A comprehensive systematic review of randomized controlled trials on anesthetic agents in children's upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: highlighting safety concerns and efficacy.

Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (GIE) is essential for diagnosing and treating gastrointestinal disorders in children aged 6-12 years, yet it often requires sedation due to the significant discomfort and pain involved. We conducted a PRISMA 2020-compliant systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Ovid (inception to March 30, 2024). Inclusion criteria are as follows: RCTs comparing sedative regimens (e.

Reliability of the single leg stance test for safe removal of external fixator after tibial bone lengthening.

The timing of fixator removal in distraction osteogenesis is an important decision. Bipedal weight bearing may not be an accurate estimate of body weight distribution on both limbs. The purpose of this study was to test the reliability of the Single leg stance test (SLST) as an indicator of regenerate bone maturation and safe removal of the external fixator.

Efficacy and safety of fezolinetant for vasomotor symptoms in postmenopausal women: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: Approximately 360 million women globally experience hot flashes, with varying rates influenced by cultural and racial factors. Vasomotor symptoms (VMS) impact 80% of US women during menopause, with emerging risk factors including high body mass index and African American ancestry. Fezolinetant, an oral neurokinin-3 receptor antagonist, showed promising efficacy in managing VMS.

Comparative assessment of seven surgical procedures in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: a network meta-analysis empowering physician-patient decision-making.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is a common peripheral nerve entrapment disorder with a high global burden. Various surgical techniques have been developed to optimize symptom relief and minimize postoperative morbidity. This network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to compare the relative efficacy and safety of different carpal tunnel release (CTR) procedures.

Modified Smead-Jones suture for closure of emergency midline laparotomy incision: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Midline laparotomy incision is mostly used in emergent surgery, especially in hemodynamic instability patients. We aim to compare the Modified Smead-Jones (MSJ) and Smead-Jones (SJ) sutures against conventional continuous suture in midline laparotomy closure. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Ovoid were searched.

Optimizing pain management and pupil dilation in cataract surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of phenylephrine/ketorolac (OMIDRIA®).

Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination of phenylephrine 1% and ketorolac 0.3% (OMIDRIA®) for optimizing pain management and maintaining pupil dilation during cataract surgery. Comparisons were made against placebo/vehicle, phenylephrine alone, and epinephrine.

Non-invasive brain stimulation for treating visual defects: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: We evaluated the efficacy of applying repetitive transorbital alternating current stimulation (rTACS) to patients suffering from visual defects, especially homonymous hemianopia.

Background: Stroke or optic neuropathy would result in vision loss or Visual field defect (VFD) and homonymous hemianopia. Recently, one of the commonly used procedures to relieve VFD is non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS).

A comprehensive evaluation of Naftifine's efficacy and safety in treating dermatophyte infections; systematic review and meta-analysis.

Dermatophyte infections, including tinea pedis (athlete's foot), tinea corporis (ringworm), and tinea cruris (jock itch), are widespread fungal infections that significantly impact global health and quality of life. Naftifine, an allylamine antifungal agent, is noted for its potent fungicidal activity, targeting fungal cell membranes by inhibiting squalene epoxidase. Additionally, Naftifine has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, enhancing its therapeutic potential.

Efficacy and safety of S-ketamine in pain management for breast cancer patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Breast cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women worldwide. According to the recent statistics by World Health Organization (WHO), it is the leading cause of death from cancer in women worldwide and it is the most frequently diagnosed cancer. This meta-analysis aims to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of S-ketamine in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy.

Oral and topical spironolactone in acne treatment: A meta-analysis of effectiveness and safety.

Acne vulgaris (AV) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disorder that commonly lasts from adolescence to adulthood and has serious social and psychological consequences. Current treatments typically use antibacterial drugs, which contributes to the rise in antibacterial drug resistance. Spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic with anti-androgen effects, has been used off-label to treat acne by lowering sebum production.

Delirium after deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis of incidence and risk factors.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a valuable treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD), but postoperative delirium (POD) is a common complication. Understanding the risk factors for POD is crucial for optimizing patient selection and developing preventative measures. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to identify predictors of POD in PD patients undergoing DBS surgery.

Penehyclidine Hydrochloride: A Promising Antimuscarinic Agent for PONV Prophylaxis in Diverse Surgical Procedures.

Purpose: The purpose of this meta-analysis is to measure the effectiveness of penehyclidine hydrochloride hydrate (PHC)-an antimuscarinic drug-in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) for different surgeries.

Design: Meta-analysis.

Methods: According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we conducted an online literature search using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase databases.

Efficacy and safety of different hyaluronic acid fillers on cheek volume augmentation: systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Various rejuvenation surgeries, including hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers, aim to address mid-face volume loss. However, literature on the comparative efficacy and safety of different HA fillers for the zygomatic area remains limited.

Methods: This systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA), adhering to NMA PRISMA 2020 and Cochrane guidelines.

Subthalamic nucleus versus globus pallidus internus deep brain stimulation in the treatment of dystonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of safety and efficacy.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeting subthalamic nucleus (STN) versus the globus pallidus internus (GPI) in the treatment of dystonia.

Methods: A comprehensive search strategy was implemented up to July 2024, across five databases, identifying studies relevant to STN-DBS and GPI-DBS in dystonia. Eligibility criteria included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies comparing the two interventions.

A Network Meta-Analysis of Vasodilator Therapies in Pulmonary Hypertension Patients Undergoing Mitral Valve Replacement Surgery: Insights for Optimizing Hemodynamics.

Background And Objective: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive hemodynamic condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality, especially in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Therefore, the objective of this network meta-analysis (NMA) is to compare the efficacy of various pulmonary vasodilators in perioperative control of PH among patients undergoing mitral valve replacement surgery (MVRS), aiming to address the existing knowledge gap and improve perioperative outcomes.

Methods: Electronic databases including PubMed, Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science (WOS) from inception to 17 September 2024.

Sarecycline for moderate to severe acne: a promising narrow-spectrum antibacterial drug.

Sarecycline, a narrow-spectrum antibacterial drug approved by the FDA in 2018, targets Cutibacterium acnes while potentially minimizing disruption to the gut microbiota. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of sarecycline compared to placebo in treating moderate to severe facial acne. A comprehensive search of PubMed, MEDLINE, and Cochrane databases was performed, with data extraction and screening conducted independently by two authors.

Effects of Non-invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Inflammatory Markers in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

The international healthcare community has encountered several difficulties because of the COVID-19 pandemic brought on by SARS-CoV-2. COVID-19 can lead to an abnormal immune response that features excessive inflammation, so targeting the vagus nerve through non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS) may hold promise as an intervention. This meta-analysis aimed to examine the outcomes of using nVNS on different inflammatory biomarkers in COVID-19 patients.

Do We Need to Hold Aspirin Before Cataract Surgery? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 65,196 Subjects.

Purpose: Cataract surgery is a common operation, typically carried out on older adults who have many comorbid medical conditions. Many of these patients may be undergoing aspirin therapy for diverse cardiovascular causes. Nevertheless, there is ongoing controversy regarding the administration of aspirin therapy during the perioperative period, as there are concerns regarding the risk of bleeding problems compared to thromboembolic events.

A meta-analysis of therapeutic trials of topical ruxolitinib cream for the treatment of vitiligo: therapeutic efficacy, safety, and implications for therapeutic practice.

Vitiligo, an autoimmune condition characterized by depigmented skin patches due to the loss of functional melanocytes, has been linked to dysregulation in the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, particularly in IFN-g signaling. The use of JAK inhibitors, such as ruxolitinib cream, a JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor, presents a promising approach for vitiligo treatment. This study aims to systematically assess the effectiveness and safety of ruxolitinib cream in patients with vitiligo.

Transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy submental vestibular approach for early-stage papillary thyroid carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Our study aimed to compare the effectiveness and complications of the transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy submental vestibular approach (TOETSMVA) versus the transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) or conventional open thyroidectomy (COT) in patients with early-stage papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).

Methods: We searched online databases up to January 2024. The outcomes were analyzed using RevMan 5.

Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors use and the risk of alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The management of Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses considerable challenges, necessitating the pursuit of innovative therapeutic approaches. Recent research has spotlighted the promising role of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5Is) in reducing the prevalence of AD, utilizing their vasodilatory properties to suggest a potential neuroprotective effect. This meta-analysis and systematic review aims to assess the relationship between the use of PDE5Is and the risk of AD.

Adverse childhood experiences and risk of late-life dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) refer to distressing events before age 18 that can lead to potential mental and physical health consequences. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the association between ACEs and the risk of dementia in elderly adults who experienced ACEs during childhood, addressing the existing inconsistencies and methodological variations.

Methods: A comprehensive search strategy was employed across key databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase) to identify relevant articles.