A Natural Language Processing Method Identifies an Association Between Bacterial Communities in the Upper Genital Tract and Ovarian Cancer.

Bacterial communities within the female upper genital tract may influence the risk of ovarian cancer. In this retrospective cohort pilot study, we aim to detect different communities of bacteria between ovarian cancer and normal controls using topic modeling, a natural language processing tool. RNA was extracted and analyzed using the VITCOMIC2 pipeline.

Training, Validating, and Testing Machine Learning Prediction Models for Endometrial Cancer Recurrence.

Purpose: Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecologic cancer in the United States with rising incidence and mortality. Despite optimal treatment, 15%-20% of all patients will recur. To better select patients for adjuvant therapy, it is important to accurately predict patients at risk for recurrence.

Identification of Ovarian High-Grade Serous Carcinoma with Mitochondrial Gene Variation.

Women diagnosed with advanced-stage ovarian cancer have a much worse survival rate than women diagnosed with early-stage ovarian cancer, but the early detection of this disease remains a clinical challenge. Some recent reports indicate that genetic variations could be useful for the early detection of several malignancies. In this pilot observational retrospective study, we aimed to assess whether mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variations could discriminate the most frequent type of ovarian cancer, high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), from normal tissue.

Urgent Follow-up after Outpatient Nonstress Tests and the Potential for Fetal Monitoring at Home.

Objective: This study aimed to measure the proportion of patients needing urgent clinical follow-up after an abnormal outpatient nonstress test (NST). We further sought to capture the patient perspective on the acceptability of performing NSTs at home.

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study was performed over a 2-year period to determine the frequency of abnormal NSTs in a hospital-based, antepartum testing unit in patients greater than or equal to 32 weeks' gestation.

Association of High Tumor Mutation Burden in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers With Increased Immune Infiltration and Improved Clinical Outcomes of PD-L1 Blockade Across PD-L1 Expression Levels.

Importance: Although tumor mutation burden (TMB) has been explored as a potential biomarker of immunotherapy efficacy in solid tumors, there still is a lack of consensus about the optimal TMB threshold that best discriminates improved outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy among patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Objectives: To determine the association between increasing TMB levels and immunotherapy efficacy across clinically relevant programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) levels in patients with NSCLC.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This multicenter cohort study included patients with advanced NSCLC treated with immunotherapy who received programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) or PD-L1 inhibition in the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), and in the Stand Up To Cancer (SU2C)/Mark Foundation data sets.

Case Series: Redefining Severe Grade 5 Vaginismus.

Introduction: Vaginismus is poorly understood and relatively unknown among health care providers. For those who understand and treat vaginismus, few make an assessment of the severity of this condition. The importance of classifying the severity of vaginismus impacts the clinician's ability to diagnose and treat vaginismus, and understanding of the patient's experience.

Unresponsive Intractable Chronic Headache With Sitagliptin.

Sitagliptin is an anti-diabetic medication within the dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitor class used as a single agent or in combination therapy. It is a well-studied and well-tolerated medication with commonly reported adverse events of upper respiratory tract infections, nasopharyngitis, headache, and gastrointestinal (GI) upset. Post-marketing reports have also identified associations with acute pancreatitis and joint pain.

Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease in a Young African American Male.

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD), also known as histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is an extremely rare, self-limiting disorder which typically presents with fever and painful, unilateral cervical lymphadenopathy in previously healthy individuals. Here, we describe a case of KFD which initially presented with fever of unknown origin. Due to its non-specific symptoms and low incidence, KFD poses a diagnostic conundrum for clinicians.