I simply have to accompany my parents to sell, nothing else!: a multi-method exploration of barriers and facilitators of extracurricular physical activity among Mexican schoolchildren.

Background: The time spent physically active outside of school (e.g., extracurricular physical activity) is an important contributor to children's total daily physical activity for health and well-being.

[Not Available].

Los primeros mil días, desde la concepción hasta los dos años de edad, es una etapa crítica para el desarrollo y prevención de la mala nutrición en todas sus formas, y una ventana de oportunidad para la implementación de intervenciones que aseguren el óptimo desarrollo y mejoren el capital humano. Este artículo especial tiene como objetivo presentar los principales retos para la atención a la salud y nutrición en los primeros mil días, los avances en el desarrollo e implementación de una estrategia para tal fin y formular recomendaciones de política pública prioritarias para la próxima administración.

[Not Available].

Objetivo: Evaluar el cumplimiento de las prácticas de alimentación complementaria (PAC) de acuerdo con las recomendaciones de las Guías Alimentarias Saludables y Sostenibles de México para infantes y niñas/os pequeños (GASS), documentar las principales barreras existentes para PAC óptimas y formular recomendaciones de política pública para su atención. Material y métodos. Se utilizaron datos de la Ensanut Continua de 2021 a 2023 para evaluar la adherencia de las PAC a las GASS mediante un índice que valoró cinco dimensiones (edad de introducción, edad óptima de introducción, lactancia materna continuada, consumo de alimentos recomendados y frecuencia de tiempos de comida) (asignando 1 o 0 puntos por cumplimiento).

[Not Available].

Objetivo: Analizar las tendencias y distribución de la mala nutrición en menores de cinco años en México de 1988 a 2023 y discutir las posibles causas. Material y métodos. Se analizó información sobre estado de nutrición y características sociodemográficas de 5 987 menores de cinco años de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2020, 2021, 2022 y 2023; la información se comparó con resultados de las encuestas previas.

[Not Available].

Objetivo: Estimar las brechas en lactancia materna (LM) en México para alcanzar las metas del objetivo global de nutrición sobre LM al 2030 (OGN 2030) y emitir recomendaciones de política pública. Material y métodos. Se utilizó información de mujeres (12-59 años) y sus hijos/as <24 meses de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición (Ensanut) 2021 a 2023 para la estimación de indicadores de LM de acuerdo con variables sociodemográficas.

Mexican national dietary guidelines promote less costly and environmentally sustainable diets.

The 2023 Mexican Healthy and Sustainable Dietary Guidelines (HSDG 2023) were developed to include all dimensions of sustainability. Here we compare the environmental impact and cost of diets based on the HSDG 2023, current diets and the Mexican-adapted EAT healthy reference diet. Diets following HSDG 2023 are 21% less expensive, require 30% less land to be produced and have 34% less carbon emissions than current diets-particularly in Mexico City and other urban areas with higher prevalence of Westernized diets.

Massive open online course on breastfeeding during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico.

Background: COVID-19 virus was reported to be transmitted through breastfeeding (BF), creating the need for rapidly available, standardized information and training for health personnel and the community about BF as an urgent action to reduce misinformation and unethical promotion of breast milk substitutes (BMS). In Mexico, a massive open online course (MOOC) was designed and implemented to protect, promote and support BF in emergency contexts.

Methods: MOOC registration consisted of collection of quantitative data regarding participant characteristics, MOOC coverage, scores achieved and completion rates.

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Objetivo: Conocer las prevalencias de acceso a servicios de salud maternoinfantil. Material y métodos. Se estimaron prevalencias e intervalos de confianza al 95% de acceso a servicios de salud prenatal de madres de niñas/os menores de dos años y de servicios de salud para niñas/os menores de cinco años.

[Not Available].

Objetivo: Estimar prevalencias de indicadores de prácticas de alimentación infantil en menores de 24 meses en México. Material y métodos. Análisis de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición Continua 2021 y 2022 (Ensanut Continua 2021 y 2022) en mujeres de 14-59 años y sus hijos/as menores de 24 meses (<24 meses).

[Not Available].

Objetivo: Describir la tendencia en las prácticas de alimentación infantil en México antes y después de la pandemia por Covid-19, usando datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición (Ensanut) 2012, 2018-19, 2021 y 2022. Material y métodos. Población: mujeres 12-59 años y sus hijos/as < 24 meses.

Perceptions, knowledge, and practices of breastfeeding in indigenous regions of Mexico during Covid-19 pandemic.

Objective: To explore the perceptions, knowledge, and practices of breastfeeding in the context of Covid-19 of pregnant and postpartum women, midwives, and health providers in an indigenous region of Chiapas, Mexico.

Materials And Methods: Qualitative thematic analysis study involving semi-structured interviews (n = 46) with pregnant women (n = 19), postpartum women (n = 6), health providers (n = 10, i.e.

Latin America and the Caribbean Code Against Cancer 1st edition: Building capacity on cancer prevention to primary healthcare professionals.

Introduction: Every year 1.5 million new cancer cases are diagnosed in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Of these, about 40 % could be prevented.

Investment case for the prevention and reduction of childhood and adolescent overweight and obesity in Mexico.

Despite efforts to curb the rise in Mexico's child and adolescent overweight and obesity rates, prevalence in Mexico has grown by 120% since 1990 to 43.3% in 2022. This investment case identifies policies that will produce the largest returns for Mexico.

Anaemia in adolescent women: A priority for the nutrition agenda in Mexico. A comparison of data from the ENSANUT 2012 and 2018-2019 surveys.

The risk of anaemia in adolescence increases due to accelerated growth. This study aims to: (1) estimate the prevalence of anaemia in 2012 and 2018-2019 (Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutricion - ENSANUT [n = 5841 in 2012 and n = 2380 in 2018-2019]) in non-pregnant, Mexican adolescent women aged 12-19 years, and the changes in prevalence over this period according to sociodemographic, health and nutrition characteristics; (2) estimate the associations between anaemia and sociodemographic, health and nutrition characteristics in each year and overall, in non-pregnant Mexican adolescent women. Anaemia was defined as capillary haemoglobin <12 g/dL.

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Objetivo: Describir el proceso para diseñar una estrategia de comunicación con el fin de promover el uso del etiqueta-do frontal de advertencia (EFA) y la selección de alimentos saludables en niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNA) mexicanos. Material y métodos. Estudio de cuatro fases con esco-lares, adolescentes y cuidadores: 1) investigación formativa (18 grupos focales, n= 179); 2) talleres de cocreación con NNA (n= 33); 3) diseño de la estrategia, con base en el modelo de comportamiento COM-B; y 4) prueba piloto (seis grupos focales, n= 52).

[Not Available].

Objetivo: Describir el proceso de diseño de Vida Saludable, un nuevo programa de estudios para la educación básica en México. Material y métodos. Se conformó un equipo de trabajo entre especialistas en salud y la Secretaría de Educación Pública.

Consumption of Micronutrient Powder, Syrup or Fortified Food Significantly Improves Zinc and Iron Status in Young Mexican Children: A Cluster Randomized Trial.

The objective of this study was to compare the effect of three micronutrient products on biomarkers of iron and zinc status of Mexican children 6−12 months of age. As part of research to improve the impact of a national program, 54 communities were randomly assigned to receive: (1) fortified food (FF), provided by the program at the time, or (2) micronutrient powders (MNP) or (3) syrup. Each product contained 10 mg each of zinc and iron, plus other micronutrients.

Development of a live coding method to assess infant/toddler food acceptance.

Validated measures predicting infant consumption of nutrient supplements or fortified foods are essential for the success of nutritional interventions to improve undernutrition. Behavioural coding of food acceptance is one promising approach, though the required time and resources are limiting. The overarching goal of the present study was to adapt a video coding (VC) protocol for use as a live coding (LC) method to assess infant food acceptance in naturalistic settings.

Comprehensive evaluation of Salud Escolar a health school program in Mexico: Rationale, design and methods.

The prevalence of obesity and overweight in Mexican children and adolescents is high (greater than 30%) and lifestyle behaviors are far from achieving health recommendations. Salud Escolar is a complex cross-sectoral multi-level policy-based program in Mexico aiming to support schoolchildren healthy behaviors. We describe the rationale, design and methods for the comprehensive evaluation of Salud Escolar during its first phase of implementation.

Factors associated with changes in movement behaviors in toddlers and preschoolers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A national cross-sectional study in Mexico.

Little is known about physical activity, screen time and sleep among Mexican toddlers and preschoolers. The COVID-19 pandemic led to the closure of childcare education centers and restrictions to spend time outdoors. This study aimed to investigate the correlates of changes in movement behaviors from before to during the early stages of the COVID-19 lockdown in a national sample of toddlers and preschoolers in Mexico.

[Breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices in Mexico: results from Ensanut 2018-19].

Objective: To update the prevalence of infant and young child feeding indicators (IYCFI) in children under 24 months in Mexico.

Materials And Methods: Ensanut 2018-19 national representative survey with probabilistic design. Popu-lation: Women 12-59 years and their children <24 months.

Effect of Added Sugar on the Consumption of A Lipid-Based Nutrient Supplement Among 7-24-Month-Old Children.

Small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNS) could help prevent malnutrition. Our primary objective was to examine the acceptability and consumption of sweetened and unsweetened versions of SQ-LNS before and after 14-days of repeated exposure. A total of 78 mother-infant dyads recruited from health centers in Morelos, Mexico, were randomized to two groups of SQ-LNS (sweetened, LNS-S; unsweetened, LNS-U).

An Iterative Process for Training Design and Implementation Increased Health Workers' Knowledge for Taking Nutrition Behavior Change to Scale.

Background: The shortage of skilled, motivated, and well-supported health workers is a major barrier to scaling up nutrition interventions and services.

Objective: The objective of this study is to describe the process for developing and implementing a training of health personnel for the delivery of the Integrated Strategy for Attention to Nutrition (EsIAN), an evidence-based strategy for promoting infant and young child feeding through primary health care in Mexico. The specific objective is to provide a case study and highlight challenges, as well as elements to successfully mitigate these, and discuss potential applications of findings beyond the Mexican context.

Closing the Nutrition Impact Gap Using Program Impact Pathway Analyses to Inform the Need for Program Modifications in Mexico's Conditional Cash Transfer Program.

Background: Mexico's Prospera-Oportunidades-Progresa Conditional Cash Transfer Program (CCT-POP) included the distribution of fortified food supplements (FFS) for pregnant and lactating women and young children. Rigorous evaluations showed significant impacts on nutrition outcomes but also substantial gaps in addressing nutrition problems.

Objectives: To highlight the program design-related and implementation-related gaps and challenges that motivated further research and the eventual design and roll-out of a modified nutrition component for CCT-POP.