G-protein coupled receptors in neuroinflammation, neuropharmacology, and therapeutics.

The G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent one of the most pharmacologically targeted classes of seven-transmembrane (7TM) receptors, identified through whole genome sequencing of humans. GPCRs transduce extracellular stimuli and signals into intracellular responses, enabling precise cellular communication for physiology and homeostasis. Given their ability to sense a variety of ligands, GPCRs regulate a plethora of physiological functions, such as sensory perception, hormonal regulation and metabolism, growth and development, cardiovascular and reproductive regulation.

Breaking new ground in heart failure management: novel therapies and future frontiers.

Heart failure (HF) management is advancing in the field of cardiology, driven by the increasing availability of progressive medications. Emerging pharmacological therapies in heart failure management include SGLT-2 inhibitors, ARNI, Vericiguat, and Omecamtiv. Other novel therapies that are changing the scope of HF management include IV Iron therapy and new antifibrotic agents, such as pirfenidone and pamrevlumab.

Prevalence of maxillary sinus septa and its impact on sinus augmentation procedures for implant placement.

The prevalence, classification and clinical significance of sinus septa and their impact on surgical procedures is of interest. A cross-sectional study involving 30 patients assessed maxillary sinus septa using CBCT imaging. Septa were classified into primary and secondary types and surgical difficulty, membrane perforation and implant success were recorded.

Late Immune-Related Adverse Events After At Least Two Years of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: Incidence and Association With Survival in Patients With Advanced NSCLC.

Background: Limited data are available on late immune-related adverse events (IRAEs) in patients with metastatic NSCLC receiving immunotherapy (ICI) beyond 2 years.

Methods: A single-institution retrospective analysis including patients who received longer than 2 years of ICI therapy for metastatic NSCLC between 2012 and 2023 was performed. Late IRAEs were defined as those occurring longer than 2 years after initiation of ICI therapy.

Protocol for a two-clone system to study signaling interactions among neuronal cells in a pre-clinical Alzheimer's disease model.

This protocol outlines a two-clone genetic mosaic approach in Drosophila to study cell signaling using the FLP/FRT (Flippase/Flippase recombination target) and Gal4/UAS (upstream activating sequence)/Gal80 systems. We generated a stable transgenic line expressing human Aβ42, and then we crossed it with a GFP-marked FRT line to produce mosaic clones via heat-shock-induced recombination. Then we dissected, stained, and imaged the eye discs to visualize wild-type and mutant clones.

Simplified, Physically Motivated, and Broadly Applicable Range-Separation Tuning.

Range-separated hybrid (RSH) functionals with "ionization energy" and/or "optimal tuning" of the screening parameter have proven to be among the most practical and accurate approaches for describing excited-state properties across a wide range of systems, including condensed matter. However, this method typically requires multiple self-consistent calculations and can become computationally expensive and unstable, particularly for extended systems. In this work, we propose a very simple and efficient alternative approach to determine the screening parameter for RSH functionals solely on the basis of the total electron density of the system and the compressibility sum rule of density functional theory (DFT).

Characterization of holins, the membrane proteins of coliphage ASEC2201: a genomewide approach.

Drug-resistant poses a significant healthcare burden, driving the search for novel antimicrobials. We have previously done the isolation and whole-genome sequencing of ASEC2201, a novel coliphage derived from multidrug-resistant clinical strains. Here, we report the identification and characterization of phage enzyme, holin by in silico approaches.

Atypical Presentation of Syphilis With a Superimposed Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection.

Syphilis, caused by the organism , is a sexually transmitted infection that typically presents with a painless ulcer on the genitalia or oral mucosa. Primary syphilitic ulcers can go unnoticed and progress to more serious presentations, including disseminated cutaneous disease, neurologic disease, and even death. Early recognition and treatment can resolve the infection.

Correction: Phage derived lytic peptides, a secret weapon against -An approach.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.

TMPO-AS1-hsa-let-7b-5p-EZH2-RNA network predicts poor survival in basal-like breast cancer patients.

Background: The study explores the role of non-coding ribonucleic acids (ncRNAs) and higher enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) gene in breast cancer progression, examining how microRNA (miRNA) and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) control EZH2, potentially influencing oncogene growth and treatment failure.

Materials And Methods: The databases used in the study included Cyclebase 3.0 and CellTracer to determine EZH2's role in cell cycle, Oncomine, OncoMX and The University of Alabama At Birmingham Cancer Data Analysis Portal (UALCAN) for Pan-cancer analysis, The Cancer Genomic Atlas Portal (TCGA Portal), Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA2), OncoDB, CR2Cancer, Encyclopaedia of RNA Interactomes (ENCORI), and The Cancer Genome Altas Analyzer (TCGAnalyzeR v1.

MicroRNAs in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders: Potential as therapeutic targets.

Neurodegenerative diseases (neurodegenerative disorders) are marked by the progressive degeneration of the structure and function of the central nervous system. They may result in the deterioration of cognitive, motor, and functional abilities. Diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis represent some of the most prominent examples of neurodegenerative disorders.

Autophagosome-lysosome mediated secretion of the thrombopoietin receptor is modulated by distinct driver mutations of myeloproliferative neoplasm.

The maintenance of the haematopoietic stem cells and the production of platelets thereof is acutely dependent upon the thrombopoietin receptor (TpoR). TpoR dimerizes in the presence of its ligand thrombopoietin leading to the activation of downstream JAK2-STAT signalling. Alternatively, the receptor dimerizes in the presence of activating mutations of JAK2 (JAK2 V617F), calreticulin or TpoR leading to myeloproliferation.

Novel kinetic and developmental transcriptomic pan-stress responses by embryonic stem cells.

Embryo development is highly susceptible to environmental stressors, contributing significantly to early miscarriages in 70% of human embryos (Cross et al. in Science 266:1508-1518, 1994, Macklon et al. in Hum Reprod Update 8:333-343, 2002).

Single nucleotide polymorphism and expression of P16 gene as a potential biomarker for oral and pre-oral cancer.

Objective: This study investigated the association between p16 gene and its 450 C > G (rs11515) polymorphism with risk of oral cancer and precancerous oral lesions/oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD).

Method: The study included 230 individuals with OPMD conditions (70 with leukoplakia, 90 with oral submucous fibrosis, and 70 with lichen planus), 72 oral cancer patients, and 300 cancer-free healthy controls. Genotyping of the p16 450 C > G polymorphism was conducted using PCR-RFLP methods, and genotype and allele frequencies were analyzed using chi-square test.

Interaction of Phosphorylated C5aR1 With β-Arrestin1: A Comparative Structural Modeling Study.

The complement system is an essential element of the immune response, significantly contributing to the body's defense against pathogens by augmenting inflammation, opsonizing pathogens, and promoting cell lysis. The C5aR1 and C5aR2, which interact with the highly potent complement fragment C5a, are a crucial part of this system. C5aR1, a classical G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), activates G-proteins upon binding C5a and triggers the proinflammatory signaling cascades.

Left atrial appendage occlusion procedure and antithrombotics: less may be enough for lower risk patients: A single-center observational study.

Antithrombotic therapy following left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) is recommended to prevent device-induced thrombosis and stroke. Guidelines suggest oral anticoagulants and aspirin for the first 45 days and then dual antiplatelet therapy for 6 months. However, regimens for antithrombotic therapy varies widely.

Antibacterial Efficacy of Various Root Canal Sealers Against .

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the antibacterial effectiveness of different root canal sealers against .

Materials And Methods: The antibacterial efficacy of four root canal sealers-three bioceramic materials (TotalFill Bioceramic Sealer, BioRoot Root Canal Sealer, and MTA Fillapex) and one epoxy resin-based sealer (AH Plus)-against (ATCC 29212) was assessed using a modified direct contact test. Every sealer was made under the manufacturer's instructions, and its antibacterial activity was evaluated against newly mixed and set sealers (1 and 3 days) at various intervals (2, 5, 20, and 60 min).

Thymomas and Thymic Carcinomas, Version 2.2025, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines In Oncology.

Thymomas and thymic carcinomas are rare mediastinal tumors that originate in the thymus. Patients with thymoma may experience symptoms associated with autoimmune paraneoplastic diseases (such as myasthenia gravis), which typically do not occur in patients with thymic carcinoma. The NCCN Guidelines for Thymomas and Thymic Carcinomas provide guidance for the diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance of patients with thymoma and thymic carcinoma.

Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy, Preterm Delivery, and Infant Size: Which Mothers Have Highest Cardiovascular Disease Mortality?

Background: Research on new-onset hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and long-term maternal cardiovascular disease (CVD) death has focused on mothers of small-for-gestational-age infants rather than large-for-gestational-age infants.

Objectives: We further explored this focus by investigating CVD death in mothers with HDP by gestational age at delivery across the full spectrum of infant birth size.

Methods: We used data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway, the Norwegian National Population Register, and the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry, with information on mothers giving birth 1967-2020.

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Patients With Preexisting Autoimmune Neurologic Disorders.

Importance: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are efficacious in many cancer types but can produce immune-related adverse events (irAEs). As such, patients with preexisting autoimmune disorders are often excluded from clinical trials, although subsequent studies have shown that many of these patients have acceptable ICI tolerance. The safety and efficacy of ICIs among patients with preexisting neurologic autoimmune disorders (NAIDs) is not well characterized.

Differential regulation of mTORC2 signalling by type I and type II calreticulin (CALR) driver mutations of myeloproliferative neoplasm.

Calreticulin (CALR) is an endoplasmic reticulum chaperone. Frameshift mutations in CALR were discovered in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasm showing increased platelet counts. The frameshift was observed in the last exon of CALR, leading to a novel C-terminal tail.

Combination of Lurbinectedin and Osimertinib for Treatment of -Mutated Transformed SCLC: A Brief Report.

Third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors are effective treatment of -mutated NSCLC. After an initial response, patients on this therapy ultimately develop resistance leading to disease progression. One of the resistance mechanisms is histological transformation to SCLC.

CA1 Pyramidal Neurons Exhibit Upregulated Translation of Long MRNAs Associated with LTP.

In the model of SYNGAP1-related intellectual disability (SRID), excessive neuronal protein synthesis is linked to deficits in synaptic plasticity. Here, we use Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification and RNA-seq (TRAP-seq) to identify mistranslating mRNAs in CA1 pyramidal neurons that exhibit occluded long-term potentiation (LTP). We find the translation environment is significantly altered in a manner that is distinct from the model of fragile X syndrome (FXS), another monogenic model of autism and intellectual disability.