Molecular evolution of driver mutations in cancer with microsatellite instability and their impact on tumor progression: Implications for precision medicine in patients with UCEC.

Cancer development is driven by genetic alterations, particularly cancer driver mutations (CDMs), which are associated with aggressive phenotypes and shorter survival. In contrast, higher mutation loads caused by microsatellite instability (MSI) or mismatch repair deficiency (MMRd) can induce anti-cancer immunity, leading to tumor shrinkage and improved responses to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies. However, understanding how CDMs and MSI/MMRd influence cancer evolution remains limited.

Prognostic significance of ferroptosis pathway gene signature and correlation with macrophage infiltration in cervical squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2) plays a critical role in ferroptosis and biogenesis, however, its role in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CESC) remains unknown. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine the role of NFE2L2 in CESC using multiomic analysis.

Methods: All raw data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and further validated in our dataset.

Expression status and prognostic significance of mitochondrial dynamics OPA3 in human ovarian cancer.

Early diagnosis of ovarian cancer and the discovery of prognostic markers can significantly improve survival and reduce mortality. OPA3 protein exists in a structure called mitochondria, which is the energy production center of cells, but its molecular and biological functions in ovarian cancer are still unclear. Here, the expression of OPA3 mRNA in ovarian cancer was estimated using TCGA, Oncomine, TIMER databases.

Ribosome Biogenesis Serves as a Therapeutic Target for Treating Endometriosis and the Associated Complications.

Ribosome biogenesis is a cellular process critical for protein homeostasis during cell growth and multiplication. Our previous study confirmed up-regulation of ribosome biogenesis during endometriosis progression and malignant transition, thus anti-ribosome biogenesis may be effective for treating endometriosis and the associated complications. A mouse model with human endometriosis features was established and treated with three different drugs that can block ribosome biogenesis, including inhibitors against mTOR/PI3K (GSK2126458) and RNA polymerase I (CX5461 and BMH21).

A More Diverse Cervical Microbiome Associates with Better Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Endometriosis: A Pilot Study.

Infection-induced chronic inflammation is common in patients with endometriosis. Although microbial communities in the reproductive tracts of patients have been reported, little was known about their dynamic profiles during disease progression and complication development. Microbial communities in cervical mucus were collected by cervical swabs from 10 healthy women and 23 patients, and analyzed by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing.

Acetyl Coenzyme A Synthase 2 Acts as a Prognostic Biomarker Associated with Immune Infiltration in Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CESC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in women worldwide with a low survival rate. Acetyl coenzyme A synthase 2 (ACSS2) is a conserved nucleosidase that converts acetate to acetyl-CoA for energy production. Our research intended to identify the correlations of ACSS2 with clinical prognosis and tumor immune infiltration in CESC.

Identification of Novel Biomarkers and Candidate Drug in Ovarian Cancer.

This paper investigates the expression of the CREB1 gene in ovarian cancer (OV) by deeply excavating the gene information in the multiple databases and the mechanism thereof. In short, we found that the expression of the CREB1 gene in ovarian cancer tissue was significantly higher than that of normal ovarian tissue. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the overall survival was significantly shorter in patients with high expression of the CREB1 gene than those in patients with low expression of the CREB1 gene, and the prognosis of patients with low expression of the CREB1 gene was better.

Genetic impacts on thermostability of onco-lncRNA HOTAIR during the development and progression of endometriosis.

HOTAIR is a well-known long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) involved in various cellular signaling, whereas its functional impacts on endometriosis development are still largely unknown. To this end, six potential functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in HOTAIR, with minor allele frequencies more than 10% in Han population and altered net energy of RNA structures larger than 0.5 kcal/mol, were selected for genotyping study.

UBE2C Drives Human Cervical Cancer Progression and Is Positively Modulated by mTOR.

Cervical cancer is a common gynecological malignancy, accounting for 10% of all gynecological cancers. Recently, targeted therapy for cervical cancer has shown unprecedented advantages. Several studies have shown that ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 (UBE2C) is highly expressed in a series of tumors, and participates in the progression of these tumors.

Overexpression of wild type or a Q311E mutant MB21D2 promotes a pro-oncogenic phenotype in HNSCC.

Cadherin-mediated cell-cell contacts regulated by intracellular binders play critical roles in tissue homeostasis and tumorigenesis. Here, we screened mutational profiles of 312 annotated genes involved in cadherin binding in human squamous cell carcinomas and found MB21D2 to carry a unique recurrent Q311E mutation. MB21D2 overexpression was also frequently found in head and neck cancer (HNSCC) and was associated with poor clinical outcomes.

Detection of Recurrent Cervical Cancer and Prediction of Its Patient Survival with Serum Squamous-Cell Carcinoma-Antigen and 2-[F] Fluoro-2-Deoxy-d-Glucose-Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography.

Aim: To evaluate the usefulness of serum squamous-cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) and 2-[F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) for the detection of recurrent squamous-cell carcinoma (SqCC) of the uterine cervix, and its prediction of patient survival.

Methods: FDG-PET/CT was performed for patients with serum SCC-Ag levels elevated to ≥1.5 ng/mL (Group 1) and those with suspicious recurrences without any increase in serum SCC-Ag levels (Group 2).

Time-Dependent Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen in Prediction of Relapse and Death of Patients With Cervical Cancer.

Objective: The aim of the study was to develop a methodology to identify the best use of a longitudinally measured biomarker in relevance to prognosis.

Materials And Methods: Data of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) from 770 patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) were used. The pretreatment, nadir, and time-dependent SCC-Ag values were analyzed in relevance to disease relapse and death with univariate and multivariate analysis side by side with a variety of available clinicopathologic factors.

Clinicopathologic Features and Treatment Outcomes in Patients with Stage I, High-Risk Histology or High-Grade Endometrial Cancer after Primary Staging Surgery: A Taiwanese Gynecologic Oncology Group Study.

To investigate the clinicopathological features and treatment outcomes in patients with stage I, high-risk endometrial cancer. Patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage I, papillary serous, clear cell, or grade 3 endometrioid carcinoma treated between 2000 and 2012 were analyzed for the clinical and pathological factors in relation to prognosis. A total of 267 patients (stage IA; = 175, stage IB; = 92) were included.

Treatment outcomes of patients with stage II pure endometrioid-type endometrial cancer: a Taiwanese Gynecologic Oncology Group (TGOG-2006) retrospective cohort study.

Objective: Choice of hysterectomy and adjuvant treatment for International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) 2009 stage II endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC) is still controversial. Aims of this study were to evaluate survival benefits and adverse effects of different hysterectomies with or without adjuvant radiotherapy (RT), and to identify prognostic factors.

Methods: The patients at 14 member hospitals of the Taiwanese Gynecologic Oncology Group from 1992 to 2013 were retrospectively investigated.

Risk factors in progression from endometriosis to ovarian cancer: a cohort study based on medical insurance data.

Objective: The objective was to identify risk factors that were associated with the progression from endometriosis to ovarian cancer based on medical insurance data.

Methods: The study was performed on a dataset obtained from the National Health Insurance Research Database, which covered all the inpatient claim data from 2000 to 2013 in Taiwan. The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) code 617 was used to screen the dataset for the patients who were admitted to hospital due to endometriosis.

Influence Analysis for the Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve.

Classification measures play essential roles in the assessment and construction of classifiers. Hence, determining how to prevent these measures from being affected by individual observations has become an important problem. In this paper, we propose several indexes based on the influence function and the concept of local influence to identify influential observations that affect the estimate of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), an important and commonly used measure.

Malignant transformation of ovarian mature cystic teratoma into squamous cell carcinoma: a Taiwanese Gynecologic Oncology Group (TGOG) study.

Objective: The malignant transformation (MT) of ovarian mature cystic teratoma (MCT) to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is very rare. This study analyzed cases from multiple medical centers in Taiwan to investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics, treatment, and prognostic factors of this disease and reviewed related literature.

Methods: Pathological reports of 16,001 patients with primary ovarian cancer who were treated at Taiwan medical centers from 1990 to 2011 were reviewed.

Longitudinal perceptions of the side effects of chemotherapy in patients with gynecological cancer.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the incidence and difference of side effects among six courses of chemotherapy (C/T) in gynecological cancer patients.

Methods: The study period was from Sep. 2010 to Dec.

Determining the optimal number and location of cutoff points with application to data of cervical cancer.

It is often helpful to classify biomarker values into groups of different risk levels to facilitate evaluation of a biological, physiological, or pathological state. Stratification of patients into two risk groups is commonly seen, but there is always need for more than two groups for fine assessment. So far, there are no standard methods or tools to help decide how many cutoff points are optimal.

Assessing the risk of clinical and pathologic factors for relapse of borderline ovarian tumours.

The objective of this study was to identify clinical and pathologic factors that are significant to relapse in borderline ovarian tumours (BOT). All patients with BOTs from 1997 to 2012 in our institute were identified. 115 patients were included in the study.

Tumor Size Has a Time-Varying Effect on Recurrence in Cervical Cancer.

Objective: This study analyzed the risk factors for their possible association with overall survival and progression-free survival in cervical cancer, with a flexible model that allowed time-varying effects.

Methods: Information about patients with cervical cancer from 2002 to 2012 was collected in the Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital. All available biological and clinicopathologic factors were tested for the assumption of the Cox proportional hazard model, that is, whether they had time-varying effect on survival.