Bisphenol A sensing using carbon fibre transducers with and without metal-organic frameworks modification: towards greener tools for fish safety and surveil ecosystems.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is widely used in plastic production; however, it has raised concerns about its human health implications and presence in aquatic ecosystems, as it is also known as an endocrine-disrupting compound. Given the urgency of developing eco-friendly monitoring tools, this study proposes and compares two novel green sensing platforms based on carbon paper (CP) for the determination of BPA in fish samples. One consists in the modification with a leaf-like shape zeolitic imidazolate framework (CP/ZIF-L), by a simple and water-based synthesis at room temperature, and the other uses a bare CP electrochemically pre-treated with sulfuric acid (CPP).

Carbon Fiber Paper Sensor for Determination of Trimethoprim Antibiotic in Fish Samples.

The increase in anthropogenic pollution raises serious concerns regarding contamination of water bodies and aquatic species with potential implications on human health. Pharmaceutical compounds are a type of contaminants of emerging concern that are increasingly consumed and, thus, being frequently found in the aquatic environment. In this sense, an electrochemical sensor based on an unmodified and untreated carbon fiber paper (CPS-carbon paper sensor) was simply employed for the analysis of trimethoprim antibiotic in fish samples.

(Bio)Sensing Strategies Based on Ionic Liquid-Functionalized Carbon Nanocomposites for Pharmaceuticals: Towards Greener Electrochemical Tools.

The interaction of carbon-based nanomaterials and ionic liquids (ILs) has been thoroughly exploited for diverse electroanalytical solutions since the first report in 2003. This combination, either through covalent or non-covalent functionalization, takes advantage of the unique characteristics inherent to each material, resulting in synergistic effects that are conferred to the electrochemical (bio)sensing system. From one side, carbon nanomaterials offer miniaturization capacity with enhanced electron transfer rates at a reduced cost, whereas from the other side, ILs contribute as ecological dispersing media for the nanostructures, improving conductivity and biocompatibility.

The simpler the better: Highly sensitive 17α-ethinylestradiol sensor based on an unmodified carbon paper transducer.

The remarkable features of a carbon fiber paper sensor (CP) were employed for detection of the estrogenic hormone 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), considered a contaminant of emerging concern due to its potential ecotoxicity and widespread in the aquatic ecosystems. In this work, an unpreceded CP pre-treatment study was conducted with the (Il)-hexacyanoferrate(III) ion pair, however a bare sensor without pre-treatment revealed higher efficiency on the oxidation of EE2 compared to a chemical and electrochemical pre-treated CP and a gold nanoparticles modified CP, being thus selected for EE2 determinations. The analytical conditions were thoroughly optimized in terms of electrolyte pH (pH 7), differential pulse voltammetry parameters (modulation time 0.

Carbon paper as a promising sensing material: Characterization and electroanalysis of ketoprofen in wastewater and fish.

In the present work, the exceptional electrochemical properties of carbon paper were characterized and explored in the development of a sensor for the anti-inflammatory drug, ketoprofen. An initial electrochemical characterization of the carbon paper with a redox indicator revealed much higher voltammetric peaks in comparison with other carbon-based electrodes, namely, screen-printed carbon electrode, boron-doped diamond electrode, glassy carbon electrode, pyrolytic graphite electrode, and pencil graphite electrode, predicting a good sensing performance. Ketoprofen showed a pronounced cathodic peak around -1.

Nanostructured pencil graphite electrodes for application as high power biocathodes in miniaturized biofuel cells and bio-batteries.

This work describes a simple method for the fabrication of an enzymatic electrode with high sensitivity to oxygen and good performance when applied as biocathode. Pencil graphite electrodes (PGE) were chosen as disposable transducers given their availability and good electrochemical response. After electrochemical characterization regarding hardness and surface pre-treatment suited modification with carbon-based nanostructures, namely with reduced graphene, MWCNT and carbon black for optimal performance was proceeded.

Application of Nanostructured Carbon-Based Electrochemical (Bio)Sensors for Screening of Emerging Pharmaceutical Pollutants in Waters and Aquatic Species: A Review.

Pharmaceuticals, as a contaminant of emergent concern, are being released uncontrollably into the environment potentially causing hazardous effects to aquatic ecosystems and consequently to human health. In the absence of well-established monitoring programs, one can only imagine the full extent of this problem and so there is an urgent need for the development of extremely sensitive, portable, and low-cost devices to perform analysis. Carbon-based nanomaterials are the most used nanostructures in (bio)sensors construction attributed to their facile and well-characterized production methods, commercial availability, reduced cost, high chemical stability, and low toxicity.

Mineral Content of Various Portuguese Breads: Characterization, Dietary Intake, and Discriminant Analysis.

The chemical composition and daily mineral intake (DMI) of six macro (calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, phosphorous, and chloride) and four microminerals (copper, iron, manganese, and zinc) were determined in four types of Portuguese breads (white wheat, maize, wheat/maize, and maize/rye breads). Samples were processed with microwave assisted digestion and mineral composition was determined with a high-resolution continuum-source atomic absorption spectrometer with flame and graphite furnace. Bread contributes to an equilibrated diet since it is rich in several minerals (0.

Commercial octopus species from different geographical origins: Levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and potential health risks for consumers.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent pollutants that have been raising global concern due to their carcinogenic and mutagenic properties. A total of 18 PAHs (16 USEPA priority compounds, benzo(j)fluoranthene and dibenzo(a,l)pyrene) were assessed in the edible tissues of raw octopus (Octopus vulgaris, Octopus maya, and Eledone cirrhosa) from six geographical origins available to Portuguese consumers. Inter- and intra-species comparison was statistically performed.

Biosensing based on pencil graphite electrodes.

Pencil leads have been increasingly used as electrode material in electrochemical applications. Commonly denominated as pencil graphite electrodes (PGE), they represent a viable alternative to other standard electrodes due to their comparable electrical properties but mainly for their low cost and availability, enabling disposable applications. In order to achieve the best analytical performance literature evidences the type of lead (hardness level) and electrode surface pre-treatment are critical to the envisaged application.

Octopus lipid and vitamin E composition: interspecies, interorigin, and nutritional variability.

Octopus vulgaris, Octopus maya, and Eledone cirrhosa from distinct marine environments [Northeast Atlantic (NEA), Northwest Atlantic (NWA), Eastern Central Atlantic, Western Central Atlantic (WCA), Pacific Ocean, and Mediterranean Sea] were characterized regarding their lipid and vitamin E composition. These species are those commercially more relevant worldwide. Significant interspecies and interorigin differences were observed.