Medicaid Telehealth Policy in Marginalized Communities: Perspectives From Virginia Patients and Providers.

We sought to understand stakeholder experience with telehealth services, through interviews with patients, providers, and health plans, to inform Medicaid policy after the COVID-19 public health emergency. Our primary aim was to examine whether and how such telehealth policies affect equitable care delivery and to uncover any remaining policy gaps. Applying the Framework for Digital Health Equity our study identified digital determinants that operate at the individual, interpersonal, community and societal levels.

Family-Based Interventions to Prevent Substance Use Among Youth: Community Guide Systematic Economic Review.

Introduction: This paper presents a systematic review of evidence from economic evaluations of family-based interventions that was recommended by the Community Preventive Services Task Force to prevent substance use among youth.

Methods: The search covered studies published from inception of databases through October 2023 and was limited to those based in the U.S.

From policy to practice: assessing the state innovation models initiative's early success in incorporating social determinants of health in ASCVD hospitalizations in the United States.

The study examines effects of the Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Services State Innovation Models (SIM) on capturing social risk factors in adults hospitalized with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Using a difference-in-differences (DID) approach with propensity score weights, the study compared documentation of secondary diagnosis of social determinants of health (SDOH)/social factors using ICD-9 V codes ("SDOH codes") in adults hospitalized with ASCVD as a primary diagnosis (n = 1 485 354). Data were gathered from January 1, 2010, to September 30, 2015, covering the period before and after the SIM implementation in October 2013.

Breast and Cervical Cancer Screenings: A Systematic Economic Review of Patient Navigation Services.

Introduction: This paper examined the economic evidence of patient navigation services to increase breast and cervical cancer screenings among historically disadvantaged racial and ethnic populations and people with lower incomes.

Methods: The literature search strategy for this systematic review included English-language studies conducted in high-income countries that were published from database inception to December 2022. Studies on patients with existing cancer or without healthcare system involvement were excluded.

Parks, Trails, and Greenways for Physical Activity: A Community Guide Systematic Economic Review.

Introduction: This systematic economic review examined the cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness of park, trail, and greenway infrastructure interventions to increase physical activity or infrastructure use.

Methods: The search period covered the date of inception of publications databases through February 2022. Inclusion was limited to studies that reported cost-benefit or cost-effectiveness outcomes and were based in the U.

Food Environment Quality and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in the United States: a County-Level Analysis from 2017 to 2019.

Background: Upstream socioeconomic circumstances including food insecurity and food desert are important drivers of community-level health disparities in cardiovascular mortality let alone traditional risk factors. The study assessed the association between differences in food environment quality and cardiovascular mortality in US adults.

Design: Retrospective analysis of the association between cardiovascular mortality among US adults aged 45 and above and food environment quality, measured as the food environment index (FEI), in 2615 US counties.

Association of Social Isolation With Hospitalization and Nursing Home Entry Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Importance: Social isolation is associated with adverse health outcomes, yet its implications for hospitalization and nursing home entry are not well understood.

Objective: To evaluate whether higher levels of social isolation are associated with overnight hospitalization, skilled nursing facility stays, and nursing home placement among a nationally representative sample of community-dwelling older adults after adjusting for key health and social characteristics, including loneliness and depressive symptoms.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This observational cohort study included 7 waves of longitudinal panel data from the Health and Retirement Study, with community-dwelling adults aged 65 years or older interviewed between March 1, 2006, and June 30, 2018 (11 517 respondents; 21 294 person-years).

Impact of County-level health infrastructure on participation in a reform effort to reduce the use of jail for individuals with mental health disorders.

Background: The national Stepping Up Initiative has attracted over 500 counties interested in reducing the use of jail for individuals with mental health disorders. This paper identifies socioeconomic, criminal legal, and health care factors that predict the likelihood of counties joining Stepping Up.

Results: After performing variable selection, logistic regression models were performed on 3,141 U.

Economics of Team-Based Care for Blood Pressure Control: Updated Community Guide Systematic Review.

Introduction: This paper examined the recent evidence from economic evaluations of team-based care for controlling high blood pressure.

Methods: The search covered studies published from January 2011 through January 2021 and was limited to those based in the U.S.

The role of discrimination and adverse childhood experiences in disordered eating.

Background: In clinical research, there has been a call to move beyond individual psychosocial factors towards identifying cultural and social factors that inform mental health. Similar calls have been made in the eating disorders (ED) field underscoring the need to understand larger sociocultural influences on EDs. Discrimination is a social stressor that may influence mental health in similar ways to traumatic or adverse childhood experiences (ACEs).

A Quasi-Experimental Assessment of the Effect of the 2009 WIC Food Package Revisions on Breastfeeding Outcomes.

Breastfeeding rates among infants participating in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) are consistently lower than those of WIC nonparticipants. The 2009 WIC food package revisions were intended to incentivize breastfeeding among the WIC population. To examine the effectiveness of this policy change, we estimated an intent-to-treat regression-adjusted difference-in-difference model with propensity score weighting, an approach that allowed us to control for both secular trends in breastfeeding and selection bias.

Community Guide Methods for Systematic Reviews of Economic Evidence.

Introduction: Community Guide systematic economic reviews provide information on the cost, economic benefit, cost-benefit, and cost-effectiveness of public health interventions recommended by the Community Preventive Services Task Force on the basis of evidence of effectiveness. The number and variety of economic evaluation studies in public health have grown substantially over time, contributing to methodologic challenges that required updates to the methods for Community Guide systematic economic reviews. This paper describes these updated methods.

Where It Really Counts: Feasibility and Potential of the Peer Engaged Empowered Recovery Program for Substance-Dependent Jail Inmates.

Objective: The Peer Engaged Empowered Recovery (PEER) program is a county collaboration between specialty behavioral health and probation departments to address substance use and related problems by providing team-based peer recovery specialist (PRS) services. The study aimed to assess the feasibility and potential effectiveness of PEER and propose recommendations.

Method: Eligible clients released from jail had suspected substance use disorder and were assigned to the local drug court, on pretrial probation, or considered of high risk of recidivism.

The relationship between community public health, behavioral health service accessibility, and mass incarceration.

Background: The relationship between healthcare service accessibility in the community and incarceration is an important, yet not widely understood, phenomenon. Community behavioral health and the criminal legal systems are treated separately, which creates a competing demand to confront mass incarceration and expand available services. As a result, the relationship between behavioral health services, demographics and community factors, and incarceration rate has not been well addressed.

Substance use and firearm access among college freshmen.

Objective: Examine the proportion of students with rapid firearm access and associations with recent alcohol and marijuana use.

Participants: Cross-sectional data from college freshmen ( = 183) in 2020 who participated in the study.

Methods: Using logistic regression, associations were examined between past 30-day substance use and access to firearms within 15-min.

Food insecurity and housing instability as determinants of cardiovascular health outcomes: A systematic review.

Aims: The primary objective of this study is to conduct a systematic review of existing literature on the association between food insecurity and housing instability with CVD and its subtypes-related outcomes. Summarizing the comprehensive evidence for independent/interchangeable relationship of food and housing instability with CVD outcomes may inform specific interventions strategies to reduce CVD-risk.

Data Synthesis: The search focused on English-language articles in PubMed/Medline, from January 1, 2010, to June 1, 2021, with restriction to the US adult population.

Promoting sustainable responses to the US opioid epidemic with community-academic partnerships: qualitative outcomes from a statewide program.

Background: Drug overdose deaths in the United States have continued to increase at an alarming rate. The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) distributed more than $7 billion between January 2016 and June 2020 to address the drug overdose crisis. The funds support evidence-based responses, including medications for opioid use disorder, and other prevention, treatment and recovery activities.

Eating Disorders and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Network Analysis of the Comorbidity.

Eating disorders (EDs) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) commonly co-occur, but the mechanisms driving this co-occurrence are not well understood. The current study explored the relationships between symptoms of ED and PTSD in a sample of male and female undergraduate students in order to identify pathways that may maintain the comorbidity. Network analysis was conducted in a sample of 344 first-year undergraduates to visualize partial correlations between each symptom in the comorbidity.

Pharmacist Interventions for Medication Adherence: Community Guide Economic Reviews for Cardiovascular Disease.

Introduction: Adherence to medications for cardiovascular disease and its risk factors is less than optimal, although greater adherence to medication has been shown to reduce the risk factors for cardiovascular disease. This paper examines the economics of tailored pharmacy interventions to improve medication adherence for cardiovascular disease prevention and management.

Methods: Literature from inception of databases to May 2019 was searched, yielding 29 studies for cardiovascular disease prevention and 9 studies for cardiovascular disease management.

Trends in Use and Expenditures for Brand-name Statins After Introduction of Generic Statins in the US, 2002-2018.

Importance: The high and increasing expenditures for prescription medications in the US is a national problem.

Objective: To explore the association of generic statin competition on relevant use and cost savings and to provide use and expenditure trends for all available statins for private and public payers and for out-of-pocket spending.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This survey study evaluated data from the January 1, 2002, to December 31, 2018, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey by using a difference-in-differences analysis.

Permanent Supportive Housing With Housing First: Findings From a Community Guide Systematic Economic Review.

Introduction: The annual economic burden of chronic homelessness in the U.S. is estimated to be as high as $3.