Development of Highly Conductive and Stable Direct Writeable Metal-Free Inks Based on Carbon Nanotube and Functionalized Graphene Oxide.

In this study, we report our development of a new highly conductive and extremely stable 3D printable (or directly writable) metal-free ink for printed electronics applications. The ink consists of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and functionalized (with p-phenylenediamine or PPD) graphene oxide and exhibits conductivity that is nearly 1 order of magnitude greater than that of the previously reported CNT-GO inks. Comprehensive characterization of the CNT-GO-PPD ink reveals its optimal rheological properties (making it 3D printable or direct writable), uniform deposition characteristics, and remarkably high conductivity (among the very best in metal-free carbon-based inks).

Turnover atlas of proteome and phosphoproteome across mouse tissues and brain regions.

Understanding how proteins in different mammalian tissues are regulated is central to biology. Protein abundance, turnover, and post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation are key factors that determine tissue-specific proteome properties. However, these properties are challenging to study across tissues and remain poorly understood.

Clinicopathological Predictors of the Presence of Blood Circulating Tumor DNA in Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers.

The implementation of lung cancer screening programs across the world has drawn considerable attention to improving early-stage lung cancer detection and prognostication. Several blood-based assays detecting circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) recently emerged as noninvasive methods to detect malignancies. However, their limited sensitivity and predictive value remain a hurdle to their clinical use.

Combining single-cell ATAC and RNA sequencing for supervised cell annotation.

Motivation: Single-cell analysis offers insights into cellular heterogeneity and individual cell function. Cell type annotation is the first and critical step for performing such an analysis. Current methods mostly utilize single-cell RNA sequencing data.

Integrating State-Space Modeling, Parameter Estimation, Deep Learning, and Docking Techniques in Drug Repurposing: A Case Study on COVID-19 Cytokine Storm.

Objective: This study addresses the significant challenges posed by emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants, particularly in developing diagnostics and therapeutics. Drug repurposing is investigated by identifying critical regulatory proteins impacted by the virus, providing rapid and effective therapeutic solutions for better disease management.

Materials And Methods: We employed a comprehensive approach combining mathematical modeling and efficient parameter estimation to study the transient responses of regulatory proteins in both normal and virus-infected cells.

Human and mouse proteomics reveals the shared pathways in Alzheimer's disease and delayed protein turnover in the amyloidome.

Murine models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are crucial for elucidating disease mechanisms but have limitations in fully representing AD molecular complexities. Here we present the comprehensive, age-dependent brain proteome and phosphoproteome across multiple mouse models of amyloidosis. We identified shared pathways by integrating with human metadata and prioritized components by multi-omics analysis.

Association of pre-surgical circulating tumor DNA detection, use of sublobar resection with risk of recurrence in stage I non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Sublobar resection is increasingly recognized as an effective treatment for early-stage NSCLC. However, no studies to date have investigated the potential role of preoperative ctDNA detection in guiding surgical decisions, such as opting for sublobar resection, in stage I NSCLC.

Methods: Patients with solid-dominant (CTR>0.

An Extensive Atlas of Proteome and Phosphoproteome Turnover Across Mouse Tissues and Brain Regions.

Understanding how proteins in different mammalian tissues are regulated is central to biology. Protein abundance, turnover, and post-translational modifications like phosphorylation, are key factors that determine tissue-specific proteome properties. However, these properties are challenging to study across tissues and remain poorly understood.

Clinical Utility of Tumor-Naïve Presurgical Circulating Tumor DNA Detection in Early-Stage NSCLC.

Objectives: The use of tumor-informed circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) testing in patients with early-stage disease before surgery is limited, mainly owing to restricted tissue access and extended turnaround times. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of a tumor-naïve, methylation-based cell-free DNA assay in a large cohort of patients with resected NSCLC.

Method: We analyzed presurgical plasma samples from 895 patients with EGFR and anaplastic lymphoma kinase-wild-type, clinical stage I or II NSCLC.

Prognostic implication of methylation-based circulating tumor DNA detection prior to surgery in stage I non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) positivity at diagnosis, which is associated with worse outcomes in multiple solid tumors including stage I-III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), may have utility to guide (neo)adjuvant therapy.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 260 patients with clinical stage I NSCLC (180 adenocarcinoma, 80 squamous cell carcinoma) were allocated (2:1) to high- and low-risk groups based on relapse versus disease-free status ≤5 years post-surgery. We evaluated the association of preoperative ctDNA detection by a plasma-only targeted methylation-based multi-cancer early detection (MCED) test with NSCLC relapse ≤5 years post-surgery in the overall population, followed by histology-specific subgroup analyses.

Identifying Sex-Specific Serum Patterns of Alzheimer's Mice through Deep TMT Profiling and a Concentration-Dependent Concatenation Strategy.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia, disproportionately affecting women in disease prevalence and progression. Comprehensive analysis of the serum proteome in a common AD mouse model offers potential in identifying possible AD pathology- and gender-associated biomarkers. Here, we introduce a multiplexed, nondepleted mouse serum proteome profiling via tandem mass-tag (TMTpro) labeling.

Direct visualization of nanoparticle morphology in thermally sintered nanoparticle ink traces and the relationship among nanoparticle morphology, incomplete polymer removal, and trace conductivity.

A key challenge encountered by printed electronics is that the conductivity of sintered metal nanoparticle (NP) traces is always several times smaller than the bulk metal conductivity. Identifying the relative roles of the voids and the residual polymers on NP surfaces in sintered NP traces, in determining such reduced conductivity, is essential. In this paper, we employ a combination of electron microscopy imaging and detailed simulations to quantify the relative roles of such voids and residual polymers in the conductivity of sintered traces of a commercial (Novacentrix) silver nanoparticle-based ink.

Applications, fluid mechanics, and colloidal science of carbon-nanotube-based 3D printable inks.

Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing (3DP), is a novel and developing technology, which has a wide range of industrial and scientific applications. This technology has continuously progressed over the past several decades, with improvement in productivity, resolution of the printed features, achievement of more and more complex shapes and topographies, scalability of the printed components and devices, and discovery of new printing materials with multi-functional capabilities. Among these newly developed printing materials, carbon-nanotubes (CNT) based inks, with their remarkable mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties, have emerged as an extremely attractive option.

Epidemiological challenges in pandemic coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Role of artificial intelligence.

World is now experiencing a major health calamity due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus clade 2. The foremost challenge facing the scientific community is to explore the growth and transmission capability of the virus. Use of artificial intelligence (AI), such as deep learning, in (i) rapid disease detection from x-ray or computed tomography (CT) or high-resolution CT (HRCT) images, (ii) accurate prediction of the epidemic patterns and their saturation throughout the globe, (iii) forecasting the disease and psychological impact on the population from social networking data, and (iv) prediction of drug-protein interactions for repurposing the drugs, has attracted much attention.

Quality of Life, Sexual Health, and Associated Factors Among the Sexually Active Adults in a Metro City of India: An Inquiry During the COVID-19 Pandemic-Related Lockdown.

Background: Sexual dysfunction (SD) and its effect on our life is an important but less studied topic especially during post-COVID era. This study examines the extent of SD and other mental health predictors and their effect on quality of life.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey of sexually active adults was conducted in an Indian metro-city.

Predicting Probability of Response to Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors for Individual Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis.

Importance: Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFis) have revolutionized the management of ankylosing spondylitis (AS); however, the lack of notable clinical responses in approximately one-half of patients suggests important heterogeneity in treatment response. Identifying patients likely to respond or not respond to TNFis could provide opportunities to personalize treatment strategies.

Objective: To develop models of the probability of short-term response to TNFi treatment in individual patients with active AS.

Grain-Scale Anisotropic Analysis of Steady-State Creep in Oligocrystalline SAC Solder Joints.

Heterogeneous integration is leading to unprecedented miniaturization of solder joints, often with thousands of joints within a single package. The thermomechanical behavior of such SAC solder joints is critically important to assembly performance and reliability, but can be difficult to predict due to the significant joint-to-joint variability caused by the stochastic variability of the arrangement of a few highly-anisotropic grains in each joint. This study relies on grain-scale testing to characterize the mechanical behavior of such oligocrystalline solder joints, while a grain-scale modeling approach has been developed to assess the effect of microstructure that lacks statistical homogeneity.

Predictive Mechanistic Model of Creep Response of Single-Layered Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive (PSA) Joints.

This paper explores the uniaxial tensile creep response of acrylic-based pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA), which exhibits a unique multi-phase creep response that does not have the classical steady-state region due to multiple transitions caused by several competing mechanisms: (i) cavity nucleation and growth in the interior of the adhesive material of the PSA system, as well as at the interfaces between the PSA and the substrate; (ii) fibrillation of the bulk adhesive, and (iii) interfacial mechanical locking between the adhesive and the bonding substrate. This results in multiple regimes of strain hardening and strain softening, evidenced by multiple regions of steady-state creep, separated by strong transitions in the creep rates. This complex, multi-phase, nonlinear creep response cannot be described by conventional creep constitutive models commonly used for polymers in commercial finite element codes.

Principles of pediatric lupus nephritis in a prospective contemporary multi-center cohort.

Lupus nephritis (LN) is a life-threatening manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and is more common in children than adults. The epidemiology and management of childhood-onset SLE (cSLE) have changed over time, prompting the need to reassess expected outcomes. The purpose of this study is to use the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) prospective registry to validate historical principles of LN in a contemporary, real-world cohort.

Ultrathin and Ultrasensitive Printed Carbon Nanotube-Based Temperature Sensors Capable of Repeated Uses on Surfaces of Widely Varying Curvatures and Wettabilities.

In this paper, we demonstrate the ability to fabricate temperature sensors by using our newly developed carbon nanotube-graphene oxide (CNT-GO) ink to print temperature-sensitive traces on highly flexible, thin, and adhesive PET (polyethylene terephthalate) tapes, which in turn are integrated on surfaces of different curvatures and wettabilities. Therefore, the strategy provides a facile, low-cost, and environmentally friendly method to deploy printed temperature sensors on surfaces of widely varying curvatures and wettabilities. The temperature sensing occurs through a thermally induced change in the resistance of the printed traces and we quantify the corresponding negative temperature coefficient of resistance (α) for different conditions of curvatures and wettabilities.

A control theoretic three timescale model for analyzing energy management in mammalian cancer cells.

Interaction among different pathways, such as metabolic, signaling and gene regulatory networks, of cellular system is responsible to maintain homeostasis in a mammalian cell. Malfunctioning of this cooperation may lead to many complex diseases, such as cancer and type 2 diabetes. Timescale differences among these pathways make their integration a daunting task.

Pre-operative withholding of infliximab and the risk of infections after major surgery in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Objectives: Withholding TNF inhibitors (TNFI) before surgery has been recommended due to concern for post-operative infection. We examined the risks of post-operative infections and mortality in patients with RA in relation to the pre-operative timing of infliximab infusion.

Methods: In this population-based retrospective cohort study, we used US Medicare claims data from 2007 to 2015 to identify patients with RA who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), aortic or vascular surgery, or bowel resection, and who were treated with infliximab in the 90 days prior to surgery.

The Pronounced Impact of Hip Fractures on Psychosocial Well-being.

Background: There are little data on the psychosocial well-being of hip fracture patients. Previous studies lacked a control group to isolate the impact of hip fractures from general aging. We sought to overcome these limitations and quantify the impact of hip fractures on psychosocial well-being.