology, health, nutrient absorption, reproduction, and other metabolic activities of aquatic organisms. Microbial composition can influence intestinal immunity and are considered as health indicators. Information on gut microbial composition provides potential application possibilities to improve shrimp health and production.

In vitro fertilization and hybridization potential of the Indian white shrimp (Penaeus indicus).

Managing the reproduction of shrimp farmed in captivity is essential for selective breeding and interspecies hybridization. Procedures have not been developed for conducting in vitro fertilization in penaeid shrimp. In this study, the feasibility of in vitro fertilization (IVF) of the pre-ovulatory oocyte of Penaeus indicus was examined.

Investigation on the Thermo-Oxidative Degradation of Polyethylene, Poly(vinyl chloride), and Polystyrene Using NiPIm and NiPIm Nanocomposites.

In this work, we report the synthesis of two nanoscale composites of nickel, NiPIm and NiPIm (NiPIm = [Ni(CHN)(HO)](HPO)(HO)·0.3(CHN) and NiPIm = [Ni(CHN)(HO)](HPO)(HO)·0.4(CHN)·HO), characterization by various instrumental methods and the investigation of the thermo-oxidative degradation of polyethylene (PE), poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), and polystyrene (PS) in the presence of both nanocomposites.

The Yield of Repeat Angiography in Angiography-Negative Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

 Despite the technological advancement in imaging, digital subtraction angiography (DSA) remains gold standard imaging modality for spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). But even after DSA, around 15% of SAH remains elusive for the cause of the bleed. This is an institutional review to solve the mystery, "when is second DSA really indicated?"  In a retrospective review from January 2015 to December 2017, we evaluated cases of spontaneous SAH with initial negative DSA with repeat DSA after 6 weeks to rule out vascular abnormality.

Data-driven measurement of precision of components of pitch curves in Carnatic music.

Carnatic music (CM) is characterized by continuous pitch variations called gamakas, which are learned by example. Precision is measured on the points of zero-slope in gamaka- and non-gamaka-segments of the pitch curve as the standard deviation (SD) of the error in their pitch with respect to targets. Two previous techniques are considered to identify targets: the nearest semitone and the most likely mean of a semi-continuous Gaussian mixture model.

Preliminary Evidence of Successful Near Vision Enhancement With a New Technique: PrEsbyopic Allogenic Refractive Lenticule (PEARL) Corneal Inlay Using a SMILE Lenticule.

Purpose: To describe a new technique (PrEsbyopic Allogenic Refractive Lenticule [PEARL] inlay) using an allogenic corneal inlay prepared from a small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) lenticule.

Methods: A SMILE lenticule of specified thickness (mean: 61.5 ± 3.

Image Registration and Change Detection under Rolling Shutter Motion Blur.

In this paper, we address the problem of registering a distorted image and a reference image of the same scene by estimating the camera motion that had caused the distortion. We simultaneously detect the regions of changes between the two images. We attend to the coalesced effect of rolling shutter and motion blur that occurs frequently in moving CMOS cameras.

Mass cultivation of UV-B adapted Arthrospira platensis RRGK under open raceway pond for the production of Poly-β-hydroxy butyrate.

Six different strains of cyanobacteria were isolated from the freshwater lake, Arakkonam, India. Staining of cells with Nile Red showed the presence of large quantities of PHB granules in the cell cytoplasm of Arthrospira. Molecular identification of the strain was carried out using 16S rRNA analysis and their systematic position was ascertained as Arthrospira platensis RRGK.

Optimization of polyhydroxybutyrate production utilizing waste water as nutrient source by Botryococcus braunii Kütz using response surface methodology.

Investigations have been made to optimize various factors including pH, temperature, and substrate for enhanced polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production in Botryococcus braunii which serves as a pioneer for production of bioplastic (PHB). Polyhydroxybutyrate is a natural, decomposable polymers accumulated by the microorganism under different nutritional condition. Strain selection was done by staining method using Sudan black and Nile red dye.

Acinic cell carcinoma of buccal mucosa: An unusual presentation.

Acinic cell carcinoma (ACC) is a rare epithelial malignant neoplasm of salivary glands affecting predominantly the female population. Unusual occurrences of this neoplasm are reported in hard palate, maxillary sinuses, lip, etc. [1] We report one such case where a submandibular swelling that is provisionally diagnosed as pleomorphic adenoma due to its clinical and radiological findings, turned out to be ACC on histopathological evaluation.