Recombinant TSH Performs as Well as Thyroid Hormone Withdrawal for Iodine-131 Therapy With Dosimetry for Thyroid Cancer.

Introduction: Dosimetry helps calculate the optimal iodine-131 (I-131) dose for treating metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). We aimed to evaluate if recombinant human TSH (rhTSH) and thyroid hormone withdrawal (THW) are equivalent methods of preparation for dosimetry-guided I-131 therapy in metastatic DTC.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of 51 adults with metastatic DTC who received I-131 with dosimetry from 2010 through 2022.

Thyroid Cancer Survivorship: Challenges and Opportunities.

Objective: To provide a narrative review of challenges and opportunities in the care of thyroid cancer survivors.

Methods: A literature search for full-text articles pertaining to quality of life and survivorship in thyroid cancer was performed and supplemented with personal experience of the authors.

Results: Despite usually favorable prognosis for most thyroid cancer survivors, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) can be as poor or even worse than that in more aggressive cancers.

Outcomes of Cytologically Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules Managed With Genomic Sequencing Classifier.

Context: Molecular testing can refine the risk of malignancy in thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology to decrease unnecessary diagnostic surgery.

Objective: This study was performed to evaluate the outcomes of cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules managed with Afirma genomic sequencing classifier (GSC) testing.

Methods: Adult patients who underwent a biopsy at 3 major academic centers between July 2017 and June 2021 with Bethesda III or IV cytology were included.

Excellent Response to Therapy Occurs for Most Patients With Thyroid Cancer Treated With Lobectomy.

Introduction: American Thyroid Association (ATA) Guidelines for Management of Thyroid Nodules and Thyroid Cancer indicate that thyroid lobectomy (TL) or total thyroidectomy (TT) are appropriate surgery for low- and intermediate-risk well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma. We sought to determine outcomes of TL or TT by ATA response to therapy (RTT) classification.

Methods: This is a single-institution retrospective cohort study of adults with unilateral suspicious or malignant thyroid nodules under 4 cm from January 2016 through December 2021.

Comparison of Afirma GEC and GSC to Nodules Without Molecular Testing in Cytologically Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules.

Background: Analysis of cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules with Afirma Gene Expression Classifier (GEC) and Genomic Sequencing Classifier (GSC) can reduce surgical rate and increase malignancy rate of surgically resected indeterminate nodules.

Methods: Retrospective cohort analysis of all adults with cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules from January 2013 through December 2019. We compared surgical and malignancy rates of those without molecular testing to those with GEC or GSC, analyzed test performance between GEC and GSC, and identified variables associated with molecular testing.

Patient Reported Outcome Measures of Health-Related Quality of Life and Asthenia after Thyroidectomy.

Background: After thyroidectomy some patients experience a chronic fatigue syndrome called asthenia. The purpose of this study was to determine the post-operative health related quality of life (HRQOL) and risk of asthenia in patients undergoing thyroidectomy.

Methods: A single institution prospective observational cohort study of adults undergoing thyroidectomy from September 2016 to July 2019 with four HRQOL surveys: preoperative baseline, 2 wk-, 6 mo- and 12 mo-postoperatively.

Postoperative thyroid hormone supplementation rates following thyroid lobectomy.

Background: Thyroid lobectomy is performed for symptomatic benign nodules, indeterminate nodules, or low-risk well-differentiated thyroid cancer. We aimed to determine factors associated with need for thyroid hormone supplementation following thyroid lobectomy.

Methods: We performed a retrospective single-institution cohort study of patients undergoing thyroid lobectomy from January 2016 to December 2017.

Postoperative thyroid hormone supplementation rates following thyroid lobectomy.

Background: Thyroid lobectomy is performed for symptomatic benign nodules, indeterminate nodules, or low-risk well differentiated thyroid cancer. We aimed to determine factors associated with thyroid stimulating hormone over goal (TH) following lobectomy.

Methods: We performed a retrospective single-institution cohort study of patients undergoing thyroid lobectomy from January 2016 to December 2017.

MnTnBuOE-2-PyP treatment protects from radioactive iodine (I-131) treatment-related side effects in thyroid cancer.

Treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer often involves administration of radioactive iodine (I-131) for remnant ablation or adjuvant therapy. However, there is morbidity associated with I-131 therapy, which can result in both acute and chronic complications. Currently, there are no approved radioprotectors that can be used in conjunction with I-131 to reduce complications in thyroid cancer therapy.

Serum Thyroglobulin: Preoperative Levels and Factors Affecting Postoperative Optimal Timing following Total Thyroidectomy.

Objective: We evaluated if preoperative TG levels affected postoperative levels and if other factors may influence the optimal time to check postoperative TG.

Methods: This is a prospective, observational pilot study. We approved and enrolled 50 subjects ≥ 19 years scheduled for total thyroidectomy and measured serum TG, thyroglobulin antibody (TG ab), and TSH preoperatively and post thyroidectomy at 7-14 days, 4 and 6 weeks, and 3 months in subjects with benign pathology, with additional 6- and 12-month measurements in subjects with thyroid cancer.

Afatinib radiosensitizes head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells by targeting cancer stem cells.

The dismal prognosis of locally advanced and metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) is primarily due to the development of resistance to chemoradiation therapy (CRT). Deregulation of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) signaling is involved in HNSCC pathogenesis by regulating cell survival, cancer stem cells (CSCs), and resistance to CRT. Here we investigated the radiosensitizing activity of the pan-EGFR inhibitor afatinib in HNSCC in vitro and in vivo.

Cardiometabolic Effects of a New Class of Antidiabetic Agents.

Purpose: Within the past decade, many new classes of drugs have received approval from the US Food and Drug Administration for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, including glucagon-like peptide-1agonists, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, and the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors. Many trials have been performed, and several more are currently ongoing to evaluate these drugs. This review addresses the broad therapeutic and pleiotropic effects of these drugs.