Titanium dioxide nanoparticles - physicochemical characterization and cytotoxic risk.

Titanium dioxide (TiO) nanoparticles (NPs) are incorporated into numerous consumer products yet data as to potential adverse health effects remains inconclusive. In this paper we physically characterize 16 nanoforms of TiO from different manufacturers of different size, crystalline structure and surface chemistry. Physical measurements of the particles were performed and compared with those provided by manufacturers revealing several discrepancies.

Characterization and Cellular Toxicity Studies of Commercial Manganese Oxide Nanoparticles.

Manganese oxide nanoparticles (MnO NPs) are finding applications in several environmentally important areas such as farming and energy storage. MnO NPs span a range of metal oxidation states that open up a wide range of applications in catalysis as well. As a result, it is important to understand how such materials can impact human health through incidental exposure.

Physical Characterization and Cellular Toxicity Studies of Commercial NiO Nanoparticles.

Nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles from several manufacturers with different reported sizes and surface coatings were characterized prior to assessing their cellular toxicity. The physical characterization of these particles revealed that sizes often varied from those reported by the supplier, and that particles were heavily agglomerated when dispersed in water, resulting in a smaller surface area and larger hydrodynamic diameter upon dispersion. Cytotoxicity testing of these materials showed differences between samples; however, correlation of these differences with the physical properties of the materials was not conclusive.