CC5 MRSA isolates from goats and the farm environment are phylogenetically linked to isolates recovered from human clinical samples.

Objectives: Despite MRSA's zoonotic nature, studies demonstrating the phylogenetic relatedness of animal isolates to other sources, including human clinical isolates, are scarce, especially in the Middle East.

Methods: We conducted whole genome sequencing (WGS) and phylogenetic analyses of clonal complex (CC) 5 MRSA isolates recovered from goats and their farm environments in Saudi Arabia and isolates recovered from other sources worldwide.

Results: MRSA isolates belonging to sequence type (ST) 6 recovered from goat nasal swabs and farm soil were phylogenetically related to MRSA isolates recovered from patients in Germany, Italy and the USA.

Discrete event simulation and agent-based modelling of distributed situation awareness in patient flow management.

Patient flow management heavily relies on effective communication or transactions of situation awareness (SA) amongst hospital staff to minimize patients' length of stay. Modelling SA transactions quantitatively could help identify inefficiencies and test potential solutions. This paper presents quantitative modelling of distributed situation awareness (DSA) with discrete event simulation (DES) and agent-based modelling (ABM) to capture and assess the transactions and distribution of SA for intrahospital transportation in patient flow management.

Exploring oxidative stress, immunological and metabolic biomarkers in dairy cows with postpartum pyometra.

Pyometra is a prevalent and severe infectious disease that affects the reproductive systems of cattle worldwide. This study's main goal was to investigate the biomarkers for oxidative stress (OS), adiponectin, leptin and neopterin (NPT) in cows suffering from postpartum pyometra. The study also aimed to determine which bacteria were most commonly implicated in the development of the disease.

The clinical importance and correlations of post-partum changes in the clinical findings, reproductive cyclicity, serum-milk oxidant/antioxidant parameters as a stress indicator in female dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) and their effect on milk palatability.

Dramatic metabolic changes during pregnancy and post-partum period resulted in alteration of the biochemical parameters in dromedary she-camels. The current study focused on assessment of stress indicators in post-partum dromedary she-camels on days 14, 28 and 42 post-calving through monitoring the clinical findings, serum steroid hormones, serum or milk oxidant/antioxidant indicators, and milk somatic cell count (SCC) status with reference to serum lipid profile changes. The study also stated several correlations between reproductive cyclicity parameters, stress biomarkers and serum-milk oxidant/antioxidant indicators.

Insulin-like growth factor-1 improves meiotic resumption of dromedary camel (Camelus Dromedarius) oocytes.

Despite relatively high maturation rate of matured oocytes in the dromedary camel, however, blastocyst production is very low after fertilization (IVF). Herein, the influences of oocyte collection method (follicular aspiration slicing; ), the addition of Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) to the maturation medium () on maturation (IVM) of oocyte were investigated. Although the nuclear maturation did not differ regardless of collecting method, follicular aspiration led to lower degeneration rates than those in controls (P < 0.

Immunological response of lame sheep to clinical interdigital dermatitis and footrot: Procalcitonin, acute phase proteins, and pro-inflammatory cytokines.

In many countries, sheep lameness is a cause of economic concern and a contributing factor to a declining economy. This study aimed to investigate changes in procalcitonin (PCT), acute phase proteins (APPs), and cytokines (CYTs) in response to interdigital dermatitis and footrot in sheep under field conditions, to emphasize their role in the disease pathogenesis, diagnosis, as well as monitoring treatment response. Fifty-three sheep with foot diseases (26 clinical cases with interdigital dermatitis and 27 clinical cases with footrot) and 20 clinically healthy naemi sheep were used in this study.

Relation of seminal plasma trace mineral in the Arabian stallion's semen with the semen characteristics and subsequent fertility.

Background: Seminal plasma contains several microelements like Zn, Fe, Se, and Cu that affect sperm motility and male fertility. Biochemical evaluation of seminal plasma trace elements is important for assessing fertility and diagnosing male infertility.

Aims: The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of seminal fluid trace elements on sperm parameters and fertility in Arabian horses.

Oxidative stress, ceruloplasmin and neopterin biomarkers in dromedary camels with clinical endometritis.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of some oxidative stress (OS), ceruloplasmin (Cp), and neopterin (NPT) as diagnostic biomarkers for dromedary camels endometritis as well as to explore the impact of ceftiofur treatment on endometritis. Camels were categorized into two groups; healthy control group (n = 20) and endometritis group (n = 60). She-camels with clinical signs of endometritis (CE) received 6.

High concentration of growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF-9) to the ram semen had a negative effect on the sperm positive rheotaxis.

Herein, the microfluidic device technique was used to investigate the effects of GDF-9 concentrations and exposure time on the ram sperm positive rheotaxis (PR). Semen was collected from six rams and utilized for PR, motility and sperm kinetic parameter analysis using a computer-assisted sperm analysis program with controlled flow velocity following 0, 10, 20 or 30 min of incubation at 37°C with GDF-9 (200 , 400 or 600 ng/ml; semen sample without GDF-9 was used as a control). Results revealed that there was not an interaction between effects of GDF-9 concentrations and incubation duration on PR% (p = .

Changes in blood biomarkers in Arabian horses with Clostridium difficile-induced enterocolitis.

Clostridium difficile (CD) is considered a major health care problem both in developing and developed countries; frequently reported to be associated with enterocolitis and diarrhea in horses and other animals. In this study, we examined acute phase response (APR), cytokines response, neopterin (NP) procalcitonin (PCT) production and oxidative stress condition in horses and foals with C. difficile-induced enterocolitis (CDIE) and evaluated the effectiveness of these parameters as biomarkers for the disease.

Distributed situation awareness: a health-system approach to assessing and designing patient flow management.

Patient flow management is a system-wide process but many healthcare providers do not integrate multiple departments into the process to minimise the time between treatments or medical services for maximum patient throughput. This paper presents a case study of applying Distributed Situation Awareness (DSA) to characterise system-wide patient flow management and identify opportunities for improvements in a healthcare system. This case study employed a three-part method of data elicitation, extraction, and representation to investigate DSA.

Acute phase proteins, proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress biomarkers in sheep, goats and she-camels with Coxiella burnetii infection-induced abortion.

Acute phase proteins (APPs) and oxidative stress are helpful markers in diagnosis of several infectious diseases. APPs, proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers were evaluated for their role in the diagnosis of naturally acquired Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) associated with abortion in sheep, goats and she-camels. Blood, aborted materials and vaginal swabs were collected from mixed herds in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.