Machine learning endometrial cancer risk prediction model: integrating guidelines of European Society for Medical Oncology with the tumor immune framework.

Objective: Current prognostic factors for endometrial cancer are not sufficient to predict recurrence in early stages. Treatment choices are based on the prognostic factors included in the risk classes defined by the ESMO-ESGO-ESTRO (European Society for Medical Oncology-European Society of Gynaecological Oncology-European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology) consensus conference with the new biomolecular classification based on POLE, TP53, and microsatellite instability status. However, a minority of early stage cases relapse regardless of their low risk profiles.

Vaccine hesitancy and knowledge regarding maternal immunization among reproductive age women in central Italy: a cross sectional study.

Background: Vaccination in pregnancy offers protection to the mother and the newborn. In Italy, influenza, pertussis, and COVID-19 vaccinations are recommended in pregnancy, but vaccination coverage is still far from the National Immunization Plan goals. We aimed to assess knowledge and attitude on maternal immunization in two groups of Italian women, in pregnancy and in reproductive age (non pregnant).

Towards reproducible research in recurrent pregnancy loss immunology: Learning from cancer microenvironment deconvolution.

The most recent international guidelines regarding recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) exclude most of the immunological tests recommended for RPL since they do not reach an evidence-based level. Comparisons for metanalysis and systematic reviews are limited by the ambiguity in terms of RPL definition, etiological and risk factors, diagnostic work-up, and treatments applied. Therefore, cohort heterogeneity, the inadequacy of numerosity, and the quality of data confirm a not standardized research quality in the RPL field, especially for immunological background, for which potential research application remains confined in a separate single biological layer.

Transvaginal Ultrasound Findings After Laparoscopic Rectosigmoid Segmental Resection for Deep Infiltrating Endometriosis.

Objectives: To evaluate transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) findings in patients who underwent segmental rectosigmoid resection for deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) and to correlate postsurgical ultrasound findings with symptoms.

Methods: A retrospective study including 50 premenopausal women with bowel endometriosis who underwent segmental rectosigmoid resection was conducted. Within 12 months after surgery, a TVUS examination was conducted in all patients to evaluate the presence of postsurgical endometriosis locations and symptoms, including dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, dysuria, dyschezia, and chronic pelvic pain.

Erratum to "Uterine Tumor Resembling Ovarian Sex Cord Tumors Type II with Vaginal Vault Recurrence".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2019/5231219.].

Pregnancy-Related Complications in Women with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: A Prospective Cohort Study.

The aim of this prospective cohort study was to determine whether women with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) have an increased risk of pregnancy complications compared to normal pregnant women. A total of 1092 singleton pregnancies were followed, 431 in women with RPL and 661 in normal healthy women. The prevalence of the following complications was observed: threatened miscarriage, miscarriage, cervical insufficiency, chromosomal/genetic abnormalities, fetal anomalies, oligohydramnios, polyhydramnios, fetal growth restriction, intrauterine fetal death, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), preeclampsia, placenta previa, abruptio placentae, pregnancy-related liver disorders, and preterm premature rupture of the membranes.

First-trimester trophoblasts obtained by chorionic villus sampling maintain tolerogenic and proteomic features in successful pregnancies despite a history of unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss.

Problem: While there are several known causes for recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), about 50% are unexplained (uRPL), and in these cases, an aberrant immune regulation seems to be involved. Although fetally derived trophoblast cells have a key role in immune regulation, it is difficult to study their immune function during pregnancy, and it is not known whether trophoblast function may be an inherent aberration in uRPL or whether it is associated with the outcome of the current pregnancy.

Method Of Study: Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) was performed for clinical indications at 12 weeks of gestation.

Uterine and placental blood flow indexes and antinuclear autoantibodies in unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss: should they be investigated in pregnancy as correlated potential factors? A retrospective study.

Background: The potential role of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) in recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) pathogenesis is still debated, although some evidences suggest that they could affect pregnancy outcome, leading to a higher miscarriage rate in these patients. A hypothesized mechanism is through changes in uterine flow in pre-conceptional stage, by modifying endometrial receptivity in RPL. However, scant data are available, in pregnancy, about their role in RPL placental perfusion, also in relation to its potential treatments, such as low molecular weight heparin (LMWH).

Longitudinal Changes of Subpubic Arch Angle throughout Pregnancy.

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess whether the subpubic arch angle (SPA) changes throughout pregnancy.

Materials And Methods: We recruited a group of nulliparous women in the first trimester of pregnancy. Each woman was assessed 3 times throughout pregnancy, once per each trimester, by measuring SPA using a recently described highly reproducible three-dimensional transperineal ultrasound (linear reconstruction with contrast enhancement technique; OmniView-volume contrast imaging).

Endometrial Immune Dysfunction in Recurrent Pregnancy Loss.

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) represents an unresolved problem for contemporary gynecology and obstetrics. In fact, it is not only a relevant complication of pregnancy, but is also a significant reproductive disorder affecting around 5% of couples desiring a child. The current knowledge on RPL is largely incomplete, since nearly 50% of RPL cases are still classified as unexplained.

Amniotic fluid antiphospholipid antibodies: potential role in antiphospholipid syndrome-independent aberrant implantation process.

Background: The direct role of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) at maternal-fetal interface has not been fully investigated, especially whether they are involved in physiological and pathological implantation conditions, in an antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)-independent manner. In fact, trophoblast cells and placental endothelial cells at the implantation site express potential aPL targeted-phospholipid antigens (PL Ags); thus, the local production and presence of their specific antibodies, not related to APS (characterized by aPL presence in the peripheral blood), could be a potential marker of aberrant invasion, implantation and fetal-maternal immune tolerance processes.

Methods: Anti-Betaglycoprotein I (anti-βGPI) and anticardiolipin (aCL Ab) antibodies (the most clinically relevant aPL) were detected by immunoenzymatic assay (ELISA), in the amniotic fluid (AF) of 167 women with physiological and complicated common pregnancy conditions, sharing an aberrant implantation process, such as recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), autoimmune hypothyroidism (ahT) and smoking.

Significant relationship of combined ACP/PTPN22 genotype variants with the growth of uterine leiomyomas.

Objective: To analyze the interaction between ACP and PTPN22 concerning their effects on the growth of the tumor. In previous paper we have shown (i) that ACP*B/*B genotype of ACP is negatively associated with the growth of leiomyomas and (ii) that there is a negative association of *C/*C genotype of PTPN22 with tumor growth.

Materials And Methods: Two hundred and three White women from the population of Rome with symptomatic leiomyomas were recruited in the University of Rome Tor Vergata.

Effect of chorionic villus sampling on placental volume and vascularization in the first trimester of pregnancy.

To evaluate the effects of chorionic villus sampling (CVS) on placental volume (PV), perfusion, and vasculature in the first trimester of pregnancy. Uterine artery pulsatility index (PI), PV, vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI), and Vascularization Flow Index (VFI) were serially measured in 38 pregnant women who underwent CVS. Thirty-eight women who did not undergo invasive prenatal diagnosis were recruited as controls.

hCG and Its Disruption by Environmental Contaminants during Human Pregnancy.

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a hormone of considerable importance in the establishment, promotion and maintenance of human pregnancy. It has been clearly demonstrated that hCG exerts multiple endocrine, paracrine and autocrine actions on a variety of gestational and non-gestational cells and tissues. These actions are directed to promote trophoblast invasiveness and differentiation, placental growth, angiogenesis in uterine vasculature, hormone production, modulation of the immune system at the maternal-fetal interface, inhibition of myometrial contractility as well as fetal growth and differentiation.

Hysteroscopic polypectomy: a comparison between 22 Fr and 26 Fr resectoscopes under paracervical block anesthesia, a randomized controlled study.

The aim of this study was to compare 22 Fr unipolar resectoscope with the traditional 26 Fr unipolar resectoscope in endometrial polypectomy performed under paracervical block anesthesia. The trial took place in Gynecologic Unit, Department of Surgery, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome. Inclusion criteria were: diagnosis of endometrial polyps <3 cm at office hysteroscopy; agreement of patients to perform surgery under paracervical block anesthesia but not in office setting.

Ectopic pregnancy in women with recurrent miscarriage.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the possible association between recurrent miscarriage (RM) and ectopic pregnancy (EP).

Methods: In this case-control retrospective study, the clinical cards of women followed as outpatients in the RM and low-risk pregnancy offices of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit at the Policlinico Tor Vergata University Hospital were carefully reviewed for the occurrence of EP.

Results: Overall, 598 women with RM and 2043 normal women without RM (controls) were included in the study.

Three-Dimensional Hysterosalpingo Contrast Sonography with Gel Foam: Methodology and Feasibility to Obtain 3-Dimensional Volumes of Tubal Shape.

Objectives: To investigate the feasibility of hysterosalpingo foam sonography (HyFoSy) with automated 3-dimensional (3D) software in the evaluation of tubal patency and visualization of the tubal course by obtaining a 3D volume acquisition of tubes.

Design: Prospective observational study (Canadian Task Force classification III).

Setting: University hospital.

OLR1 and Loxin Expression in PBMCs of Women with a History of Unexplained Recurrent Miscarriage: A Pilot Study.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of OLR1 and its alternative splicing isoform Loxin in unexplained recurrent miscarriage (uRM).

Methods: Sixty-three women of reproductive age were recruited and were divided into four groups: 18 pregnant and 23 non-pregnant women with uRM, and 12 pregnant and 10 non-pregnant women with physiological pregnancies. Complementary DNA derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR to evaluate the expression of OLR1 and Loxin.

Insecure attachment style predicts low bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. A pilot study.

Introduction: Major depressive disorder (MDD) and osteoporosis are two common disorders with high morbidity and mortality rates. Conflicting data have found associations between MDD and low bone mineral density (BMD) or osteoporosis, although causative factors are still unclear. A pilot study was designed with the aim to assess the relationship between MDD and BMD in postmenopausal women with MDD compared to healthy volunteers.

Zika virus infection and pregnancy: what we do and do not know.

Recent data strongly suggest an association between the current outbreak of ZIKA virus (ZIKV) in many countries of Central and South America and a sharp increase in the detection of microcephaly and fetal malformations. The link with brain defect, which has been detected mainly in some areas of Brazil, is supported by the following evidence: (1) ZIKV transmission from infected pregnant women to their fetuses; (2) the potential of ZIKV to determine a specific congenital fetal syndrome characterized by abnormalities involving primarily the developing brain and eye. In particular, the risk of transmission and congenital disease appears to be restricted to mother's infection during the first trimester of pregnancy.

Antinuclear autoantibodies and pregnancy outcome in women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage.

Problem: To investigate whether antinuclear autoantibodies (ANA) could be related to the outcome of the successive pregnancy in women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage (uRM).

Methods: Circulating ANA were measured by indirect immunofluorescence in 86 women with uRM before pregnancy, repeated in the first trimester of the successive gestation and correlated with pregnancy outcome.

Results: Forty-one women were ANA- and 45 were ANA+ before pregnancy.