Hepatic iron assessment using pinch liver biopsies in Asian glossy starlings ().

Hepatic hemosiderosis is a common nutritional disease affecting numerous bird species. The aim of this study was to validate the use of pinch hepatic biopsies to quantify the hepatic iron in Asian glossy starlings (AGS) and compare clinical measures usable for antemortem disease monitoring. Following euthanasia, serum, liver pinch biopsies, and whole liver sections were sampled from 21 AGS.

HISTOPATHOLOGIC FINDINGS IN 10 CASES OF MORTALITY IN CAPTIVE MALAYSIAN FIRE SNAILS ().

Malaysian fire snails , face threats to their environment, including habitat destruction and the illegal wildlife trade. Captive breeding projects are likely to play a role in the survival of this species; however, mortality in captive populations potentially presents a significant challenge. This paper presents the results of histopathologic examination of tissues from 10 casualties in a captive population at Chester Zoo.

RENAL PATHOLOGY IN CAPTIVE ADULT ALAOTRAN GENTLE LEMURS ().

Full medical histories from captive Alaotran gentle lemurs or Bandro () > 1 yr old that died between 1990 and 2016 were requested from holding institutions. Eighty-six individuals died during the period analyzed. Full postmortem reports were received from 40 (46.

CHOLELITHIASIS IN CAPTIVE MOUNTAIN CHICKEN FROGS (): DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL FEATURES.

The mountain chicken frog () is a critically endangered species highly reliant on conservation programs. In captivity, cholelithiasis has been reported during clinical examinations using diagnostic imaging and observed during postmortem examinations. Some individuals have presented with nonspecific clinical signs potentially associated with this condition, but little is known about its clinical relevance.

HEALTH SCREENING OF THE EUROPEAN ENDANGERED SPECIES PROGRAM CAPTIVE POPULATION OF THE PINK PIGEON ().

The population of the Mauritian pink pigeon () fell to fewer than 20 individuals in the 1970s. Following intensive conservation efforts, the free-living population is now estimated to be 470 individuals. However, because of the population bottleneck the species remains at risk of extinction because of genetic loss and inbreeding depression.

RETROSPECTIVE REVIEW OF MORTALITY IN CAPTIVE PINK PIGEONS () HOUSED IN EUROPEAN COLLECTIONS: 1977-2018.

The Mauritian pink pigeon () is vulnerable, with only 400 individuals remaining in the free-living population. A European captive population was established in 1977 and a European Endangered Species Program (EEP) in 1992. The EEP long-term management plan recommends integrating the EEP and free-living Mauritius populations through pigeon transfers.

Clinical and Pathological Aspects of Systemic Infection in Blue-crowned Laughing Thrushes () at Jersey Zoo.

Based on a review of species mortalities, systemic species was identified as the primary cause of death in 22% (19 of 87) of blue-crowned laughing thrushes (BCLTs; ) at the Jersey Zoo between 1997 and 2016. Fifty-eight percent of the affected birds were between 1 and 2 years old, and in 89% of cases, death occurred between August and December. Abnormal clinical findings in BCLTs with species infections included hepatomegaly and pectoral muscle myositis in 79% of the cases.

INHALATORY ISOFLURANE ANESTHESIA IN MOUNTAIN CHICKEN FROGS ().

One hundred and fourteen mountain chicken frogs were anesthetized, to place intracoelomic radiotracers. The animals were placed in a clear plastic bag that was filled with isoflurane 5% and oxygen. Loss of righting reflex occurred at 3.

MEDICAL MANAGEMENT OF DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY IN LIVINGSTONE FRUIT BATS ( PTEROPUS LIVINGSTONII).

Eleven cases of dilated cardiomyopathy have been diagnosed and treated in captive Livingstone fruit bats ( Pteropus livingstonii) in the United Kingdom over the past 7 yr. All but one case received treatment with a diuretic plus an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), and, or pimobendan. One case is still under treatment with pimobendan alone, following diagnosis before onset of clinical signs.

SEVOFLURANE ANESTHESIA IN LIVINGSTONE'S FRUIT BATS ( PTEROPUS LIVINGSTONII).

Fourteen captive Livingstone's fruit bats ( Pteropus livingstonii) were anesthetized for routine veterinary health checks, including echocardiography, using sevoflurane. In addition, three specimens suffering from cardiac disease and a pregnant specimen were anesthetized for clinical assessment. No anesthetic complications were observed in any of the specimens.

FEMORAL HEAD RESECTION IN TWO LIVINGSTONE'S FRUIT BATS (PTEROPUS LIVINGSTONII).

Two Livingstone's fruit bats (Pteropus livingstonii) presented with a unilateral partial paresis of the hind limbs. Radiographs revealed luxation of the coxofemoral joint and degenerative joint disease in the right coxofemoral joint in one case. The second case presented with recurrent luxation of the coxofemoral joint with osteoarthrosis of the femoral head.

UTERINE RUPTURE AND CESAREAN SURGERY IN THREE RIO CAUCA CAECILIANS (TYPHLONECTES NATANS).

A uterine rupture of unknown etiology during gestation causing the death in a Rio Cauca caecilian ( Typhlonectes natans ) and successful anesthesia using tricaine methanesulfonate and cesarean section in three occasions in two other specimens because of suspected dystocia are described. One of the surgeries was performed at an early stage of embryo development, thereby preventing the survival of the neonates.

Evaluation of the phenol red thread tear test in falconiformes.

Falconiformes are active searchers and hunters that require visual precision to catch their prey and survive in the wild. Despite this, ocular disease is likely to be underdiagnosed in these species, at least in part because of limited proven diagnostic methods and lack of published scientific data. Tear film deficiency is recognized as an important ocular surface disease in dogs but has not been well evaluated in birds.

Radiographic evaluation of cardiac size in four Falconiform species.

To establish reference values for the cardiac size during radiographic examination in 4 species of Falconiformes used for falconry, lateral and ventrodorsal radiographs were examined from healthy birds of 4 species: Harris' hawks (Parabuteo unicinctus) (n = 48), peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus) (n = 35), saker falcons (Falco cherrug) (n = 19), and lanner falcons (Falco biarmicus) (n = 13). On the lateral view, ratios between the length of the heart from base to apex and total length of the carina were calculated. On the ventrodorsal view, ratios between the width of the heart at its widest point and the distance between the ribs at the same level and between the width of the coracoid immediately caudal to the humeral articular surface in the shoulder joint and width of the heart and the distance between the ribs were calculated.