Transgene expression and root hair deformation of transgenic rice plants harbouring legume-specific Nod factor receptor genes in the presence and absence of nitrogen when inoculated with Sinorhizobium meliloti.

Background: Nitrogen-fixing symbiosis is an effect of crosstalk between legumes and rhizobia, mediated by Nod factors (NF) recognized by legume-specific nod factor (NF) receptors. Developing this symbiotic capability in cereal crops like rice is a promising strategy to reduce dependency on synthetic nitrogen fertilizers, but it is neither simple nor easy. To find whether legume-specific Nod Factor receptor genes are expressed in rice and whether they can change root hair morphology.

Overexpression of OsCCR1, OsCOMT5, OsCAD2 and OsCCoAOMT1 Genes Enhances Lignin Accumulation and Confers Tolerance Against Rhizoctonia solani in Rice (Oryza sativa).

The necrotrophic fungus, Rhizoctonia solani is the major cause of sheath blight, a disease that leads to a significant reduction in rice yield, posing a serious threat to food security. Traditional breeding approaches have struggled to develop effective resistance, highlighting the importance of transgenic technology as a promising solution. This study explored the relationship between enhanced lignin production and the overexpressing key lignin biosynthesis genes (OsCCR1, OsCOMT5, OsCAD2, and OsCCoAOMT1), demonstrating that increased lignin accumulation strengthens defense mechanisms against R.

Towards assembling functional cyanobacterial β-carboxysomes in Oryza sativa chloroplasts.

The major limiting factor of photosynthesis in C3 plants is the enzyme, rubisco which inadequately distinguishes between carbon dioxide and oxygen. To overcome catalytic deficiencies of Rubisco, cyanobacteria utilize advanced protein microcompartments, called the carboxysomes which envelopes the enzymes, Rubisco and Carbonic Anhydrase (CA). These microcompartments facilitate the diffusion of bicarbonate ions which are converted to CO by CA, following in an increase in carbon flux near Rubisco boosting CO fixation process.

Host-induced silencing of the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides conidial morphology 1 gene (CgCOM1) confers resistance against Anthracnose disease in chilli and tomato.

Host mediated silencing of COM1 gene of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides disables appressorial differentiation and effectively prevents the development of Anthracnose disease in chilli and tomato. Anthracnose disease is caused by the ascomycetes fungal species Colletotrichum, which is responsible for heavy yield losses in chilli and tomato worldwide. Conventionally, harmful pesticides are used to contain anthracnose disease with limited success.