'Silent Losses-Silent Data': Reviewing Stillbirth Data Quality in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Using Data Quality Dimensions.

Precise data is crucial for policy decision-making, especially in sensitive outcomes like stillbirth, where each data element have significant effects. Following years of advancement in the healthcare domain, there is a pressing need to improve data-based policymaking by addressing both the social context and emotional dimensions. This holds true for any healthcare condition including stillbirth, which demands the attention of healthcare managers, researchers and policymakers.

Percutaneous Vertebroplasty With Cement-Augmented Hollow Screw Fixation for Kümmell Disease: A Case Report Highlighting Diagnostic Challenges and Surgical Outcomes.

This case report presents a 79-year-old male with Kümmell disease (KD) who experienced progressive lower back pain following a minor fall. Imaging confirmed L1 vertebral collapse with osteonecrosis and posterior ligamentous complex (PLC) injury (thoracolumbar injury classification and severity score (TLICS) score=5). The patient underwent successful percutaneous vertebroplasty with cement-augmented hollow screw fixation under local anesthesia, resulting in immediate pain relief and restored spinal stability.

Trends in Anemia Prevalence Among Indian Women Using Revised WHO Hemoglobin Cutoffs: Insights From Repeated Cross-Sectional Surveys (1998-2019).

This study reanalyzes the data from India based on revised cutoffs on hemoglobin (Hb) as updated by World Health Organization (WHO) to inform policy decisions. The study analyzes change in prevalence of anemia among pregnant women in different trimesters and nonpregnant women in India using data from nationally representative survey (1998-1999 to 2019-2021). Changes in mean Hb concentration and in anemia prevalence using revised Hb cutoffs were analyzed.

Unraveling the complexity of selected adverse neonatal outcomes in India: a multilevel analysis using data from a nationally representative sample survey.

Introduction: The burden of adverse neonatal outcomes (ANOs), encompassing preterm birth(PTB), low birth weight(LBW), and early neonatal deaths, remain significant public health challenge globally, particularly in developing countries. The study aims to provide estimates of adverse birth outcomes and examine their correlates by using a multi-level model analysis at individual/household/community level.

Methodology: The study has chosen three ANOs such as preterm birth(PTB), low birth weight(LBW), and early neonatal deaths (based on available data) for constructing a combined indicator which is calculated by the presence of any one of these variables.

Metabolomic Biomarkers for Prognosis in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The prognostic biomarkers, or metabolites, have gained relevance due to their significance in predicting clinical and therapeutic outcomes and guiding informed therapy options. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of metabolites in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) through an array of literature. The PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were comprehensively searched for eligible studies published between January 2010 and August 2022, using related keywords and MeSH terms.

Serum Biomarkers and Gene Polymorphisms in COPD and COPD with T2DM Patients.

Inflammation plays an important role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Increasing evidence points to the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We investigated the adiponectin: leptin and IL-8 genes in COPD-induced T2DM patients, along with the effect of polymorphism on the levels of these cytokines.

Association of Specific Dietary Fatty Acids with Asthma in Urban School Children and Adolescents: Inferences from a Cross-Sectional Multicentric Study From India.

Objective: To assess the association of dietary fatty acids with asthma in Indian school children.

Methods: Children aged 6-16 years were enrolled from randomly selected urban schools in 10 cities. The International Study on Asthma and Allergies in Childhood Phase III Questionnaire was used to assess the prevalence of asthma.

The severity of non-smoking chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is correlated with biomass fuel exposure and COPD assessment test score.

Background And Objective: Tobacco smoking is an established risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Current evidence suggests that non-tobacco-related risk factors vary geographically and are less understood than smoking. This study aims to compare the risk factors, symptoms, and clinical features of smoking (S-COPD) and non-smoking (NS-COPD) in a COPD population.

Hidden hunger in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its effect on glycaemic control: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Hidden hunger or micronutrient deficiencies are quite common in many parts of the world, particularly in the countries of sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Micronutrient deficiencies may impact insulin signalling pathways and glucose metabolism, potentially accelerating the onset and development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). This review aims to estimate the prevalence of multiple micronutrient deficiencies among patients with T2D and assess the effect of their deficiency on glycaemic control.

Examining birth preparedness and complication readiness: a systematic review and meta-analysis of pregnant and recently delivered women in India.

Background: Birth preparedness and complication readiness (BPCR) is an essential component of safe motherhood programs. This study aims to systematically identify and synthesize available evidence on birth preparedness and complication readiness among pregnant and recently delivered women in India.

Methods: The study followed PRISMA guidelines and used databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, and ProQuest.

Clinical outcome post treatment of anemia in pregnancy with intravenous versus oral iron therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Oral iron therapy is often the most common way of treating anaemia; however intravenous iron is considered effective due to rapid iron replenishment. We have dearth of evidence on clinical outcomes post treatment of anaemia. We have searched studies published in English in PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, ProQuest, and Google Scholar.

The relationship between BCG immunotherapy and oxidative stress parameters in patients with nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer.

Introduction: Environmental chemicals have been associated with the regulation of oxidative stress markers, which have the potential for the development of bladder cancer. However, limited studies on the function of oxidative stress parameters and nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) in therapy response are available. Here we studied the oxidative stress parameters in response to BCG immunotherapy in NMIBC patients.

Assessment of Blood Lead Level of School Children in 10 Cities of India: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objectives: To assess the blood lead level (BLL) of school children in 10 cities of India.

Methods: This multi-centric cross-sectional study enrolled participants from randomly selected schools. Data on demographic details, socioeconomic status (SES) and anthropometric indicators was collected.

Association of dietary intake with micronutrient deficiency in Indian school children: a cross-sectional study.

Adequate nutrition is necessary during childhood and early adolescence for adequate growth and development. Hence, the objective of the study was to assess the association between dietary intake and blood levels of minerals (calcium, iron, zinc, and selenium) and vitamins (folate, vitamin B12, vitamin A, and vitamin D) in urban school going children aged 6-16 years in India, in a multicentric cross-sectional study. Participants were enrolled from randomly selected schools in ten cities.

A Historical Perspective on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: From Past to Present.

René-Théophile-Hyacinthe Laennec in his book "Treatise of the Diseases of the Chest" discussed the emphysema in 1821. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been around for at least 202 years, from 1821 to 2023 (but the disease itself is much older than that). It is believed that William Briscoe first used the term COPD in June 1965, at the 9th Aspen Emphysema Conference.

Effect of morning versus night-time administration of proton pump inhibitor (pantoprazole) on thyroid function test in levothyroxine-treated primary hypothyroidism: a prospective cross-over study.

Background: One of the common causes of suboptimal control of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in levothyroxine-treated hypothyroidism is coadministration of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Morning administration of pantoprazole has been shown to suppress intragastric pH to a greater extent. We therefore aimed to determine the effect of pantoprazole at different time points of the day on thyroid function test (TFT) in levothyroxine-treated overt primary hypothyroidism.

Nanoencapsulation of Docetaxel Induces Concurrent Apoptosis and Necroptosis in Human Oral Cancer Cells (SCC-9) via TNF-α/RIP1/RIP3 Pathway.

Human oral squamous cell carcinoma is the sixth most frequent malignant cancer, with an unacceptably high death rate that affects people's health. Albeit, there are several clinical approaches for diagnosing and treating oral cancer they are still far from ideal. We previously synthesised and characterised the docetaxel nanoformulation (PLGA-Dtx) and discovered that docetaxel nanoencapsulation may suppress oral cancer cells.

Identifying risk of death in children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia.

Objective: To externally validate a tool developed by the Pneumonia Research Partnership to Assess WHO Recommendations study group for identification of the risk of death in children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia, the PREPARE tool.

Methods: We did a secondary analysis of data collected during hospital-based surveillance of children with community-acquired pneumonia in northern India from January 2015 to February 2022. We included children aged 2-59 months with pulse oximetry assessment.

Alarming Trends of Cesarean Section-Time to Rethink: Evidence From a Large-Scale Cross-sectional Sample Survey in India.

Background: Cesarean section (CS) delivery rate has increased significantly both globally and in India, thereby posing a burden on overstretched health systems.

Objective: This study plans to understand the factors associated with CS rate with an objective to (1) analyze the trends of CS delivery from 1998-99 to 2019-21 and (2) understand the proximate determinants of CS deliveries in India.

Methods: Analysis of secondary data (National Family Health Survey) of a nationally representative sample of 230,870 women (year 2019-21) was undertaken to explore the trends, distribution, and determinants of CS deliveries in India and within states.