Global dissemination of npmA mediated pan-aminoglycoside resistance via a mobile genetic element in Gram-positive bacteria.

The npmA gene, encoding a 16S rRNA methyltransferase, confers resistance to all clinically available aminoglycosides, posing a significant threat to effective antibiotic therapy. We analyze 1,932,812 bacterial genomes to investigate the distribution and mobilization of npmA variants. npmA is not found in Gram-negative bacteria, where it was originally described, but is identified among Gram-positive bacteria, predominantly as the npmA2 variant in the globally distributed Clostridioides difficile ST11 lineage.

Embracing the unknown: Proteomic insights into the human microbiome.

Protein-level investigations into the human microbiome provide insights into active microbial functions. Recently, Valdés-Mas et al. introduced a metagenome-informed metaproteomics approach to functionally explore species-level microbiome-host interactions and quantify the dietary exposome.

Larval data suggest a species complex in Athanas dimorphus Ortmann, 1894 (Decapoda: Alpheidae): Description of the zoea I from Western Atlantic and larval review of Athanas Leach, 1814.

The shrimp Athanas dimorphus is considered an alien species in Western Atlantic. Larval morphology is known from the Indian Ocean, but it has been suggested that the species could actually be a species complex. Our aim was to describe the first zoeal stage of A.

Fecundity of the snapping shrimp Alpheus estuariensis (Caridea: Alpheidae) after the oil spill in three mangroves of tropical Brazil.

This study examined the impacts of oil spills since 2019 by analyzing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments and their effects on the fecundity of the shrimp Alpheus estuariensis. Samples were collected from mangroves in three Pernambuco locations: Catuama, Suape Bay, and Carneiros Beach. Ovigerous females were identified, and their eggs were counted and classified by embryonic stage.

The Effects of Hydrological Disasters on the Population's Health in the Northeast Region of Brazil.

The Northeast region of Brazil is characterized by long periods of drought. However, the region is also frequently affected by floods. The socioeconomic characteristics of the locality make the population more vulnerable to the impacts of these disasters.

Unfolded protein response during the progression of colorectal carcinogenesis.

Purpose: To evaluate the molecular evolution of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress during colorectal cancer carcinogenesis.

Methods: Fifty-six hairless mice were divided into two groups: control (no intervention); and carcinogenesis (treated with two doses of azoxymethane at 10 mg/kg during the third and the fourth week and dextran sodium sulfate at 2.5% for seven days in the second, fifth, and eighth week).

Ecological dynamics of Enterobacteriaceae in the human gut microbiome across global populations.

Gut bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae family are a major cause of opportunistic infections worldwide. Given their prevalence among healthy human gut microbiomes, interspecies interactions may play a role in modulating infection resistance. Here we uncover global ecological patterns linked to Enterobacteriaceae colonization and abundance by leveraging a large-scale dataset of 12,238 public human gut metagenomes spanning 45 countries.

New insights in uranium bioremediation by cytochromes of the bacterium Geotalea uraniireducens.

The bacterium Geotalea uraniireducens, commonly found in uranium-contaminated environments, plays a key role in bioremediation strategies by converting the soluble hexavalent form of uranium (U(VI)) into less soluble forms (e.g., U(IV)).

Morphology and molecular evidence reveal hidden diversity among snapping shrimp of the Alpheus obesomanus group (Decapoda: Alpheidae) with the description of a new species from Brazil.

The snapping shrimp family Alpheidae Rafinesque, 1815 includes numerous species, most of which present controversial geographical distributions. The disjunct distribution of Alpheus simus Guérin-Méneville, 1856 in the western Atlantic, from Florida to the south of the Caribbean Sea and then from Rio Grande do Norte to Bahia in Brazil, suggests that Brazilian material may belong to an undescribed species. The examination of specimens previously identified as A.

Can people with epilepsy trust AI chatbots for information on physical exercise?

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the similarity, readability, and alignment with current scientific knowledge of responses from AI-based chatbots to common questions about epilepsy and physical exercise.

Methods: Four AI chatbots (ChatGPT-3.5,ChatGPT 4, Google Gemini, and Microsoft Copilot) were evaluated.

Tweaking the redox properties of PpcA from Geobacter metallireducens with protein engineering.

Geobacter's unique ability to perform extracellular electron transfer (EET) to electrodes in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) has sparked the implementation of sustainable production of electrical energy. However, the electrochemical performance of Geobacter's biofilms in MFCs remains challenging to implement industrially. Multiple approaches are being investigated to enhance MFC technologies.

Physical Activity and Lifestyle Behaviors in Children and Adolescents.

A sedentary lifestyle, unfavorable body composition, and low muscle strength are strong predictors of morbidity and mortality and an independent determinant contributing to the development of many chronic diseases [...

Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) as an alternative host for the study of pathogenicity in Candida auris.

Background: Candida auris, a multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen, has emerged as a significant global health threat due to its high transmission and mortality rates, especially in healthcare settings.

Objective: This study aimed to establish the larvae of the coleopteran Tenebrio molitor (mealworm) as an in vivo model to evaluate the virulence of different C. auris strains.

Impact of dissolved/dispersed oil from a spill event on the development of embryos of the snapping shrimp Alpheus estuariensis (Caridea: Alpheidae).

This study characterized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in oil pellets stranded at Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, equatorial Atlantic. It also characterized PAHs dissolved/dispersed in seawater (i.e.

Integrating functional metagenomics to decipher microbiome-immune interactions.

Microbial metabolites can be viewed as the cytokines of the microbiome, transmitting information about the microbial and metabolic environment of the gut to orchestrate and modulate local and systemic immune responses. Still, many immunology studies focus solely on the taxonomy and community structure of the gut microbiota rather than its functions. Early sequencing-based microbiota profiling approaches relied on PCR amplification of small regions of bacterial and fungal genomes to facilitate identification of the microbes present.

Advancing air quality monitoring: A low-cost sensor network in motion - Part I.

In urban areas, high levels of air pollution pose significant risks to human health, emphasising the need for detailed air quality (AQ) monitoring. However, traditional AQ monitoring relies on the data from Reference Monitoring Stations, which are sparsely distributed and provide only hourly or daily data, failing to capture the spatial and temporal variability of air pollutant concentrations. Addressing this challenge, we introduce in this article the ExpoLIS system, an all-weather mobile AQ monitoring system that integrates various AQ low-cost sensors (LCSs), providing high spatio-temporal resolution data.

A metagenomic catalog of the early-life human gut virome.

Early-life human gut microbiome is a pivotal driver of gut homeostasis and infant health. However, the viral component (known as "virome") remains mostly unexplored. Here, we establish the Early-Life Gut Virome (ELGV), a catalog of 160,478 non-redundant DNA and RNA viral sequences from 8130 gut virus-like particles (VLPs) enriched or bulk metagenomes in the first three years of life.

Role of the Plastic Surgeon in Tuberculosis Treatment.

Background: Tuberculous empyema is rare. Its treatment requires oral antituberculous drugs, empyema drainage, and in severe cases, decortication and pneumectomy. In the presence of tuberculosis, lung resection has a high risk of postoperative bronchopleural fistula (BPF) and empyema.

Approaching the perfect diode limit through a nonlinear interface.

We consider a system formed by two different segments of particles, coupled to thermal baths, one at each end, modeled by Langevin thermostats. The particles in each segment interact harmonically and are subject to an on-site potential for which three different types are considered, namely, harmonic, ϕ^{4}, and Frenkel-Kontorova. The two segments are nonlinearly coupled, between interfacial particles, by means of a power-law potential with exponent μ, which we vary, scanning from subharmonic to superharmonic potentials, up to the infinite-square-well limit (μ→∞).

Use of nanoparticles in animal models for prostate cancer treatment: a systematic review.

Purpose: To conduct a systematic review of nanoparticles' use in the treatment of prostate cancer in animals.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted in the databases PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), Cochrane Library, and EMBASE, and the descriptors were chosen based on terms indexed in Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS)/Medical Subject Headings (MESH), which are: nanoparticles, nanomedicine, and prostate cancer. The systematic review protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) with ID CRD42021271008.

VIRify: An integrated detection, annotation and taxonomic classification pipeline using virus-specific protein profile hidden Markov models.

The study of viral communities has revealed the enormous diversity and impact these biological entities have on various ecosystems. These observations have sparked widespread interest in developing computational strategies that support the comprehensive characterisation of viral communities based on sequencing data. Here we introduce VIRify, a new computational pipeline designed to provide a user-friendly and accurate functional and taxonomic characterisation of viral communities.

Photochemical outcomes triggered by gold shell-isolated nanorods on bioinspired nanoarchitectonics for bacterial membranes.

Boosted by the indiscriminate use of antibiotics, multidrug-resistance (MDR) demands new strategies to combat bacterial infections, such as photothermal therapy (PTT) based on plasmonic nanostructures. PTT efficiency relies on photoinduced damage caused to the bacterial machinery, for which nanostructure incorporation into the cell envelope is key. Herein, we shall unveil the binding and photochemical mechanisms of gold shell-isolated nanorods (AuSHINRs) on bioinspired bacterial membranes assembled as Langmuir and Langmuir-Schaefer (LS) monolayers of DOPE, Lysyl-PG, DOPG and CL.