Biological attributes of zinc-dependent endopeptidases in endothelial dysfunction associated with sepsis: a narrative review.

Understanding of the pathophysiology of sepsis allows the development of new therapeutic approaches, beyond supportive care and antimicrobial therapy, to help reduce the high mortality rates in intensive care units. In this context, a large number of experimental and clinical studies in the last 20 years support the key role of the endothelium in sepsis in relation to organ failure. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the role of zinc-dependent endopeptidases and their endogenous inhibitors in endothelial dysfunction associated with sepsis as well as in other pathologies.

A 15-year study of neuraminidase mutations and the increasing of S247N mutation in Spain.

The therapeutic arsenal against influenza is extremely limited and resistance often arises due to the emergence of mutations, especially in the neuraminidase (NA) gene. This study aimed to evaluate the evolution of NA mutations over 15 years in Spain. To do so, we used the GISAID database from which we downloaded a total of 11,125 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2), B/Victoria and B/Yamagata NA virus sequences, and analyzed the resistance mutations using FluSurver software.

Study on the diagnostic role of exosome-derived miRNAs in postoperative septic shock and non-septic shock patients.

Background: Diagnosing septic shock promptly is essential but challenging, especially due to its clinical similarity to non-septic shock. Extracellular vesicle-derived miRNAs may serve as biomarkers to distinguish septic shock from non-septic shock, providing a more accurate diagnostic tool for postsurgical patients. This study aims to identify extracellular vesicle-derived miRNA signatures that differentiate septic shock from non-septic shock in postsurgical patients, potentially improving diagnostic accuracy and clinical decision-making.

miRNome Profiling of Extracellular Vesicles in Patients With Severe COVID-19 and Identification of Predictors of Mortality.

Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs), containing microRNAs (miRNAs) and other molecules, play a central role in intercellular communication, especially in viral infections caused by SARS-CoV-2. This study explores the miRNA profiles in plasma-derived EVs from patients with severe COVID-19 vs controls, identifying potential mortality predictors.

Methods: This prospective study included 36 patients with severe COVID-19 and 33 controls without COVID-19.

Protein kinase C family evolution in jawed vertebrates.

Protein kinase C (PKC) was one of the first kinases identified in human cells. It is now known to constitute a family of kinases that respond to diacylglycerol, phosphatidylserine and for some family members, Ca. They have a plethora of different functions, such as cell cycle regulation, immune response and memory formation.

Opioid and Notch signaling pathways are reciprocally regulated through miR- 29a and miR-212 expression.

Background: The abuse of opioids, such as morphine and phentanyl or other drugs as heroin is a social and health problem that affects an increasing number of people each year. The activation of the mu opioid receptor triggers several molecular changes that alter the expression of diverse genes, including miRNAs. The dysregulation of these molecules could explain some of the developmental alterations that are induced after drug intake.

Morphine delays neural stem cells differentiation by facilitating Nestin overexpression.

Background: Morphine is used as an analgesic although it causes important secondary effects. These effects are triggered by several mechanisms leading to the dysregulation of gene expression. Here we aimed to study these alterations on neural stem cells (NSC) during CNS development.

μ Opioid Receptor Expression after Morphine Administration Is Regulated by miR-212/132 Cluster.

Since their discovery, miRNAs have emerged as a promising therapeutical approach in the treatment of several diseases, as demonstrated by miR-212 and its relation to addiction. Here we prove that the miR-212/132 cluster can be regulated by morphine, through the activation of mu opioid receptor (Oprm1). The molecular pathways triggered after morphine administration also induce changes in the levels of expression of oprm1.

MicroRNA let-7d is a target of cannabinoid CB1 receptor and controls cannabinoid signaling.

Cannabinoid CB1 receptor, the molecular target of endocannabinoids and cannabis active components, is one of the most abundant metabotropic receptors in the brain. Cannabis is widely used for both recreational and medicinal purposes. Despite the ever-growing fundamental roles of microRNAs in the brain, the possible molecular connections between the CB1 receptor and microRNAs are surprisingly unknown.

Role of morphine, miR-212/132 and mu opioid receptor in the regulation of Bdnf in zebrafish embryos.

Background: Morphine is one of the first-line therapies for the treatment of pain despite its secondary effects. It modifies the expression of epigenetic factors like miRNAs. In the present study, we analyzed miR-212 and miR-132 and their implication in morphine effects in the zebrafish Central Nervous System (CNS) through the regulation of Bdnf expression.