The Role of Baseline PET/CT Parameters in Predicting Treatment Response in Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Undergoing Total Neoadjuvant Therapy.

Total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) offers significant advantages in terms of pathologic response and long-term survival; however, it is still unclear which patients will benefit the most from this treatment. This study aims to investigate the role of metabolic parameters on pretreatment positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) images in predicting treatment response after TNT. The research was conducted using a single-center, retrospective design.

Clinicopathological features and treatment outcomes of patients with fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective multicenter study.

Background: Fibrolamellar Hepatocellular Carcinoma (FLHCC) is a rare primary liver tumour that is distinct from conventional HCC in both histopathological and clinical features. There is no clear consensus on its treatment.

Objective: Assess the demographics, prognosis, and treatment- particularly systemic therapies-of FLHCC patients across multiple centers in Türkiye.

Clinical Outcomes of CDK4/6 Inhibitor Therapy in HR+/HER2- Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Multicenter Comparison of HER2-Low and HER2-Zero Subgroups.

The clinical impact of HER2-low status on the efficacy of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i). Therapy in patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+), HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC) remains unclear. We conducted a multicenter, retrospective analysis including 212 female patients with HR+/HER2-MBC treated with CDK4/6is between 2018 and 2022.

Impact of Sarcopenia and Osteopenia on Prognosis in Metastatic Biliary Tract Cancer: A Single Center Experience.

Sarcopenia, defined as skeletal muscle loss, has been known as a poor prognosis factor in various malignant diseases. We aimed to investigate the effect of sarcopenia on prognosis in patients with metastatic biliary tract cancer (mBTC) who received chemotherapy. We retrospectively collected clinic data of 70 patients with mBTC.

Prognostic Factors in High Grade Osteosarcoma Patients Who Received Neoadjuvant Therapy and Subsequently Underwent Surgery: Data from the Turkish Oncology Group.

Osteosarcoma is a rare but aggressive bone malignancy. Despite advances in multimodal therapy, survival remains suboptimal, highlighting the need for prognostic markers to guide treatment. This study included 162 osteosarcoma patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery between January 2009 and March 2024.

Sex-related disparities in outcomes of survival in biliary tract cancer patients.

Introduction: Biliary tract cancer (BTC) is a rare and aggressive cancer with a poor prognosis. Despite treatment, overall survival is less than 12 months. It is a proven fact that women have better chemotherapy responses and survival than men in almost all cancer types.

Evaluation of Dose Reduction Factors and Impact on Progression-Free Survival in Patients Treated with CDK 4/6 Inhibitors.

CDK 4/6 inhibitors are effectively utilized among patients with hormone-positive, HER-2-negative metastatic breast cancer. The dose reduction for these patients varies between 35% and 57% across multiple trials. We aim to clarify the characteristics of patients who had dosage reduction and the effect of this reduction on survival outcomes.

Prognostic Nutritional Index as a Biomarker in Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer: Impact on Survival and Treatment Optimization.

Objective: The Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), reflects the nutritional and immunological status of the patient and has been associated with outcomes in various cancers. In this study, the prognostic significance of PNI in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) and its potential role in guiding treatment decisions between abiraterone acetate and enzalutamide is investigated.

Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on 167 mHSPC patients treated between 2019 and 2024.

Impact of renin angiotensin system inhibitors on survival of patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: We aimed to explore the correlation between anti-hypertensive treatment and survival rates in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC).

Objective: In this study, we analyzed the correlation between antihypertensive treatment and survival in 300 patients with mNSCLC.

Design: Retrospective.

The Effect of Systemic Inflammation and Clinicopathologic Features on Survival in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A Multicenter Analysis.

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis. Identifying reliable prognostic factors is crucial for risk stratification and optimizing treatment strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of clinicopathologic factors and systemic inflammatory markers on survival outcomes in patients with MPM.

Sorafenib vs chemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic, radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer: real-world data from Turkey.

Managing locally advanced, or metastatic radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancers (RAIR-DTC) poses substantial challenges, with few available treatment options. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical outcomes of patients receiving sorafenib as first line treatment. In addition, prognostic markers affecting progression-free survival (PFS) were identified.

HER2 exon 20 mutant non-small cell lung cancer with complete remission of intracranial metastases with trastuzumab deruxtecan: a case report.

Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) is a novel anti-HER2 antibody-drug conjugate formed by the combination of trastuzumab and deruxtecan. It is used in human epidermal growth factor 2 receptor (HER2) mutant breast, stomach and colorectal cancers as well as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The 58-year-old denovo metastatic NSCLC patient we will discuss here progressed with newly developing brain metastasis under first-line carboplatin/paclitaxel treatment.

Which factors help to determine the long-term response to first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: A Turkish multi-centre study.

Many developing countries lack access to recommended first-line treatments for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) or ICI-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) combinations. As a result, predictive markers are necessary to identify patients who may benefit from single-agent TKIs for long-term response. This study aims to identify such parameters.

Clinicopathologic Features and Efficacy of Induction Chemotherapy in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Real-World Experience.

Introduction: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) accounts for 0.01% of all carcinomas, and 70% of patients have locally advanced disease with a poor prognosis. The mainstay therapy is chemoradiotherapy (CRT), and concurrent administration of platinum-based agents and irradiation provides high local control rates.

Treatment outcomes and prognostic factors in patients with driver mutant non-small cell lung cancer and de novo brain metastases.

Central nervous system (CNS) metastases can be seen at a rate of 30% in advanced stages for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Growing evidence indicates the predictive roles of driver gene mutations in the development of brain metastases (BM) in recent years, meaning that oncogene-driven NSCLC have a high incidence of BM at diagnosis. Today, 3rd generation targeted drugs with high intracranial efficacy, which can cross the blood-brain barrier, have made a positive contribution to survival for these patients with an increased propensity to BM.

The efficacy of palbociclib and ribociclib in the first-line treatment of metastatic hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative breast cancer in male patients: a Turkish oncology group (TOG) study.

Introduction: Male breast cancer, comprising approximately 1% of all breast cancer cases, often leads to the exclusion of male patients as a criterion in clinical trials. While the efficacy of Cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK 4/6) inhibitors has been established in metastatic hormone receptor-positive (HR +) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2 -) breast cancer in women, limited data exist on their effectiveness in male patients. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of palbociclib or ribociclib in male patients with breast cancer.

PNI as a Potential Add-On Biomarker to Improve the IMDC Intermediate Prognostic Score.

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the role of the adjusted PNI-IMDC risk scoring system in stratifying the intermediate group of metastatic RCC patients who received TKIS in the first-line setting.

Methods: A total of 185 patients were included. The adjusted PNI and IMDC model was used to divide the intermediate group into two groups: intermediate PNI-high and intermediate PNI-low groups.

Evaluation of Predictive and Prognostic Importance of Lung Immune Prognostic Index in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Patients Treated With Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy.

Objective: The systemic inflammatory response (SIR) is known as an important factor associated with tumorigenesis and tumor progression, and can be reflected by inflammatory markers. One of the markers that reflect this is the lung immune prognostic index (LIPI). It is based on a derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (dNLR) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level.

Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of 3 Months of CAPOX Followed by 3 Months of Capecitabine and 6 Months of CAPOX/FOLFOX in the Adjuvant Treatment of Low-Risk Stage III Colon Cancer Treated Surgically.

Introduction: In the adjuvant treatment of low-risk stage III colon cancer treated surgically, 3 months of CAPOX followed by 3 months of capecitabine is not a common clinical practice. Since there are no data on this practice in the literature, we have no idea how often it is used. However, it should be noted that this application is used in some centers due to the cumulative neurotoxicity of oxaliplatin but there are insufficient data in the literature on its efficacy.

The effect of low HER2 expression on treatment outcomes in metastatic hormone receptor positive breast cancer patients treated with a combination of a CDK4/6 inhibitor and endocrine therapy: A multicentric retrospective study.

Background: CDK4/6 inhibitors combined with endocrine therapy have significantly improved treatment outcomes for metastatic hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer patients. However, the impact of low HER2 expression on treatment response and progression-free survival (PFS) remains unclear.

Methods: This multicenter retrospective study included 204 HR+ breast cancer patients treated with a combination of CDK4/6 inhibitor and endocrine therapy.

Tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors: which one is the culprit of urinary incontinence in premenopausal breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant hormone therapy?

Aim: The primary aim of this study was to compare tamoxifen versus aromatase inhibitors (AI) in terms of urinary incontinence (UI) in premenopausal female patients receiving adjuvant hormone therapy for breast cancer. A secondary aim was to investigate the prevalence and the affecting factors of UI.

Methods: This study was designed as a multicenter, cross-sectional that included consecutive premenopausal breast cancer patients ≤50 years of age receiving tamoxifen (with/without LHRHa) or AI (with LHRHa) for at least 6 months, between June 2021 and September 2022.

Prognostic significance of mucinous histology in left‑sided metastatic colorectal cancers with wild‑type RAS and evaluation of backbone chemotherapy regimens.

Mucinous colorectal adenocarcinoma (MCAC) is a distinct subtype of colorectal carcinoma (CRC). The prognostic and predictive significance of mucinous histology remains controversial. It was aimed to investigate the prognostic and/or predictive role of mucinous histology in left-sided metastatic CRC (mCRC) with wild-type RAS.

Efficacy of subsequent treatments in patients with hormone-positive advanced breast cancer who had disease progression under CDK 4/6 inhibitor therapy.

Background: There is no standard treatment recommended at category 1 level in international guidelines for subsequent therapy after cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6) based therapy. We aimed to evaluate which subsequent treatment oncologists prefer in patients with disease progression under CDKi. In addition, we aimed to show the effectiveness of systemic treatments after CDKi and whether there is a survival difference between hormonal treatments (monotherapy vs.

Age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index is a valuable prognostic tool in operable soft tissue sarcoma of trunk and extremities.

Background: Advanced age and presence of comorbidities affect prognosis and treatment decisions in patients with soft tissue sarcoma (STS). However, coeffect of age and comorbidities is still unknown. We aimed to investigate prognostic value of age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index (ACCI) in trunk and extremity STS operated with curative intent.