Impact of Vgsc-1014 mutations on the feeding pattern of Phlebotomus argentipes.

Knockdown resistance alleles (kdr alleles) within the para voltage-gated sodium channel gene (Vgsc) are a common mechanism of DDT and pyrethroid resistance in insect vectors. In the primary Asian visceral leishmaniasis vector, Phlebotomus argentipes, two kdr alleles in codon 1014 of the Vgsc are associated with insecticide resistance, potentially presenting challenges to vector control efforts in the Indian subcontinent. Here, we screened Vgsc-1014 alleles and blood meal origin in P.

Prevalence of MRSA in Livestock, Including Cattle, Farm Animals, and Poultry, in Mainland China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) can spread from animals to humans, but how it adapts to infect both is not fully understood. Our review aimed to determine the prevalence of MRSA in livestock, poultry, and companion animals in different countries, including Bangladesh, the Hong Kong SAR, Mainland China, and Sri Lanka. Articles were collected using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, and Google Scholar.

The Lifecycle of Phlebotomus argentipes (Diptera: Psychodidae) Sand Fly in a Newly Developed Colony in Bangladesh.

Laboratory-established sand fly colonies provide important material for leishmaniasis research; however, the establishment and maintenance of such colonies can be complicated. In this study, a colony of Phlebotomus argentipes (P. argentipes) was established using wild-caught sand flies in Bangladesh by following standard procedures described in the published literature.

Optimizing boron application methods and dosages to enhance jute () seed yield and quality under sub-tropical climate.

Bangladesh, despite being a top raw jute producer, struggles with inadequate jute seed quantity and quality due to some unforeseen circumstances. Boron is a key micronutrient for enhancing crop seed yield and quality. However, research on its effects on jute () seed production in Bangladesh remains limited, highlighting a significant knowledge gap.

lassi onk: a system framework to annotate and classify vehicular honk from road traffic.

Some recent studies highlight that vehicular traffic and honking contribute to more than 50% of noise pollution in urban or sub-urban areas in developing countries, including Indian cities. Frequent honking has an adverse effect on health and hampers road safety, the environment, etc. Therefore, recognizing the various vehicle honks and classifying the honk of different vehicles can provide good insights into environmental noise pollution.

Text messaging to improve retention in hypertension care in Bangladesh.

Visit non-attendance is a common barrier to hypertension control in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of mobile text messaging in improving visit attendance among patients with hypertension in primary healthcare facilities in Bangladesh. A randomized A/B testing study was conducted with two patient groups: (1) patients regularly attending visits (regular patients) and (2) patients overdue for their follow-up clinic visit (overdue patients).

Evaluation of the World Health Organization-HEARTS hypertension control package in Bangladesh: a quasi-experimental trial.

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) promotes the HEARTS technical package for improving hypertension control worldwide, but its effectiveness has not been rigorously evaluated.

Objective: To compare hypertension outcomes in clinics implementing HEARTS versus clinics continuing usual hypertension care in rural Bangladesh.

Methods: A matched-pair cluster quasi-experimental trial in Upazila Health Complexes (UHCs; primary healthcare facilities) was conducted in rural Bangladesh.

Association of low serum 25-Hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH) d] with hepatic encephalopathy in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis.

Background And Study Aims: The mechanism of hepatic encephalopathy is complex and has not been conclusively established. Recent studies support lower serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D [25(OH) D] levels in patients with hepatic encephalopathy. This study aimed to evaluate the association between serum 25(OH) D and hepatic encephalopathy in patients with decompensated cirrhosis of liver.

Comparative Efficacy of Foliar Plus Soil Application of Urea versus Conventional Application Methods for Enhanced Growth, Yield, Agronomic Efficiency, and Economic Benefits in Rice.

The experiment was conducted at the research field, Department of Agronomy, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur from December 2017 to May 2018 to find out the best treatment of foliar application of urea on the growth and yield of boro rice cv. BRRI dhan28. The experiment consisted of 10 treatments, laid out in a randomized complete block design in triplicate.

Long-Term Efficacy of Insecticidal Wall Painting for Controlling Visceral Leishmaniasis Vectors in Bangladesh.

The success of the visceral leishmaniasis (VL) elimination program largely depends on cost-effective vector control measures. Our goal was to investigate the longevity of the efficacy of insecticidal wall painting (IWP), a new vector control tool, compared with a routine indoor residual spraying (IRS) program for reducing the VL vector density in Bangladesh. This study is the extension of our recent IWP study for VL vector management in Bangladesh, which was undertaken in seven highly VL endemic villages of the Mymensingh district with a 12-month follow-up.

Pleckstrin Levels Are Increased in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis and Regulated the MAP Kinase-p38α Signaling Pathway in Gingival Fibroblasts.

Chronic periodontitis (CP) is a bacteria-driven inflammatory disease characterized by the breakdown of gingival tissue, the periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone, leading ultimately to tooth loss. We previously reported the pleckstrin gene () to be highly upregulated in gingival tissue of patients with CP and the only gene concurrently upregulated in other inflammatory diseases including rheumatoid arthritis and cardiovascular diseases. Using saliva from 169 individuals diagnosed with CP and healthy controls, we investigated whether pleckstrin could serve as a novel biomarker of periodontitis.

Comparison of Novel Sandfly Control Interventions: A Pilot Study in Bangladesh.

In this pilot comparative study, we investigated and compared the effects of existing vector control tools on sandfly densities and mortality to inform and support the National Kala-azar Elimination Program (NKEP). The interventions included insecticidal wall painting (IWP), reduced-coverage insecticidal durable wall lining (DWL), insecticide-impregnated bednets (ITN), and indoor residual spraying with deltamethrin (IRS). Sakhua union with seven villages was the study area, which was the most highly endemic visceral leishmaniasis union in Trishal upazila, Bangladesh.

Prevalence of non-communicable disease risk factors among nurses and para-health professionals working at primary healthcare level of Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors among nurses and para-health professionals (PHPs) working at primary healthcare centres in Bangladesh. In addition to this, we also investigated the association of these risk factors with the categories of health professions.

Design: Cross-sectional study and the sampling technique was a census.

Fish-borne trematode infections in wild fishes in Bangladesh.

Fish-borne liver and intestinal flukes are helminth pathogens that have a negative impact on public health worldwide. We herein investigated the status of infection by the metacercariae (MC) of fish-borne trematodes (FBTs) in randomly selected freshwater wild fishes. Five species of fishes were collected and digested artificially using digestion fluid to recover MC.

Maternal BMI and nutritional status in early pregnancy and its impact on neonatal outcomes at birth in Bangladesh.

Background: To assess the maternal characteristics and nutritional status according to body mass index (BMI) at 6-14 weeks of gestation and to examine the relationship between maternal nutritional status in early pregnancy and its impact on neonatal birth weight.

Methods: The investigation was conducted from April 2011 to June 2012 in Dhaka, Bangladesh. A total of 498 primigravida pregnant women participated in the study; women with known diabetes or previous gestational diabetes (GDM) were excluded.

Relationship of Serum Antileishmanial Antibody With Development of Visceral Leishmaniasis, Post-kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis and Visceral Leishmaniasis Relapse.

Introduction: To sustain the achievement of kala-azar elimination program (KEP), early detection and treatment of the visceral leishmaniasis (VL) cases and associated modalities such as treatment failure (TF), relapse VL (RVL), and Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is the cornerstone. A predictive biomarker for VL development and related complications could also play a crucial role in curtailing disease incidence and transmission. Investigations to find a biomarker with prospective capabilities are, however, scarce.

Relationship between treatment regimens for visceral leishmaniasis and development of post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis and visceral leishmaniasis relapse: A cohort study from Bangladesh.

Background: We investigated the relationship of treatment regimens for visceral leishmaniasis (VL) with post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) and visceral leishmaniasis relapse (VLR) development.

Methods: Study subjects included cohorts of patients cured of VL since treatment with monotherapy by sodium stibogluconate (SSG), miltefosine (MF), paromomycin intramuscular injection (PMIM), liposomal amphotericin B [AmBisome (AMB)] in a single dose (SDAMB) and in multidose (MDAMB), and combination therapies by AMB+PMIM, AMB+MF, and PMIM+MF. Follow up period was 4 years after treatment.

May Measurement Month (MMM) 2017: an analysis of blood pressure screening results in Bangladesh-South Asia.

Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a growing burden worldwide, leading to over 10 million deaths each year. Based on the findings of the non-communicable disease Risk Factors Survey Bangladesh 2010, the prevalence of hypertension in adults 25 years or older in Bangladesh is 20.1%.

Intervention Packages for Early Visceral Leishmaniasis Case Detection and Sandfly Control in Bangladesh: A Comparative Analysis.

We compared the efficacy of three intervention packages for active case detection (ACD) of visceral leishmaniasis (VL)/post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) combined with sandfly control around an index case. The packages were 1) no kala-azar transmission activity involving indoor residual spraying (IRS) with deltamethrin, peri-domestic deployment of larvicide with temephos, and house-to-house search for cases; 2) fever camp (FC) plus durable wall lining (DWL) with deltamethrin; and 3) FC plus insecticide (deltamethrin) impregnated bed-nets (ITN) around an index case. Fever camp includes 1-day campaign at the village level to screen and diagnose VL, PKDL, leprosy, malaria, and tuberculosis among residents with chronic fever or skin disease.

Quantifying the Infectiousness of Post-Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis Toward Sand Flies.

Background: On the Indian subcontinent, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) incidence is on track to reach elimination goals by 2020 in nearly all endemic districts. Although not included in official targets, previous data suggest post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) patients can act as an infection reservoir.

Methods: We conducted xenodiagnosis on 47 PKDL patients and 15 VL patients using laboratory-reared Phlebotomus argentipes.

Achilles tendon rupture healing is enhanced by intermittent pneumatic compression upregulating collagen type I synthesis.

Purpose And Hypothesis: Adjuvant intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) during leg immobilization following Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) has been shown to reduce the risk of deep venous thrombosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether IPC can also promote tendon healing.

Methods: One hundred and fifty patients with surgical repair of acute ATR were post-operatively leg immobilized and prospectively randomized.

Venestatin, a Ca-binding protein from the parasitic nematode Strongyloides venezuelensis, is involved in the larval migration process.

The secretory EF-hand Ca-binding proteins act as calcium signaling molecules for control of cell functions, but those proteins from parasitic helminths are poorly understood. Here, we have identified and characterized an EF-hand Ca-binding protein from the rodent nematode, Strongyloides venezuelensis, termed 'venestatin', which is highly conserved in Strongyloides spp. Canonical two EF-hand domains and a signal peptide are present in venestatin.

Compromised Neurotrophic and Angiogenic Regenerative Capability during Tendon Healing in a Rat Model of Type-II Diabetes.

Metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus type-II (DM-II) may increase the risk of suffering painful connective tissue disorders and tendon ruptures. The pathomechanisms, however, by which diabetes adversely affects connective tissue matrix metabolism and regeneration, still need better definition. Our aim was to study the effect of DM-II on expressional changes of neuro- and angiotrophic mediators and receptors in intact and healing Achilles tendon.