The role of tonic immobility during re-experiencing trauma in PTSD treatment.

Tonic immobility (TI) is a profound paralysis that may occur during extreme stress. Previous studies have found that TI during trauma was associated with poorer recovery from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Importantly, TI can re-occur during re-experiencing the trauma (TI).

Symptom retention after successful intensive trauma-focused treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder.

Evidence suggests that individuals undergoing successful treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) continue to experience PTSD symptoms. To determine the extent to which people continue to suffer from PTSD symptoms after intensive trauma-focused treatment and at six-month follow-up, despite no longer meeting diagnostic criteria for PTSD. In total, 1015 individuals with PTSD participated in an eight-day intensive trauma-focused treatment programme combining psychoeducation, physical activity, prolonged exposure, and EMDR therapy.

The relationship between changes in emotional intensity and treatment outcome in PTSD patients in EMDR therapy.

Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy primarily aims to reduce the emotional intensity or subjective disturbance associated with traumatic memories. However, to date, only one study has investigated whether a reduction in emotional intensity is related to a reduction in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between changes in emotional intensity of traumatic memories during EMDR therapy and treatment outcomes.

Treatment of traumatic birth experience with postpartum early eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: A traumatic birth experience can have negative consequences for both mother and infant, including developing (symptoms of) posttraumatic stress disorder, postpartum depression, difficulties in mother-infant bonding, fear of childbirth, or reduced quality of life.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and safety of early trauma-focused therapy, specifically eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy, in reducing symptoms and incidence of posttraumatic stress disorder at 9 weeks postpartum in women with a traumatic birth experience, compared with care as usual (controls).

Study Design: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in a hospital and 25 midwifery practices in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, enrolling women within 14 days postpartum who reported a traumatic birth experience.

The Effectiveness of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Therapy on Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Diagnostic Status in Patients with a Personality Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Individuals with a personality disorder (PD) often report high exposure to adverse events. Given the strong link between negative life events and PD pathology, it is essential to evaluate trauma-focused treatments in this population. This study evaluated the effectiveness of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy versus waitlist in reducing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and diagnostic status, distinguishing between patients with and without PTSD.

PTSD Symptoms change in response to a brief intensive trauma-focused treatment programme in non-veterans and veterans with war-related PTSD.

Evidence suggests that veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are less likely to benefit from trauma-focused treatment than are patients with PTSD who have not been exposed to war-related trauma. However, new developments in PTSD treatment that combine several evidence-based trauma-focused therapies within a short time frame may help veterans achieve outcomes similar to those of non-veterans. In this retrospective cohort study, we examined changes in PTSD symptoms and diagnostic status after treatment between veterans and non-veterans.

Brief intensive EMDR therapy for PTSD in adults with mild intellectual disability or borderline intellectual functioning and behavioural problems: a multiple baseline design study.

Individuals with mild intellectual disability (MID; IQ 50-70) or borderline intellectual functioning (BIF; IQ 70-85) are at an elevated risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with PTSD symptoms possibly associated with behavioural problems. It is important to test the effectiveness of trauma-focused treatments, such as eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy, for adults with MID-BIF, PTSD, and severe behavioural problems. To determine the safety and effectiveness of brief intensive EMDR therapy carried out by a team of rotating therapists in adults with MID-BIF, PTSD, and severe behavioural problems.

Network Analysis of Temporomandibular Disorder Pain and Subject-Based Bruxism in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Patients.

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychosocial factor of interest in the multifactorial aetiology of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) pain, awake bruxism (AB) and sleep bruxism (SB).

Objective: To investigate direct and indirect associations between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), TMD pain, AB, SB and demographic and psychological variables using network analysis.

Methods: The study sample included 597 subjects recruited from a specialised centre for the treatment of PTSD.

Targeting craving with EMDR therapy: Future directions.

Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy may be a promising approach when targeting addiction-related memory representations that trigger craving. We propose a link with cue-reactivity mechanisms targeted by both cognitive bias modification training and cue-exposure therapy, including increased cue-devaluation, reduction in cognitive biases, and violation of dysfunctional expectancies. In this commentary, we propose a framework explaining the effects of addiction-focused EMDR therapy based on insights from working memory and inferential processing accounts, empirical evidence of underlying EMDR mechanisms, and the broader cue-exposure literature.

Effectiveness of an intensive outpatient treatment programme combining prolonged exposure and EMDR therapy for adolescents and young adults with PTSD in a naturalistic setting.

Psychotherapeutic interventions aimed at treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adolescents and young adults are hampered by high dropout rates. Looking at the results from adult treatments, short, intensive, outpatient treatment programmes may offer a promising alternative, but it has yet to be tested in this young population. To assess the results of a six-day intensive outpatient trauma-focused treatment programme for young individuals (12-25 years) with PTSD.

Patient and practitioner perspectives on tooth extractions without clinical justification.

Background: Nondental factors (ie, financial, psychological, or cultural considerations) can play a role in extraction requests. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether patients' perspectives on extraction without a valid clinical indication align with those of practitioners.

Methods: Dentists from 3 centers for special oral health care, oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMFS) from 3 hospitals in the Netherlands, and their patients participated in this prospective observational study.

Interventions to reduce adult state anxiety, dental trait anxiety, and dental phobia: A systematic review and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.

This review evaluates randomized controlled trials (RCTs) intervening on adult state anxiety (fear and emotional distress during dental treatment), chronic dental (trait) anxiety or dental phobia (disproportionately high trait anxiety; meeting diagnostic criteria for specific phobia). Seven online databases were systematically searched. 173 RCTs met inclusion criteria, of which 67 qualified for 14 pooled analyses.

Three Prospective Case Studies Examining Mifepristone's Efficacy in Patients with Treatment-Resistant PTSD.

Despite the availability of various treatment approaches for patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), some patients do not respond to these therapies, and novel treatment approaches are needed. This study investigated the efficacy of mifepristone, a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, in treatment-resistant PTSD patients. Three patients with PTSD who were resistant to standard psychological and pharmacological treatments were prescribed mifepristone (600-1,200 mg/day) for 1 week.

Visual Schema Displacement Therapy versus Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing therapy versus waitlist in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder: results of a randomized clinical trial.

Introduction: Visual Schema Displacement Therapy (VSDT) is a novel approach showing promise in mitigating distressing memories, akin to Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR).

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the safety, feasibility, and effectiveness of VSDT in individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), comparing it to EMDR therapy and a waitlist control condition (WLCC). It was hypothesized that the application of VSDT would be safe and PTSD symptoms significantly be reduced from both baseline to post-treatment and from baseline to follow-up in the VSDT and EMDR therapy conditions.

Childhood adversity in a youth psychiatric population: prevalence and associated mental health problems.

Childhood adversity can have lasting negative effects on physical and mental health. This study contributes to the existing literature by describing the prevalence rates and mental health outcomes related to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) among adolescents registered for mental health care. Participants in this cross-sectional study were youths (aged 12-18 years) who were referred to outpatient psychiatric departments in the Netherlands.

The AIP model as a theoretical framework for the treatment of personality disorders with EMDR therapy.

Research has shown that the impact of traumatic events and circumstances on individuals is cumulative and potentially has a wide range of harmful consequences, including negative consequences on mental health. One such consequence is the development of a personality disorder, a persistent mental condition characterized by a pronounced pattern of difficulties in impulse control, emotional regulation, cognitive functions, self-esteem, and interpersonal relationships. A wide array of studies indicates that the personal history of individuals with a personality disorder is often marked by exposure to traumatic events or other types of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs).

State of the science: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy.

Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy is an evidence-based psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with support from more than 30 published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) demonstrating its effectiveness in both adults and children. Most international clinical practice guidelines recommend EMDR therapy as a first-line treatment for PTSD. This paper describes the current state of the evidence for EMDR therapy.

Case report: Brief, intensive EMDR therapy for borderline personality disorder: results of two case studies with one year follow-up.

Background: Exposure to adverse childhood events plays an important role in the development of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Emerging evidence suggests that trauma-focused therapy using eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) can be beneficial for patients with BPD symptoms. To date, the effects of brief, intensive EMDR treatment for this target group have not been investigated in this population.

The effectiveness, efficiency, and acceptability of EMDR vs. EMDR 2.0 vs. the Flash technique in the treatment of patients with PTSD: study protocol for the ENHANCE randomized controlled trial.

Background: Several widely studied therapies have proven to be effective in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, there is still room for improvement because not all patients benefit from trauma-focused treatments. Improvements in the treatment of PTSD can be achieved by investigating ways to enhance existing therapies, such as eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy, as well as exploring novel treatments.

Psychometric evaluation of the Dutch International Trauma Questionnaire for the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases posttraumatic stress disorder and complex posttraumatic stress disorder.

Background: The International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ) is a recent self-report measure to assess the severity and probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD (CPTSD) as defined by the 11th revision of the . Few studies have examined the psychometric properties of full and short ITQ versions in depth. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Dutch-translated 28-item ITQ and the 12-item version.