A prophage-encoded sRNA limits lytic phage infection of adherent-invasive .

Prophages are prevalent features of bacterial genomes that can reduce susceptibility to lytic phage infection, yet the mechanisms involved are often elusive. Here, we identify a small RNA () encoded by the lambdoid prophage NC-SV in adherent-invasive (AIEC) strain NC101 that confers resistance to lytic coliphages. Comparative genomic analyses revealed that NC-SV-like prophages and homologs are conserved across diverse Enterobacteriaceae.