Tracking changes in antimicrobial resistance and clone replacement of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Rio de Janeiro from 2015 to 2022.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae poses a significant global public health challenge due to its ability to rapidly evolve antimicrobial resistance. In this study, we analyzed 141 isolates of N. gonorrhoeae obtained between 2015 and 2022 from clinical laboratories in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro.

Development of a Clean-Label Meat-Free Alternative to Deli Ham.

Reducing meat consumption is a key strategy to mitigate environmental impact, lower the incidence of diet-related diseases, and promote sustainable food production. In response, the plant-based food market has grown significantly, motivated by demand for meat-like products. This study aimed to develop a meatless alternative to deli ham (MAD) free of chemical additives, adhering to clean label principles.

Emergency and persistence of Escherichia coli ST131 as community-onset antimicrobial resistant urinary tract infection in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) are among the most common public health problems worldwide, mostly caused by Escherichia coli. High-risk pandemic clones, especially ST131, are known for their association with multidrug resistance. A better understanding of epidemiologic and molecular characteristics may provide insights into the dissemination and evolution of this pathogen.

Health Promotion Actions for the Homeless Population: A Literature Review Conducted in Brazil.

This review aims to identify health promotion actions for the homeless population in the scientific literature. A bibliographic review was conducted, with searches performed in the following databases: Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, Embase, and Medline. The studies found were analyzed by two independent evaluators using the search strategy that screened 6,446 studies, of which 20 met the eligibility criteria.

Decoding the evolutionary history of ST30 : insights into a potentially silent MSSA bloodstream pathogen.

Background: clonal complex 30 (CC30) is a historically significant pathogen affecting both hospital and community settings. The notable pandemic clones, phage-type 80/81 (PT80/81) and the Southwest Pacific clone (SWP) have spread internationally, contributing to significant morbidity and mortality. Despite their importance, research on the evolution of sequence type (ST) 30 has been limited, often focusing on a small number of strains or specific regions.

Elite Cacao Clonal Cultivars with Diverse Genetic Structure, High Potential of Production, and Good Organoleptic Quality Are Helping to Rebuild the Cocoa Industry in Brazil.

In the Americas' leading cocoa-producing countries, more productive clonal cultivars than traditional biclonal hybrids have been created. In Brazil, several disease-resistant and self-compatible clones such as PS 1319, FA 13, and SJ 02 have been selected on producer farms. The CCN 51 clone from Ecuador is also significant in Brazil.

Sustainable Meat Alternatives: Incorporation of and Powders into Pork-Based Hybrid Hams.

The increasing demand for sustainable meat alternatives has driven research into edible insects as a protein source. This study developed and characterized hybrid hams using pork meat with 10% of , 10% of or 5% of plus 5% of powders. The hybrid hams were analyzed for color, texture, nutritional composition, amino acid profile, antioxidant activity, and consumer acceptance.

The action of injectable nanodispersion of Bixa orellana (Chronic-in®) on arthritis in diabetic rats: pharmacological and histopathological studies.

Unlabelled: Diabetic arthritis (DA) is a microvascular complication associated with diabetes mellitus (DM), necessitating the exploration of innovative therapeutic approaches. The Amazon biome, rich in bioactive compounds, offers potential treatments; notably, Bixa orellana, which contains tocotrienol and geranylgeraniol, exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, particularly when formulated as a nanodispersion.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the pharmacological effects of an injectable nanodispersion of Bixa orellana, termed Chronic-in®, in diabetic Wistar rats.

World Health Organization priority antimicrobial resistance in and healthcare-associated bloodstream infections in Brazil (ASCENSION): a prospective, multicentre, observational study.

Background: Carbapenem-resistant (CRE), (CRAB), (CRPA), methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant (VRE) are listed by World Health Organization (WHO) as priority antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. Data on WHO Priority Antimicrobial resistance Phenotype (WPAP) bacteria from low- and middle-income countries are scarce. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of WPAP in healthcare-associated bloodstream infections (BSI) in Brazil, an upper-middle-income country in South America.

Multivariate analysis to evaluate the storage time of cocoa honey (Theobroma cacao L.) processed by pasteurization and high intensity ultrasound.

This study investigated the effects of thermal pasteurization, thermal pasteurization with additives, and high-intensity ultrasound techniques on the storage of cocoa honey (Theobroma cacao L.) over a 28-day period. Physicochemical analyses revealed significant differences among the treatments, with thermal pasteurization maintaining stability for up to 14 days, pasteurization with additives for up to 28 days, and ultrasound treatment for up to 21 days.

Influence of Disease Knowledge on the Metabolic Control of Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Aim:  Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent disease in the Portuguese population and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Its proper therapeutic management is multifactorial, with lifestyle habits having a major impact. Studies show that poorer metabolic control is associated with deficient knowledge related to diabetes, lower self-efficacy, and limited patient empowerment.

Clonal shift and impact of azithromycin use on antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bloodstream infection during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Staphylococcus aureus is a relevant pathogen in bloodstream infections (BSI), and the emergency of the COVID-19 pandemic increased its antimicrobial resistance. S. aureus isolates from BSI (September/2019 - March/2021) were analyzed phenotypically and molecularly, in addition to the clinical features of the patients.

Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Probiotics: Insights from In Vitro Assays.

Probiotics are microorganisms that provide health benefits at adequate doses and exhibit notable antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. These properties play crucial roles in combating chronic diseases linked to oxidative stress and antimicrobial resistance. This review aimed to summarize the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of probiotics determined in in vitro studies and discuss mechanistic actions and analysis methods.

Knowledge, attitude and practice of puerperal adolescents after an educational intervention on the mini contraceptive pill.

Background: (1) Statistically significant association between sociodemographic and gynecological-obstetric variables.

Background: (2) The puerperal women had inadequate knowledge, attitudes and practices about the mini-pill.

Background: (3) After two months, there was an increase in the puerperal women's knowledge and practice.

IST Nurse®: development and validity evidence of a mobile application as a support for the clinical management of Sexually Transmitted Infections.

Objective: to develop and evaluate the validity evidence of a mobile application to support nurses in the clinical management of sexually transmitted infections.

Method: methodological study conducted in four steps: analysis and definition of requirements; content definition; computational representation with system design; and coding with testing and refinement. In the first steps, nurses with expertise in the subject participated, and in the last, professionals with education in information and communication technology.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae ST-1901 in Rio de Janeiro from 2006 to 2022: Phylogeny and antimicrobial resistance evolution of a well-succeeded pathogen.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a global threat to public health due to the accumulation of antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. ST-1901 is an internationally important sequence type (ST) because of its high incidence and the usual occurrence of chromosomally determined resistance. In this study, we describe the evolution of the ST-1901 and its single locus variants in Rio de Janeiro from 2006 to 2022.

Nanoemulsions of essential oils against multi-resistant microorganisms: An integrative review.

Microbial resistance to drugs continues to be a global public health issue that demands substantial investment in research and development of new antimicrobial agents. Essential oils (EO) have demonstrated satisfactory and safe antimicrobial action, being used in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food formulations. In order to improve solubility, availability, and biological action, EO have been converted into nanoemulsions (NE).

Hydroethanolic extracts from : a study on acute toxicity in Zebrafish embryos and adults.

Context: The botanical species Aublet (Leguminosae-Cercidoideae) is traditionally used in the Amazon for medicinal purposes.

Objective: The acute toxicity of the hydroethanolic extracts from leaves and stems (HELBg and HESBg) was evaluated in zebrafish (), with emphasis on the embryonic developmental stage and adult alterations.

Materials And Methods: Extracts were analyzed on LC-DAD-MS/MS.

Alternative to antimicrobial growth promoters in the diets of broilers challenged with subclinical necrotic enteritis.

Necrotic enteritis (NE) is a disease of worldwide distribution, which affects young broilers and causes economic losses on a scale of 6 billion dollars per year. For decades, NE was controlled in poultry flocks by dietary administration of low doses of antimicrobial growth promoters (AGPs). However, an increase in NE incidence was noted after the AGP ban.

Optimization of HS-SPME/GC-MS Method for Determining Volatile Organic Compounds and Sensory Profile in Cocoa Honey from Different Cocoa Varieties ( L.).

This study aimed to develop an analytical method using HS-SPME/GC-MS to determine the volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles and evaluate the sensory attributes of cocoa honey from four cocoa varieties (CCN51, PS1319, SJ02, and Parazinho). Using a multivariate factorial experimental design, the HS-SPME/GC-MS method was optimized to determine the VOC profiles. Twenty previously trained tasters participated in the ranking descriptive analysis, while 108 consumers participated in the acceptance and purchase intention tests.

Can habits and behaviors predict colonization by community-associated MRSA in patients admitted to a Brazilian hospital?

This study aimed to identify factors associated with colonization by community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) in adult patients admitted to a Brazilian hospital. This is a cross-sectional study, in which patients underwent a nasal swab and were asked about hygiene behavior, habits, and clinical history. Among the 702 patients, 180 (25.

Purple Urine Bag Syndrome: A Rare Phenomenon Managed in Primary Care.

Purple urine bag syndrome (PUBS) is a rare manifestation of urinary tract infection (UTI) characterized by bluish-purple discoloration of urine, typically seen in patients with long-term urinary catheters. It occurs due to the bacterial metabolism of dietary tryptophan into indole, which is converted into indoxyl sulfate in the liver and then excreted in the urine, where it reacts with catheter materials under alkaline conditions. Risk factors include chronic constipation, advanced age, female gender, dehydration, and recurrent UTIs.

The WMI Rat of Premature Cognitive Aging Presents Intrinsic Vulnerability to Oxidative Stress in Primary Neurons and Astrocytes Compared to Its Nearly Isogenic WLI Control.

The primary neuronal and astrocyte culture described here is from the stress-hyperreactive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) More Immobile (WMI) rat with premature aging-related memory deficit, and its nearly isogenic control, the Less Immobile (WLI) strain. Primary WMI hippocampal neurons and cortical astrocytes are significantly more sensitive to oxidative stress (OS) generated by administration of HO compared to WLI cells as measured by the trypan blue cell viability assay. Intrinsic genetic vulnerability is also suggested by the decreased gene expression in WMI neurons of catalase (), and in WMI cortical astrocytes of insulin-like growth factor 2 (), synuclein gamma () and glutathione peroxidase 2 () compared to WLI.

Death Induced by Survival gene Elimination (DISE) correlates with neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's disease and aging.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration, but the specific events that cause cell death remain poorly understood. Death Induced by Survival gene Elimination (DISE) is a cell death mechanism mediated by short (s) RNAs acting through the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). DISE is thus a form of RNA interference, in which G-rich 6mer seed sequences in the sRNAs (position 2-7) target hundreds of C-rich 6mer seed matches in genes essential for cell survival, resulting in the activation of cell death pathways.